Executive Order Number Sixteen, May 10, 1985

Establish the Iowa Governor's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports and meet certain objectives.

Executive Order Number Seventeen, May 10, 1985

Create an Iowa Partnership for Economic Progress.

Executive Order Number Eighteen, July 9, 1985

Create a Telecommunication and Information Management Council.

Executive Order Number Nineteen, September 18, 1985

Order a 3.85% reduction in appropriations.

Executive Order Number Twenty, October 1, 1985

Declare that a state of economic emergency exists.

Executive Order Number Twenty One, December 24, 1985

Rename Iowa Refugee Service Center as Bureau of Refugee Programs and place it administratively in the Department of Human Services.

What do women do? World population growth and fertility patterns, 1960-2000

In this paper we attempt to describe the general picture reasons behind the world population explosion during the 20th century. In general we comment that if, according to some, at the end of the 20th century there were too many people, this was has a consequence of scientific innovation, circulation of information, and economic growth, leading to a dramatic improvement in life expectancies. Nevertheless, a crucial variable shaping differences in demographic growth is fertility. In this paper we identify as important exogenous variables affecting fertility female education levels, infant mortality, and racial identity and diversity. It is estimated that three additional years of schooling for mothers leads on average (at the world level ) to one child less per couple. Even if we can identify a worldwide trend towards convergence in demographic trends, the African case needs to be given more attention, not only because of its different demographic patterns, but also because this is the continent where the worldwide movement towards a higher quality of life has not yet been achieved for an important share of the world's population.

Professori L.E. Taxell 5/6 1960

Kirje 5.6.1960

Suomen Voimisteluliiton Puheenjohtaja 9/9 1960

Kirje

Maisteri Raoul Palmgren 15/9 1960

Kirje 15.9.1960

Högt Ärade Herr Ministerrädsordförande 7.11.1960

Kirje

Päätoimittaja Arvo Tuominen 7/9 1960

Kirje

Trade, Extent of the Market, and Economic Growth 1960-1996

We find that trade and domestic market size are robust determinants of economic growth over the 1960-1996 period when trade openness is measured as the US dollar value of imports and exports relative to GDP in PPP US$ ('real openness'). When trade openness is measured as the US dollar value of imports and exports relative to GDP in exchange rate US$ ('nominal openness') however, trade and the size of domestic markets are often non-robust determinants of growth. We argue that real openness is the more appropriate measure of trade and that our empirical results should be seen as evidence in favor of the extent-of-the-market hypothesis.