Gleevec, an Abl family inhibitor, produces a profound change in cell shape and migration (in press)

The issue of how contractility and adhesion are related to cell shape and migration pattern remains largely unresolved. In this paper we report that Gleevec (Imatinib), an Abl family kinase inhibitor, produces a profound change in the shape and migration of rat bladder tumor cells (NBTII) plated on collagen-coated substrates. Cells treated with Gleevec adopt a highly spread D-shape and migrate more rapidly with greater persistence. Accompanying this more spread state is an increase in integrin-mediated adhesion coupled with increases in the size and number of discrete adhesions. In addition, both total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) and interference reflection microscopy (IRM) revealed a band of small punctate adhesions with rapid turnover near the cell leading margin. These changes led to an increase in global cell-substrate adhesion strength, as assessed by laminar flow experiments. Gleevec-treated cells have greater RhoA activity which, via myosin activation, led to an increase in the magnitude of total traction force applied to the substrate. These chemical and physical alterations upon Gleevec treatment produce the dramatic change in morphology and migration that is observed.

Worldwide trends in diabetes since 1980: a pooled analysis of 751 population-based studies with 4.4 million participants.

One of the global targets for non-communicable diseases is to halt, by 2025, the rise in the age-standardised adult prevalence of diabetes at its 2010 levels. We aimed to estimate worldwide trends in diabetes, how likely it is for countries to achieve the global target, and how changes in prevalence, together with population growth and ageing, are affecting the number of adults with diabetes. We pooled data from population-based studies that had collected data on diabetes through measurement of its biomarkers. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in diabetes prevalence-defined as fasting plasma glucose of 7.0 mmol/L or higher, or history of diagnosis with diabetes, or use of insulin or oral hypoglycaemic drugs-in 200 countries and territories in 21 regions, by sex and from 1980 to 2014. We also calculated the posterior probability of meeting the global diabetes target if post-2000 trends continue. We used data from 751 studies including 4,372,000 adults from 146 of the 200 countries we make estimates for. Global age-standardised diabetes prevalence increased from 4.3% (95% credible interval 2.4-7.0) in 1980 to 9.0% (7.2-11.1) in 2014 in men, and from 5.0% (2.9-7.9) to 7.9% (6.4-9.7) in women. The number of adults with diabetes in the world increased from 108 million in 1980 to 422 million in 2014 (28.5% due to the rise in prevalence, 39.7% due to population growth and ageing, and 31.8% due to interaction of these two factors). Age-standardised adult diabetes prevalence in 2014 was lowest in northwestern Europe, and highest in Polynesia and Micronesia, at nearly 25%, followed by Melanesia and the Middle East and north Africa. Between 1980 and 2014 there was little change in age-standardised diabetes prevalence in adult women in continental western Europe, although crude prevalence rose because of ageing of the population. By contrast, age-standardised adult prevalence rose by 15 percentage points in men and women in Polynesia and Micronesia. In 2014, American Samoa had the highest national prevalence of diabetes (>30% in both sexes), with age-standardised adult prevalence also higher than 25% in some other islands in Polynesia and Micronesia. If post-2000 trends continue, the probability of meeting the global target of halting the rise in the prevalence of diabetes by 2025 at the 2010 level worldwide is lower than 1% for men and is 1% for women. Only nine countries for men and 29 countries for women, mostly in western Europe, have a 50% or higher probability of meeting the global target. Since 1980, age-standardised diabetes prevalence in adults has increased, or at best remained unchanged, in every country. Together with population growth and ageing, this rise has led to a near quadrupling of the number of adults with diabetes worldwide. The burden of diabetes, both in terms of prevalence and number of adults affected, has increased faster in low-income and middle-income countries than in high-income countries. Wellcome Trust.

