Barriers to reporting child maltreatment: do emergency medical services professionals fully understand their role as mandatory reporters?

BACKGROUND: Child maltreatment is underreported in the United States and in North Carolina. In North Carolina and other states, mandatory reporting laws require various professionals to make reports, thereby helping to reduce underreporting of child maltreatment. This study aims to understand why emergency medical services (EMS) professionals may fail to report suspicions of maltreatment despite mandatory reporting policies. METHODS: A web-based, anonymous, voluntary survey of EMS professionals in North Carolina was used to assess knowledge of their agency's written protocols and potential reasons for underreporting suspicion of maltreatment (n=444). Results were based on descriptive statistics. Responses of line staff and leadership personnel were compared using chi-square analysis. RESULTS: Thirty-eight percent of respondents were unaware of their agency's written protocols regarding reporting of child maltreatment. Additionally, 25% of EMS professionals who knew of their agency's protocol incorrectly believed that the report should be filed by someone other than the person with firsthand knowledge of the suspected maltreatment. Leadership personnel generally understood reporting requirements better than did line staff. Respondents indicated that peers may fail to report maltreatment for several reasons: they believe another authority would file the report, including the hospital (52.3%) or law enforcement (27.7%); they are uncertain whether they had witnessed abuse (47.7%); and they are uncertain about what should be reported (41.4%). LIMITATIONS: This survey may not generalize to all EMS professionals in North Carolina. CONCLUSIONS: Training opportunities for EMS professionals that address proper identification and reporting of child maltreatment, as well as cross-agency information sharing, are warranted.

Understandings of transnational families in debates on Migration and development

International migration sets in motion a range of significant transnational processes that connect countries and people. How migration interacts with development and how policies might promote and enhance such interactions have, since the turn of the millennium, gained attention on the international agenda. The recognition that transnational practices connect migrants and their families across sending and receiving societies forms part of this debate. The ways in which policy debate employs and understands transnational family ties nevertheless remain underexplored. This article sets out to discern the understandings of the family in two (often intermingled) debates concerned with transnational interactions: The largely state and policydriven discourse on the potential benefits of migration on economic development, and the largely academic transnational family literature focusing on issues of care and the micro-politics of gender and generation. Emphasizing the relation between diverse migration-development dynamics and specific family positions, we ask whether an analytical point of departure in respective transnational motherhood, fatherhood or childhood is linked to emphasizing certain outcomes. We conclude by sketching important strands of inclusions and exclusions of family matters in policy discourse and suggest ways to better integrate a transnational family perspective in global migration-development policy.

Annual report 1985-1986

This report summarizes the Commission's activities during the fiscal year which included accomplishments for FY 85-86, History and Organization of the Health and Human Services Finance Commission , Summary of Law/statutory authority, commission advisory committee, Medical Care Advisory Committee, Statewide Health Coordinating Council, management organization chart, and financial Statement for FY85-86.

Annual report 1986-1987

This report summarizes the Commission's activities during the fiscal year which included accomplishments for FY 85-86, History and Organization of the Health and Human Services Finance Commission , Summary of Law/statutory authority, commission advisory committee, Medical Care Advisory Committee, Statewide Health Coordinating Council, organizational chart, and financial Statement for FY86-87.

Annual report 1987-1988

This report summarizes the Commission's activities during the fiscal year which included accomplishments for FY 87-88, History and Organization of the Health and Human Services Finance Commission , Summary of Law/statutory authority, commission advisory committee, Medical Care Advisory Committee, Statewide Health Coordinating Council, management organization chart, and financial Statement for FY87-88.

Annual report 1988-1989

This report summarizes the Commission's activities during the fiscal year which included accomplishments for FY 88-89, History and Organization of the Health and Human Services Finance Commission , Summary of Law/statutory authority, commission advisory committee, Medical Care Advisory Committee, Statewide Health Coordinating Council, management organization chart, and year-end expenditure report.

Annual report 1989-1990

This report summarizes the Commission's activities during the fiscal year which included accomplishments for FY 89-90, History and Organization of the Health and Human Services Finance Commission , Summary of Law/statutory authority, commission advisory committee, Medical Care Advisory Committee, Statewide Health Coordinating Council, management organization chart, and financial Statement for FY 89-90.

Annual report 1990-1991

This report summarizes the Commission's activities during the fiscal year which included accomplishments for FY 90-91, History and Organization of the Health and Human Services Finance Commission , Summary of Law/statutory authority, commission advisory committee, Medical Care Advisory Committee, Statewide Health Coordinating Council, management organization chart, and expenditure report.

Annual report 1991-1992

This report summarizes the Commission's activities during the fiscal year which included accomplishments for FY 91-92, History and Organization of the Health and Human Services Finance Commission , Summary of Law/statutory authority, commission advisory committee, Medical Care Advisory Committee, Statewide Health Coordinating Council, management organization chart, and expenditure report.

Annual report 1992-1993

This report summarizes the Commission's activities during the fiscal year which included accomplishments for FY 92-93, History and Organization of the Health and Human Services Finance Commission , Summary of Law/statutory authority, commission advisory committee, Medical Care Advisory Committee, Statewide Health Coordinating Council, management organization chart, and expenditure report.

Annual report 1993-1994

This report summarizes the Commission's activities during the fiscal year which included accomplishments for FY 93-94, History and Organization of the Health and Human Services Finance Commission , Summary of Law/statutory authority, commission advisory committee, Medical Care Advisory Committee, Statewide Health Coordinating Council, management organization chart, and expenditure report.

Primary Care Service Areas in South Carolina

This project was developed in collaboration with the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control Primary Care Office in order to identify primary care market areas and resources within South Carolina. Primary Care Service Areas are designed to identify small geographic areas that are relatively self-contained markets for primary care. Included is a map and listing for Primary Care Service Areas in the state.

Fifty-Seventh Annual Report of the Public Service Commission of South Carolina 1934-35

Each year the South Carolina Public Service Commission reports to the Governor a report that includes the year's record of railroads, rates, telephone, gas, electrical and water utilities. A list of railroads and utilities and their officers is included as well as income derived.

Resources of the southern fields and forests, medical, economical, and agricultural : being also a medical botany of the Confederate States; with practical information on the useful properties of the trees, plants and shrubs /

RBC donor (copy 2): Ernest Haywood Collection.

MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA Annual Report 1978-1979

Each year the Medical University of South Carolina produces an annual accountability report for the South Carolina General Assembly and the Budget and Control Board. Included is an executive summary, agency discussion and analysis, and strategic planning documents.