Impact on assertivity of a social skills training with adolescents suffering from psychotic or anxiety/mood disorders: An exploratory study

During adolescence numerous of important social abilities are acquired within interactions with peers. Severe psychiatric disorders interfere with the acquisition of these social skills. For example, due to excessive shyness, adolescents with psychiatric disorders may not experiment positive social interactions. Social skills training (SKT) may help adolescents to remediate to these diffi culties. This exploratory study aims to assess the SKT's effect on assertivity, in a population of adolescents presenting psychiatric disorder and attending a day care unit for adolescents. The SKT, delivered in group, deals with different themes such as contact, conversation, problem solving, confl ict, fail, success, learning, effort, separation, breakdown, and project. In this context, 38 adolescents (19 suffering from anxiety / mood disorder and 19 suffering from psychotic disorder) rate their level of assertivity before and after a SKT with the Rathus assertivity scale. This scale allows to differentiate between inhibited, assertive and assertiveaggressive adolescents. Results showed a general improvement on assertivity after the SKT. More specifi cally, adolescents suffering from anxiety disorder and the 'inhibited' adolescents showed the higher benefi t from the SKT. Thus, two hours per week of SKT seems to enhance social abilities in a population with severe psychiatric disorders. More specifi - cally, adolescents with anxiety / mood disorders reported more benefi ts of the SKT on their assertivity. Nevertheless, adolescents with psychotic disorders did not report strong benefi ts from the SKT despite the improvement observed at a clinical level. This observation raises questions about the usefulness of self-reported questionnaire to measure such benefi t for adolescents with psychosis.

Spatial relational learning and memory abilities do not differ between men and women in a real-world, open-field environment

This study assesses gender differences in spatial and non-spatial relational learning and memory in adult humans behaving freely in a real-world, open-field environment. In Experiment 1, we tested the use of proximal landmarks as conditional cues allowing subjects to predict the location of rewards hidden in one of two sets of three distinct locations. Subjects were tested in two different conditions: (1) when local visual cues marked the potentially-rewarded locations, and (2) when no local visual cues marked the potentially-rewarded locations. We found that only 17 of 20 adults (8 males, 9 females) used the proximal landmarks to predict the locations of the rewards. Although females exhibited higher exploratory behavior at the beginning of testing, males and females discriminated the potentially-rewarded locations similarly when local visual cues were present. Interestingly, when the spatial and local information conflicted in predicting the reward locations, males considered both spatial and local information, whereas females ignored the spatial information. However, in the absence of local visual cues females discriminated the potentially-rewarded locations as well as males. In Experiment 2, subjects (9 males, 9 females) were tested with three asymmetrically-arranged rewarded locations, which were marked by local cues on alternate trials. Again, females discriminated the rewarded locations as well as males in the presence or absence of local cues. In sum, although particular aspects of task performance might differ between genders, we found no evidence that women have poorer allocentric spatial relational learning and memory abilities than men in a real-world, open-field environment.

Clinical growth rate of acoustic schwannomas: correlation with the growth fraction as defined by the monoclonal antibody ki-67.

The growth rate of acoustic tumors, although slow, varies widely. There may be a continuous spectrum or distinct groups of tumor growth rates. Clinical, audiologic, and conventional histologic tests have failed to shed any light on this problem. Modern immunohistochemical methods may stand a better chance. The Ki-67 monoclonal antibody stains proliferating cells and is used in this study to investigate the growth fraction of 13 skull base schwannomas. The acoustic tumors can be divided into two different growth groups, one with a rate five times the other. The literature is reviewed to see if this differentiation is borne out by the radiologic studies. Distinct growth rates have been reported: one very slow, taking 50 years to reach 1 cm in diameter, a second rate with a diameter increase of 0.2 cm/year, and a third rate five times the second, with a 1.0 cm increase in diameter per year. A fourth group growing at 2.5 cm/year is postulated, but these tumors cannot be followed for long radiologically, since symptoms demand surgical intervention. The clinical implications of these separate growth rates are discussed.

Författningsändring och problemlösning: en studie av kvalificerade majoriteter i 34 stater

Abstract: Constitutional amendment and problem-solving: supermajorities in 34 states.

Remote collaborative multi-user informal learning experiences: design and evaluation

This paper presents a customizable system used to develop a collaborative multi-user problem solving game. It addresses the increasing demand for appealing informal learning experiences in museum-like settings. The system facilitates remote collaboration by allowing groups of learners tocommunicate through a videoconferencing system and by allowing them to simultaneously interact through a shared multi-touch interactive surface. A user study with 20 user groups indicates that the game facilitates collaboration between local and remote groups of learners. The videoconference and multitouch surface acted as communication channels, attracted students’ interest, facilitated engagement, and promoted inter- and intra-group collaboration—favoring intra-group collaboration. Our findings suggest that augmentingvideoconferencing systems with a shared multitouch space offers newpossibilities and scenarios for remote collaborative environments and collaborative learning.

