Desde la ra?z hasta las puntas: sobre la forma en el peinado afronortecaucano de Villa Rica [recurso electr?nico]

La siguiente investigaci?n motiva a hacer un recorrido por cada uno de los cap?tulos sobre la forma en los peinados afronortecaucanos de Villa Rica, especialmente los elaborados por Evedilde Villalobos, entendiendo el peinado como la forma proyectada de la pr?ctica del trenzado, y que entrev? en el seno de su ulterior vigencia aspectos conformativos que representan sus modos de ocupar el espacio corporal desde la superficie de la cabeza. Situaci?n que trae consigo la comprensi?n de las din?micas espacio temporales que demarcaron los puntos de inflexi?n m?s importantes en los procesos de socializaci?n e innovaci?n alrededor de la pr?ctica. De esta manera, surge una extensa clasificaci?n de cada una de las unidades formales que la peinadora utiliza para conformar un peinado, tal clasificaci?n concluye que existen patrones formales organizados en los peinados que actualmente elaboran las peinadoras de Villa Rica. Analizar estos atributos formales permiti?, a su vez, identificar una "marca" un estilo propio que representa no solo a la peinadora sino a la pr?ctica del trenzado del municipio, construyendo identidad cultural alrededor de los peinados afro. Una instancia morfol?gica sobre el estudio de la forma en los peinados nace precisamente de la necesidad de interpretar y aprehender la forma como producto cultural, desde su sentido m?s nato, deconstruy?ndolo en sus partes m?nimas para nuevamente reconstruirlo y poder dilucidar el comportamiento generativo y organizativo de esos atributos formales que construyen la noci?n de forma como peinado El dise?o ingresa para establecer el escal?n diferencial que esta antes de la aprehensi?n social del peinado, para evidenciar un lenguaje de formas alrededor que puede explicar tantoaspectos perceptuales como nuevos procesos de socializaci?n e innovaci?n que se dan en la pr?ctica. Tales argumentos que escenifican este planteamiento seencuentran en los cap?tulos siguientes, una primera parte se dirige hacia la socialidad que circunda en los modos en como la mujer afro de Villa Rica se apropia espacialmente de su corporalidad, lo cual evidencia el fuerte inter?s en el proceso proyectual del peinado. Y una segunda parte escenifica tales procesos de royecci?n,muestra como clasifican, generan y organizan cada una de esas unidades formales para conforman un peinado. Palabras clave: peinado, forma, habitar, morfolog?a, corporalidad, mujer

Maldito y divino: un acercamiento a la poes?a de Ra?l G?mez Jattin

Tesis de Licenciatura en Literatura

Elmar Schwinger: Literarische Erziehung und Gymnasium. Zur Entwicklung des bayerischen Gymnasiums in der Ära Niethammer/Thiersch. Mit einem Geleitwort von A. Reble. (Würzburger Arbeiten zur Erziehungswissenschaft. Bd. 18.) Bad Heilbrunn: Klinkhardt 1988 [Rezension]

Rezension von: Elmar Schwinger: Literarische Erziehung und Gymnasium. Zur Entwicklung des bayerischen Gymnasiums in der Ära Niethammer/Thiersch. Mit einem Geleitwort von A. Reble. (Würzburger Arbeiten zur Erziehungswissenschaft. Bd. 18.) Bad Heilbrunn: Klinkhardt 1988. 452 S.

Distribution of Ra-226, Th-232 and K-40 in soils and sugar cane crops at Corumbatai river basin, São Paulo State, Brazil

The common use of phosphate fertilizers NPK and amendments in sugar cane crops in Brazilian agriculture may increase the Ra-226, Th-232 and K-40 activity concentrations in soils and their availability for plants and human food chain. Thus, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of Ra-226, Th-232 and K-40 in soils and sugar cane crops in the Corumbatai river basin, São Paulo State, Brazil. The gamma spectrometry was utilized to measure the Ra-226, Th-232 and K-40 activity concentration in all samples. The soil-to-sugar cane transfer factors (TF) were quantified using the ratio between the radionuclide activity concentration in sugar cane and its activity concentration in soil. The results show that, although radionuclides incorporated in phosphate fertilizers and amendments are annually added in the sugar cane crops, if utilized in accordance with the recommended rates, their use does not lead to hazards levels in soils. The soil-to-sugar cane transfer of radionuclides occurred in the following order K-40 > Ra-226 > Th-232. Therefore, under these conditions, radionuclides intake through consumption of sugar is not hazardous to human health. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The divine substance as māsūra and muftaraqa. An attempt of reinterpretation of the Trinitarian terminology in the light of the teaching of Abū Rā’iṭa’s al-Risāla fī l-thālūth al-muqaddas

Este artículo trata de la terminología trinitaria de Abū Rā’iṭa contenida en su al-Risāla fi l-thālūth al-muqaddas. Concretamente, se centra en una expresión que simboliza la unidad de la sustancia divina y la multiplicidad de hipóstasis, es decir “māsūra y muftaraqa”. Ofrecemos un intento de reinterpretación del significado de estos términos clave de acuerdo con la comprensión de la doctrina trinitaria de Abū Rā’iṭa.