BD-US: les comics vus par l'Europe

Cet ouvrage réunit des spécialistes de l'étude de la bande dessinée qui proposent une série d'éclairages sur la manière dont les productions culturelles européennes ont diffusé, exploité, reformulé ou détourné l'imaginaire et le langage des comics venus d'outre-Atlantique. L'approche se veut résolument comparative, interculturelle et intermédiale : les chercheurs abordent autant Edgar P. Jacobs ou les récents albums de Serge Lehman que les séries TV de science-fiction britanniques ou les films d'Alain Resnais, et se proposent d'interroger la réception et les réappropriations de motifs et genres populaires situés au croisement d'influences et de références diverses. La production américaine est ainsi discutée dans toute sa richesse, des super-héros à l'underground, à travers des (re)lectures proposées en Europe.

Palavien nesteiden varastosäiliön lupa- ja tarkastusasiat

Tämän insinöörityön tavoitteena oli tehdä Neste Jacobs Oy:lle suuntaa antava ohje palavien nesteiden varastosäiliöiden lupa- ja tarkastusasioista. Ensimmäiseksi selvitimme Neste Jacobsin kanssa sopivan varastosäiliön, jota käytin esimerkkitapauksena insinöörityössäni. Työssä käytettäväksi esimerkki varastosäiliöksi valittiin Neste Oil Oy:n kilpilahden jalostamon biodiesel- yksikön tuotesäiliö K-30. Työn alkuosassa käsitellään palavien nesteiden varastoinnissa ja varastosäiliöiden suunnittelussa ja rakentamisessa noudatettavia lakeja, asetuksia, päätöksiä ja standardeja. Niiden käsittely on pyritty toteuttamaan siinä laajuudessa kuin se on tarpeellista insinöörityön kannalta. Työn jälkimmäisessä osassa käsitellään palavien nesteiden varastosäiliön lupa- ja tarkastusasioita K-30-säiliön osalta. Insinöörityön tietolähteinä käytettiin pääasiallisesti kirjallisuutta ja internetsivuilta löytyviä verkkodokumentteja sekä Neste Oil Oy:n omilta intranetsivuilla olevaa materiaalia. Insinöörityössä on pyritty käsittelemään asiat ajallisesti siinä järjestyksessä niin kuin ne on toteutettu K-30-varastosäiliön rakentamisessa. Työssä on käsitelty jokaista tarkastusta erikseen ja liitteistä löytyy kutakin tarkastusta koskevat tarkastuspöytäkirjat sekä lupahakemukset.

Estudio de alta resolución de las fallas activas y procesos sedimentarios asociados al Cañón de São Vicente, margen Sudoeste de Iberia

The Southwest Iberian Margin is caracterized by an intense and diffuse seismic activity due to the convergence between Eurasian and African plates...

Hvem styrde hit din väg, op. 97, nro 6 [!]

Soitinnus: lauluääni, piano.

Degradação fotoeletroquímica do corante azul QR 19 em solução aquosa

In this work the degradation capacity of a photo-electrocatalytic system was evaluated, mainly regarding the effect of the electrolyte solution on the degradation capacity toward a reactive textile dye. In the presence of NaCl the photo-electrochemical process shows high degradation efficiency, permitting almost total color removal in treatment of about 5 min. In view of the low degradation efficiency observed for the photocatalytic process it is possible to assume that the high degradation efficiency of the process is a function of electrochemical generation of oxidant active chlorine species, which are subsequently transformed to higher oxidant radical forms.

A Theoretical investigation of a potential high energy density compound 3,6,7,8-tetranitro-3,6,7,8-tetraaza-tricyclo[3.1.1.1(2,4)]octane

The B3LYP/6-31G (d) density functional theory (DFT) method was used to study molecular geometry, electronic structure, infrared spectrum (IR) and thermodynamic properties. Heat of formation (HOF) and calculated density were estimated to evaluate detonation properties using Kamlet-Jacobs equations. Thermal stability of 3,6,7,8-tetranitro-3,6,7,8-tetraaza-tricyclo [3.1.1.1(2,4)]octane (TTTO) was investigated by calculating bond dissociation energy (BDE) at the unrestricted B3LYP/6-31G(d) level. Results showed the N-NO2 bond is a trigger bond during the thermolysis initiation process. The crystal structure obtained by molecular mechanics (MM) methods belongs to P2(1)/C space group, with cell parameters a = 8.239 Å, b = 8.079 Å, c = 16.860 Å, Z = 4 and r = 1.922 g cm-3. Both detonation velocity of 9.79 km s-1 and detonation pressure of 44.22 GPa performed similarly to CL-20. According to the quantitative standards of energetics and stability, TTTO essentially satisfies this requirement as a high energy density compound (HEDC).

