Orgelkonsert G-dur

Soitinnus: urut.

Sonat för soloviolin g-moll

Soitinnus: viulu.

[Fantasia cembalolle a-molli [!]]

Soitinnus: cembalo.

Konsertto d kahdelle viululle BWV 1043

Soitinnus: viulut (2), jousiorkesteri.

[Kunst der Fuge, 3 vastafuugaa (nrot 5, 6, 7)]

Soitinnus: cembalo.

Präludium, Sarabande un Gigue aus der Suite C-dur für Solovioloncello

Soitinnus: sello.

Am Abend von Joh. Seb. Bach für Piano

Soitinnus: piano.

"Askeleen päässä taidosta" - Kolmen askeleen menetelmän soveltuvuuden testaaminen oppimistehtävän avulla motoristen taitojen opetukseen 4. luokan käsityössä

Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on selvittää taitojen opettamisen kolmen askeleen menetelmän soveltuvuutta motoristen taitojen opetukseen käsityön 4. luokalla. Menetelmän soveltuvuuden testaamiseksi on suunniteltu ja valmistettu oppimistehtävä. Oppimistehtävä on laadittu taitojen opettamisen yleismenetelmän, kolmen askeleen menetelmän pohjalta. Oppimistehtävän laadinnassa on käytetty tukena myös suljetun oppimistehtävän teoreettista perustaa, sekä ositetun ja taitolajipainotteisen käsityön piirteitä. Oppimistehtävä toteutettiin satakuntalaisessa koulussa ja toteutuksen suoritti koulun oma käsityönopettaja. Oppimistehtävän aikana tapahtuvasta toiminnasta, opetuksesta ja oppimisessa on pyritty saamaan tietoa kaikilta siihen osallistuneilta osapuolilta. Oppilaille on suoritettu oppimista mittaava alku ja loppu kysely. Opettajaa on haastateltu, jolloin on saatu oppimistehtävän toteuttajan kokemuksia tapahtuneesta. Lisäksi tutkijat ovat itse osallistuneet toiminnan havainnointiin, sekä videoineet opetusta ja oppilaiden toimintaa. Tutkimus on tutkimusotteeltaan laadullinen tapaustutkimus. Tutkimuksen tuote on motoristen taitojen opettamiseen laadittu oppimistehtävä. Tutkimuksen kulku ja toteutus on kuvattu yksityiskohtaisesti mittarien laadinnasta, aineiston keruun ja -tulosten analysoinnin kautta synteesiin ja tutkimusongelmiin vastaamiseen. Tutkimuksen tulokset osoittavat, että taitojen opettamisen kolmen askeleen menetelmä sisältää myös perusopetuksessa toteutettavan taitojen opetuksen kannalta keskeisimmät elementit. Menetelmä soveltuu etenkin vasta-alkaneille opettajille, mutta myös kokeneille opettajille. Taitojen oppimisen kannalta erityisen tärkeäksi seikaksi tällä ikäryhmällä osoittautui demonstrointi ja ohjaaminen. Lisäksi saimme yksityiskohtaista tietoa, jonka avulla menetelmästä voisi laatia tälle ikäryhmälle vieläkin sopivamman.

Emancipating and developing learning activity: Systemic intervention and re-instrumentation in higher education.

The central theme of this thesis is the emancipation and further development of learning activity in higher education in the context of the ongoing digital transformation of our societies. It was developed in response to the highly problematic mainstream approach to digital re-instrumentation of teaching and studying practises in contemporary higher education. The mainstream approach is largely based on centralisation, standardisation, commoditisation, and commercialisation, while re-producing the general patterns of control, responsibility, and dependence that are characteristic for activity systems of schooling. Whereas much of educational research and development focuses on the optimisation and fine-tuning of schooling, the overall inquiry that is underlying this thesis has been carried out from an explicitly critical position and within a framework of action science. It thus conceptualises learning activity in higher education not only as an object of inquiry but also as an object to engage with and to intervene into from a perspective of intentional change. The knowledge-constituting interest of this type of inquiry can be tentatively described as a combination of heuristic-instrumental (guidelines for contextualised action and intervention), practical-phronetic (deliberation of value-rational aspects of means and ends), and developmental-emancipatory (deliberation of issues of power, self-determination, and growth) aspects. Its goal is the production of orientation knowledge for educational practise. The thesis provides an analysis, argumentation, and normative claim on why the development of learning activity should be turned into an object of individual|collective inquiry and intentional change in higher education, and why the current state of affairs in higher education actually impedes such a development. It argues for a decisive shift of attention to the intentional emancipation and further development of learning activity as an important cultural instrument for human (self-)production within the digital transformation. The thesis also attempts an in-depth exploration of what type of methodological rationale can actually be applied to an object of inquiry (developing learning activity) that is at the same time conceptualised as an object of intentional change within the ongoing digital transformation. The result of this retrospective reflection is the formulation of “optimally incomplete” guidelines for educational R&D practise that shares the practicalphronetic (value related) and developmental-emancipatory (power related) orientations that had been driving the overall inquiry. In addition, the thesis formulates the instrumental-heuristic knowledge claim that the conceptual instruments that were adapted and validated in the context of a series of intervention studies provide means to effectively intervene into existing practise in higher education to support the necessary development of (increasingly emancipated) networked learning activity. It suggests that digital networked instruments (tools and services) generally should be considered and treated as transient elements within critical systemic intervention research in higher education. It further argues for the predominant use of loosely-coupled, digital networked instruments that allow for individual|collective ownership, control, (co-)production, and re-use in other contexts and for other purposes. Since the range of digital instrumentation options is continuously expanding and currently shows no signs of an imminent slow-down or consolidation, individual and collective exploration and experimentation of this realm needs to be systematically incorporated into higher education practise.

