The role of presidential advisory systems in US foreign policy-making : the case of the National Security Council and Vietnam, 1953-1961

Doctoral dissertation, University of Joensuu

Investigation of the Loss of Prestress in Prestressed Concrete Beams due to Steam Curing, HR-62, 1961

Mass production of prestressed concrete beams is facilitated by the accelerated curing of the concrete. The ·method most commonly used for this purpose is steam curing at atmospheric pressure. This requires concrete temperatures as high as 150°F. during the curing period. Prestressing facilities in Iowa are located out of doors. This means that during the winter season the forms are set and the steel cables are stressed at temperatures as low as 0°F. The thermal expansion of the prestressing cables should result in a reduction of the stress which was placed in them at the lower temperature. If the stress is reduced in the cables, then the amount of prestress ultimately transferred to the concrete may be less than the amount for which the beam was designed. Research project HR-62 was undertaken to measure and explain the difference between the initial stress placed in the cables and the actual stress which is eventually transferred to the concrete. The project was assigned to the Materials Department Laboratory under the general supervision of the Testing Engineer, Mr. James W. Johnson. A small stress bed complete with steam curing facilities was set up in the laboratory, and prestressed concrete beams were fabricated under closely controlled conditions. Measurements were made to determine the initial stress in the steel and the final stress in the concrete. The results of these tests indicate that there is a general loss of prestressing force in excess of that caused by elastic shortening of the concrete. The exact amount of the loss and the identification of the factors involved could not be determined from this limited investigation.

Els llibres de text de matemàtiques en llengua catalana durant el periode 1899-1938

Les investigacions que tracten d'una manera sistematica l'estudi deis llibres de text de matematiques antics són escasses. Hi ha un projecte internacional ambiciós sobre I'analisi comparativa deis manual s més significatius deis diferents pa'isos europeus deis segles XVIII i XIX. Si ens cenyim a l'Estat espanyol, s'estan realitzant investigacions sobre els programes i textos matematics corresponents a l'ensenyament secundari del segle XIX. Tot i així, manquen estudis que facin referencia a I'ensenyament primari i a I'ensenyament professional, i ens trobem que on hi ha més mancana és en la labor de base, és a dir, en la recopilació completa i l'analisi deis textos. Aquesta labor es troba aturada per la dificultat de poder accedir a aquest material.

Geògrafs: regeneracionisme i divisió del territori (1879-1899)

Després d'haver fet inviable qualsevol alternativa federal i un cop passats uns anys d'estabilització del nou regim alfonsí, la burgesia oligarquica es va sentir amb forces per iniciar un període de reformes que per fi la dotés d'una Administració territorial convenient als seus interessos. Des de 1879 fins a la meitat de la decada següent, s'inicia un període de relatiu optimisme en el que fa referencia a les reformes de !'Estat, fet que, com podrem observar, contrastara amb el sentiment fatalista de la dkcada de 1890, agreujat per la perdua de les colonies.

Dynamics of Highway Bridges, HR-67, 1961

The AASHO specifications for highway bridges require that in designing a bridge, the live load must be multiplied by an impact factor for which a formula is given, dependent only upon the length of the bridge. This formula is a result of August Wohler's tests on fatigue in metals, in which he determined that metals which are subjected to large alternating loads will ultimately fail at lower stresses than those which are subjected only to continuous static loads. It is felt by some investigators that this present impact factor is not realistic, and it is suggested that a consideration of the increased stress due to vibrations caused by vehicles traversing the span would result in a more realistic impact factor than now exists. Since the current highway program requires a large number of bridges to be built, the need for data on dynamic behavior of bridges is apparent. Much excellent material has already been gathered on the subject, but many questions remain unanswered. This work is designed to investigate further a specific corner of that subject, and it is hoped that some useful light may be shed on the subject. Specifically this study hopes to correlate, by experiment on a small scale test bridge, the upper limits of impact utilizing a stationary, oscillating load to represent axle loads moving past a given point. The experiments were performed on a small scale bridge which is located in the basement of the Iowa Engineering Experiment Station. The bridge is a 25 foot simply supported span, 10 feet wide, supported by four beams with a composite concrete slab. It is assumed that the magnitude of the predominant forcing function is the same as the magnitude of the dynamic force produced by a smoothly rolling load, which has a frequency determined by the passage of axles. The frequency of passage of axles is defined as the speed of the vehicle divided by the axle spacing. Factors affecting the response of the bridge to this forcing function are the bridge stiffness and mass, which determine the natural frequency, and the effects of solid damping due to internal structural energy dissipation.