Tiaisista on moneksi

Kirjallisuusarvostelu

Dft theoretical study of energetic nitrogen-rich C4N6H8-n(NO2)n derivatives

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G** theoretical level were performed for a series of guanidine-fused bicyclic skeleton derivatives C4N6H8-n(NO2)n (n = 1 - 6). The heats of formation (HOFs) were calculated by isodesmic reactions, and the detonation properties were evaluated using the Kamlet - Jacobs equations. The bond dissociation energies were also analyzed to investigate the thermal stability and sensitivity of the compounds. The results show that all of the derivatives have high positive HOFs, compound G has the highest theoretical density, and compound F1 has the highest detonation velocity and detonation pressure. Considering both the detonation properties and thermal stabilities, compounds D1 and D4 (3 nitro substituents), E1 - E6 (4 nitro substituents), and G (6 nitro substituents) can be regarded as potential candidates for high-energy density materials.

Juomalaulu

Soitinnus: lauluääni, piano.

24+1 kansainvälisten suhteiden perusoppikirjaa : havaintoja ja arvioita

Kirjallisuusarvostelu

Effect of ethephon on hardening of Pachystroma longifolium seedlings

Immediately after planting, tree seedlings face adverse environmental and biotic stresses that must be overcome to ensure survival and to yield a desirable growth. Hardening practices in the nursery may help improve seedling stress resistance through reduction of aboveground plant tissues and increased root volume and biomass. We conducted an assay to quantify changes in the morphogenesis following application of ethephon on seedlings of Pachystroma longifolium (Ness) I. M. Johnst.during hardening. The results showed no effect of the ethephon treatments on the number of leaves but a reduction of up to 50% in seedling height increment, and an increase in stem diameter increment of up to 44% with the 600 mg L-1 ethephon treatment, which consequently altered seedling Dickson Quality Index. Our results indicate that ethephon may help to promote desired morphological changes that occur during seedling hardening in nurseries.

Desenvolvimento de espécies arbóreas nativas em uma área reflorestada do corredor de biodiversidade Santa Maria - PR

Objetivou-se avaliar um plantio de enriquecimento com 12 espécies arbóreas nativas da região, em uma área reflorestada do Corredor de Biodiversidade Santa Maria, localizado entre os Municípios de Santa Terezinha de Itaipu e São Miguel do Iguaçu, no Paraná. Objetivou-se, também, avaliar a persistência da espécie invasora Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) B. K. Simon & S. W. L. Jacobs, conhecido como capim-colonião, e alterações nas características físicas e químicas do solo. As avaliações consistiram no acompanhamento mensal da mortalidade e desenvolvimento das mudas e da massa de matéria seca obtida no manejo do capim-colonião. As alterações promovidas no solo foram verificadas por meio de três coletas de solo ao longo do experimento. A mortalidade alcançou 24,38%, sendo mais acentuada nos dois primeiros meses, janeiro (11,88%) e fevereiro (5,63%). Em relação ao desenvolvimento das mudas, destacaram-se as espécies Aloysia virgata (Ruiz & Pav.) Juss. (lixeira) e Ceiba speciosa (A. St.-Hil.) Ravenna (paineira), com acréscimos mensais em diâmetro de 0,80 mm e 0,60 mm e em altura de 5,80 cm e 1,74 cm, respectivamente. O controle do capim-colonião pela metodologia aplicada foi eficiente, não havendo reincidência considerável ao longo dos meses. Por meio das análises de solo, foi possível observar que a recuperação da área, mesmo que por período curto, mostrou-se eficiente na alteração das características físicas e químicas do solo, podendo ainda levar a novas modificações em decorrência do desenvolvimento das mudas.