Studio di fattibilità ed implementazione della tecnologia MBR per l'impianto di depurazione acque presso Caviro-Extra (Faenza-RA)

Caviro Extra è un’azienda con sede a Faenza, impegnata nella lavorazione dei sottoprodotti derivanti dalla vinificazione e nella produzione di energia sostenibile ottenuta sia dai propri scarti di lavorazione che da rifiuti agroalimentari di aziende terze. Lo stabilimento svolge autonomamente il trattamento dei reflui abbattendo le sostanze inquinanti e permettendo così lo scarico in pubblica fognatura. Lo scopo della tesi è quello di studiare la fattibilità, tramite lo studio bibliografico, dell’implementazione di un bioreattore aerobico a membrana (MBR) come soluzione impiantistica atta a fronteggiare l’alto carico idraulico ed ammoniacale gestito durante il periodo della campagna di vinificazione. In un’ottica di sostenibilità ambientale si è presentato un secondo scopo , cioè quello di andare a recuperare le acque reflue tramite osmosi inversa. Dallo studio di letteratura scientifica riguardo la capacità di nitrificazione del bioreattore a membrana si hanno risultati favorevoli. Indicando tale sistema come una soluzione efficiente e stabile che può essere applicata nella nitrificazione di acque reflue contenenti un’alta concentrazione di azoto ammoniacale. L’integrazione di un sistema MBR con un’osmosi inversa ha, altresì, dimostrato miglioramenti ulteriori della qualità dell'acqua trattata; dimostrando di fornire un’alta reiezione di nitrato come di cloruri e di solfati ad alta concentrazione iniziale come nel caso in esame e di poter essere la soluzione impiantistica per alleggerire il carico ammoniacale al settore biologico e allo stesso tempo recuperare acqua riducendo la necessità di emungimento da pozzi artesiani. L’azienda verificherà mediante l’attività di testing la reale fattibilità in termini di potenziale miglioramento di depurazione, costi operativi e semplicità di gestione attraverso l’implementazione di impianti pilota sia sulla tecnologia analizzata (MBR+RO) sia su un processo MBBR di tipo ibrido fango attivo/biomassa adesa.

Study of recycled Rap and Ra as alternative aggregates for pavements' sub-base and base

Nowadays, an important world’s population growth forecast establish that an increase of 2 billion people is expected by 2050. (UN,2019). This increment of people worldwide involves more humans, as well as growth of the demand for the construction of new residential, institutional, industrial, and infrastructural areas, prompting to a higher consumption of natural resources as required for construction materials. In addition, an effect of this population growth is the production and accumulation of waste causing a serious environmental and economic issue around the world. As an alternative to just producing more waste at the final stage of a building, house, road, among other concrete-based structures, adequate techniques must be applied for recycling and reusing these potential materials. The main priority of the thesis is to foment and evaluate the sustainable construction work leading to environmental-friendly actions that promote the reuse and recycling of construction waste, focusing on the use of construction recycled construction materials as an alternative for sub-base and base of road structure application. This thesis is committed to the analysis of the several laboratory tests carried out for achieving the physical-mechanical properties of the studied materials (recycled concrete aggregates + reclaimed asphalt pavement (RCA+RAP) and stabilized crushed sleepers). All these tests have been carried out in the Laboratory of Roads from the University of Bologna and in the experimental site in CAR srl., at Imola. The results are reported in tables, graphs, and are discussed. The mechanical properties values obtained from the laboratory tests are analysed and compared with standard values declared in the Italian and European normative for roads construction and to the results obtained from in-situ tests in the experimentation field (CAR srl in Imola) with the same materials. This to analyse the performance of them under natural conditions.