Functional remediation for bipolar disorder

Neurocognitive impairment constitutes a core feature of bipolar illness. The main domains affected are verbal memory, attention, and executive functions. Deficits in these areas as well as difficulties to get functional remission seem to be increased associated with illness progression. Several studies have found a strong relationship between neurocognitive impairment and low functioning in bipolar disorder, as previously reported in other illnesses such as schizophrenia. Cognitive remediation strategies, adapted from work conducted with traumatic brain injury patients and applied to patients with schizophrenia, also need to be adapted to individuals with bipolar disorders. Early intervention using functional remediation, involves neurocognitive techniques and training, but also psychoeducation on cognition-related issues and problem-solving within an ecological framework.

Reduced left hemisphere dominance for multiple versus single anagram solutions and its modulation by individuals' schizotypy

Problem solving (including insight, divergent thinking) seems to rely on the right hemisphere (RH). These functions are difficult to assess behaviorally. We propose anagram resolution as a suitable paradigm. University students (n=32) performed three tachistoscopic lateralized visual half-field experiments (stimulus presentation 150ms). In Experiment 1, participants recalled four-letter strings. Subsequently, participants provided solutions for four-letter anagrams (one solution in Experiment 2; two solutions in Experiment 3). Additionally, participants completed a schizotypy questionnaire (O-LIFE). Results showed a right visual field advantage in Experiment 1 and 2, but no visual field advantage in Experiment 3. In Experiment 1, increasing positive schizotypy associated with a RH performance shift. Problem solving seems to require increasingly the RH when facing several rather than one solution. This result supports previous studies on the RH's role in remote associative, metaphor and discourse processing. The more complex language requirements, the less personality traits seem to matter.

CIRAS News Annual Report 2000, January 3, 2001

CIRAS professionals, the equipment they use to do their jobs, and the latest in technical support equipment. With these investments, CIRAS continues to meet the needs of Iowa manufacturers, whether in doing routine problem solving, long-range planning, or transferring newer technologies. In all of its services, but most notably in product development projects, one of the strengths of CIRAS lies in bringing ISU students into the picture, both to help reach project goals and as real-job learning experiences for the students.

CIRAS News Annual Report 2001, January 3, 2001

CIRAS professionals, the equipment they use to do their jobs, and the latest in technical support equipment. With these investments, CIRAS continues to meet the needs of Iowa manufacturers, whether in doing routine problem solving, long-range planning, or transferring newer technologies. In all of its services, but most notably in product development projects, one of the strengths of CIRAS lies in bringing ISU students into the picture, both to help reach project goals and as real-job learning experiences for the students.

CIRAS News Annual Report 2002, January 3, 2001

CIRAS professionals, the equipment they use to do their jobs, and the latest in technical support equipment. With these investments, CIRAS continues to meet the needs of Iowa manufacturers, whether in doing routine problem solving, long-range planning, or transferring newer technologies. In all of its services, but most notably in product development projects, one of the strengths of CIRAS lies in bringing ISU students into the picture, both to help reach project goals and as real-job learning experiences for the students.

CIRAS News Annual Report 2003, January 5, 2004

CIRAS professionals, the equipment they use to do their jobs, and the latest in technical support equipment. With these investments, CIRAS continues to meet the needs of Iowa manufacturers, whether in doing routine problem solving, long-range planning, or transferring newer technologies. In all of its services, but most notably in product development projects, one of the strengths of CIRAS lies in bringing ISU students into the picture, both to help reach project goals and as real-job learning experiences for the students.

CIRAS News Annual Report 2004, November 29, 2004

CIRAS professionals, the equipment they use to do their jobs, and the latest in technical support equipment. With these investments, CIRAS continues to meet the needs of Iowa manufacturers, whether in doing routine problem solving, long-range planning, or transferring newer technologies. In all of its services, but most notably in product development projects, one of the strengths of CIRAS lies in bringing ISU students into the picture, both to help reach project goals and as real-job learning experiences for the students.

CIRAS News Annual Report 2005, October 21, 2005

CIRAS professionals, the equipment they use to do their jobs, and the latest in technical support equipment. With these investments, CIRAS continues to meet the needs of Iowa manufacturers, whether in doing routine problem solving, long-range planning, or transferring newer technologies. In all of its services, but most notably in product development projects, one of the strengths of CIRAS lies in bringing ISU students into the picture, both to help reach project goals and as real-job learning experiences for the students.

CIRAS News Annual Report 2006, September 4, 2007

CIRAS professionals, the equipment they use to do their jobs, and the latest in technical support equipment. With these investments, CIRAS continues to meet the needs of Iowa manufacturers, whether in doing routine problem solving, long-range planning, or transferring newer technologies. In all of its services, but most notably in product development projects, one of the strengths of CIRAS lies in bringing ISU students into the picture, both to help reach project goals and as real-job learning experiences for the students.