Les champignons d'après nature;

Mode of access: Internet.

Die essbaren schwämme des Oesterreichischen kaiserstaates.

Mode of access: Internet.

Eerst weten--dan eten. Een inleiding tot de studie der paddestoelen,

Title vignette.

D:r M. A. Lindblads Svampbok, bearb. af Lars Romell, jämte anvisningar om svampars insamling, förwring och anrättning,

Plates separate in case.

Tableaux synoptiques des champignons comestibles et vénéneux,

Mode of access: Internet.

Unsere giftpilze und ihre essbaren doppelgänger,

Descriptive text on versos facing plates.

Unsere speisepilze. Auswahl der häufigeren und wichtigeren markt- und liebhaberpilze,

Descriptive text on versos facing plates.

Die wichtigsten speisepilze, nach der natur gemalt und beschrieben,

Mode of access: Internet.

Avaliação do extrato do fungo caripia montagnei e de agonistas de PPAR - α no processo inflamatório

The mushrooms have been object of intense research in view of its potential raising of application in different sectors of the pharmacology and alimentary industry. Among diverse bioactive composites of polyssacharides nature that exist in the fungus the glucans are much searched. These are polymers of glucose and classified as the type of glicosidic linking [α, β]. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), ranscription factors belonging to the family of nuclear receptors that bind themselves o specific agonists, have shown their importance in controlling the inflammatory process. The aim of this study was to perform a chemical characterization of extract rom the mushroom Caripia montagnei, assess its antiinflammatory and antibacterial effect and determine if this effect occurs via PPAR. This mushroom is composed of carbohydrates (63.3±4.1%), lipids (21.4l±0.9%) and proteins (2.2± 0.3%). The aqueous solution resulting from the fractionation contained carbohydrates (98.7±3.3%) and protein (1.3±0.25%). Analyses of infrared spectrophotometry and of nuclear magnetic esonance demonstrated that the extract of mushroom C. montagnei is rich in β-glucans. In hioglycolate-induced peritonitis, the C. montagnei glucans (50 mg/kg) educed the inflammatory process in 65.5±5.2% and agonists, pharmacological igands, for PPAR: Wy-14643 (49.3±6.1%), PFOA (48.9±3.8%) and clofibrate in 45.2±3.2%. Sodium diclofenac showed a reduction of 81.65±0.6%. In the plantar edema, the glucans from C. montagnei (50 mg/kg) and L-NAME reduced the edema to a similar degree 91.4±0.3% and 92.8±0,5 %, respectively. In all the groups tested, nitric oxide (NO), an inflammation mediator, showed a significant reduction in the nitrate/nitrite levels when compared to the positive control (P<0.001). The C. montagnei glucans did not show cytotoxicity in the concentrations tested (2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0 and 40.0 µg/100 µL). Antibacterial activity demonstrated that, unlike total extract, there was no inhibition of bacterial growth. The C. montagnei glucans show great potential for antiinflammatory applications. This effect suggests that it is mediated by PPAR activation and by COX and iNOS inhibition

Community and hyperlocal journalism: a 'sustainable' model?

In the journalistic ‘field,’ very local news is like a wild pasture—metaphorically speaking. It grows organically, but can be cultivated in certain conditions and harvested for profit. Its diversity and social importance make it a key part of the wider ecology of news (Phillips, 2015). However, across the globe, traditional media companies with interests in this patch are slashing and burning—cutting costs, centralizing production, or even closing down operations. Small start-up news providers are popping up like field mushrooms in their place, wherever conditions seem fertile. And there are also ‘hyperlocal’ and ‘community’ publications more interested in local news subsistence than in making money. This chapter outlines the broad set of economic approaches that have been applied to support community, hyperlocal, and local news and their benefits given the technical, industrial, and cultural changes taking place in the field. We argue the keys to a sustainable future are embracing their diversity and cultivating their ‘niche’: localness.

Douradinha: erva tóxica em pastagens.

1970