Cervical Spine Involvement In Rheumatoid Arthritis--a Systematic Review.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic chronic inflammatory disorder that can compromise the cervical spine in up to 80% of the cases. The most common radiological presentations of cervical involvement are atlantoaxial subluxation (AAS), cranial settling and subaxial subluxation (SAS). We performed a systematic review in the PubMed Database of articles published later 2005 to evaluate the prevalence, progression and risk factors for cervical spine involvement in RA patients. Articles were classified according to their level of evidence. Our literature review reported a wide range in the prevalence of cervical spine disease, probably explained by the different studied populations and disease characteristics. Uncontrolled RA is probably the main risk factor for developing a spinal instability. Adequate treatment with DMARD and BA can prevent development of cervical instabilities but did not avoid progression of a pre-existing injury. MRI is the best radiological method for diagnosis cervical spine involvement. AAS is the most common form of RA. Long term radiological follow-up is necessary to diagnosis patients with late instabilities and monitoring progression of diagnosed injuries.

Corrosion Kinetics And Topography Analysis Of Ti-6al-4v Alloy Subjected To Different Mouthwash Solutions.

This study evaluated the corrosion kinetics and surface topography of Ti-6Al-4V alloy exposed to mouthwash solutions (0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate, 0.053% cetylpyridinium chloride and 3% hydrogen peroxide) compared to artificial saliva (pH6.5) (control). Twenty Ti-6Al-4V alloy disks were used and divided into 4 groups (n=5). For the electrochemical assay, standard tests as open circuit potential and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were applied at baseline, 7 and 14days after immersion in the solutions. Scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and profilometry (average roughness - Ra) were used for surface characterization. Total weight loss of disks was calculated. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Bonferroni's test (α=0.05). Hydrogen peroxide generated the lowest polarization resistance (Rp) values for all periods (P<0.05). For the capacitance (Cdl), similar results were observed among groups at baseline (P=0.098). For the 7 and 14-day periods, hydrogen peroxide promoted the highest Cdl values (P<0.0001). Hydrogen peroxide promoted expressive superficial changes and greater Ra values than the others (P<0.0001). It could be concluded that solutions containing cetylpyridinium chloride and chlorhexidine digluconate might be the mouthwashes of choice during the post-operatory period of dental implants. However, hydrogen peroxide is counter-indicated in these situations. Further studies evaluating the dynamics of these solutions (tribocorrosion) and immersing the disks in daily cycles (two or three times a day) to mimic a clinical situation closest to the application of mouthwashes in the oral cavity are warranted to prove our results.

Effect Of Sodium Hypochlorite And Peracetic Acid On The Surface Roughness Of Acrylic Resin Polymerized By Heated Water For Short And Long Cycles.

To evaluate the surface roughness of acrylic resin submitted to chemical disinfection via 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) or 1% peracetic acid (C2H4O3). The disc-shaped resin specimens (30 mm diameter ×4 mm height) were polymerized by heated water using two cycles (short cycle: 1 h at 74°C and 30 min at 100°C; conventional long cycle: 9 h at 74°C). The release of substances by these specimens in water solution was also quantified. Specimens were fabricated, divided into four groups (n = 10) depending on the polymerization time and disinfectant. After polishing, the specimens were stored in distilled deionized water. Specimens were immersed in 1% NaClO or 1% C2H4O3 for 30 min, and then were immersed in distilled deionized water for 20 min. The release of C2H4O3 and NaClO was measured via visual colorimetric analysis. Roughness was measured before and after disinfection. Roughness data were subjected to two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. There was no interaction between polymerization time and disinfectant in influencing the average surface roughness (Ra, P = 0.957). Considering these factors independently, there were significant differences between short and conventional long cycles (P = 0.012), but no significant difference between the disinfectants hypochlorite and C2H4O3 (P = 0.366). Visual colorimetric analysis did not detect release of substances. It was concluded that there was the difference in surface roughness between short and conventional long cycles, and disinfection at acrylic resins polymerized by heated water using a short cycle modified the properties of roughness.

[demographic And Clinical Features Of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis In Piauí, Brazil--evaluation Of 98 Patients].

Brazilian epidemiological studies on rheumatoid arthritis are scarce, mainly in the northeast; thus many data currently available originate from the international literature. To describe demographic, clinical and serological characteristics of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) followed-up by the same physician, in state of Piauí, Brazil. Data were collected between August 2010 and March 2013, in three health services of Piauí that provided health care in Rheumatology: a university-affiliated hospital, a public outpatient clinic and a private clinic. The numbers represent mean ± SD or percentage: 47.5±11.03 years-old non-Caucasian woman, non-smoker (59.2%), low educational level, mean disease duration of 7.7 years ± 7.6, and major extra-articular manifestations were rheumatoid nodules (19.4%) and sicca syndrome (46.9%). Features of rheumatoid arthritis obtained in this study are similar to those found in some national and international studies, but we observed higher female preponderance and illiteracy rate, in addition to a moderately severe erosive disease on average, with frequent sicca and other extra-articular manifestations.