Dispersal and metacommunity dynamics in a soft-sediment benthic system : how well is the seafloor connected?

Connectivity depends on rates of dispersal between communities. For marine soft-sediment communities continued small-scale dispersal as post-larvae and as adults can be equally important in maintaining community composition, as initial recruitment of substrate by pelagic larvae. In this thesis post-larval dispersal strategies of benthic invertebrates, as well as mechanisms by which communities are connected were investigated. Such knowledge on dispersal is scarce, due to the difficulties in actually measuring dispersal directly in nature, and dispersal has not previously been quantified in the Baltic Sea. Different trap-types were used underwater to capture dispersing invertebrates at different sites, while in parallel measuring waves and currents. Local community composition was found to change predictably under varying rates of dispersal and physical connectivity (waves and currents). This response was, however, dependent on dispersal-related traits of taxa. Actively dispersing taxa will be relatively better at maintaining their position, as they are not as dependent on hydrodynamic conditions for dispersal and will be less prone to be passively transported by currents. Taxa also dispersed in relative proportions that were distinctly different from resident community composition and a significant proportion (40 %) of taxa were found to lack a planktonic larval life-stage. Community assembly was re-started in a large-scale manipulative field experiment over one year across several sites, which revealed how patterns of community composition (α-, β- and λ-diversity) change depending on rates of dispersal. Results also demonstrated that in response to small-scale disturbance, initial recruitment was by nearby-dominant species after which other species arrived from successively further away. At later assembly time, the number of coexisting species increased beyond what was expected purely by local niche requirements (species sorting), transferring regional differences in community composition (β-diversity) to the local scale (α-diversity, mass effect). Findings of this thesis complement more theoretical studies in metacommunity ecology by demonstrating that understanding how and when individuals disperse relative to underlying environmental heterogeneity is key to interpreting how patterns of diversity change across different spatial scales. Such information from nature is critical when predicting responses to, for example, different types of disturbances or management actions in conservation.

Diagnostic value of copper parameters to predict growth of suckling calves grazing native range in Argentina

A study was conducted to evaluate the predictive diagnostic value of different copper (Cu) parameters as indicators of average daily gain (ADG) in growing calves. The effects in calves of cow Cu supplementation in the last one-third gestation period were also evaluated. Five supplementation trials, with a total of 300 calves, were carried out. Two groups of 30 calves were randomly assigned to each trial, one group was parenterally supplemented (SG) and the other was not supplemented (NSG). Trials began when calves were three-month-old and ended at weaning time. At each sampling calves were weighed and blood was taken to determine Cu concentrations in plasma, Whole Blood (WB), Red Cells (RC) and Packed Cell Volume (PCV). Liver samples from six animals of each group were taken both at the beginning and at the end of the trial. In two trials the mothers of the SG received Cu supplementation at the last one- third gestation period. Four of the five trials exhibited low ADG in the NSGs. In these groups, plasma Cu concentration decreased rapidly before low ADG was detected, which occurred with values remaining below 25µg/dl. The decrease of RC Cu concentration was considerably slow. WB showed an intermediate position. PCV in the SGs was higher than in the NSGs in all trials. Cow supplementation was insufficient to generate a liver storage able to last after calves reached the 3 months of age. These data could be useful to predict the risk of low ADG in grazing calves.

Renal cortex copper concentration in acute copper poisoning in calves

The aim of this study was to estimate the diagnostic value of renal cortex copper (Cu) concentration in clinical cases of acute copper poisoning (ACP). A total of 97 calves that died due to subcutaneous copper administration were compiled in eleven farms. At least, one necropsy was conducted on each farm and samples for complementary analysis were taken. The degree of autolysis in each necropsy was evaluated. The cases appeared on extensive grazing calf breeding and intensive feedlot farms, in calves of 60 to 200 kg body weight. Mortality varied from 0.86 to 6.96 %, on the farms studied. The first succumbed calf was found on the farms between 6 and 72 hours after the susbcutaneous Cu administration. As discrepancies regarding the reference value arose, the local value (19.9 parts per million) was used, confirming the diagnosis of acute copper poisoning in 93% of the analyzed kidney samples. These results confirm the value of analysis of the cortical kidney Cu concentration for the diagnosis of acute copper poisoning.

Valmistusteknillinen näkökulma hitsattaessa ruostumattomia teräksiä CO2-laserilla

Tämä kandidaatintyö on valmistuksellinen näkökulma ruostumattoman teräksen CO2-laserhitsauksen perusteisiin. Tavoitteena on perehdyttää lukija ruostumattoman teräksen CO2-laserhitsauksen valmistusteknillisiin vaatimuksiin ja teollisuuden sovelluksiin.