1000 resultados para Educação - adultos
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A obesidade possui causa multifatorial, envolvendo questes biolgicas, econmicas, sociais, polticas e culturais. Mas a principal causa costuma ser o desequilbrio entre o consumo de alimentos e o gasto de calorias. Alguns dos fatores que influenciam no excesso de gordura corporal na populao brasileira so os inadequados hbitos alimentares e a no prtica da atividade fsica. Na ESF Maria de Lourdes Borba Barros, do municpio Unio dos Palmares, do estado Alagoas/Brasil a maioria dos usurios possuem um estado nutricional inadequado com alta prevalncia de obesidade, o que constitui o fator de risco para outras doenas crnicas mais perigosas, como a Hipertenso Arterial (HAS) e Diabetes mellitus (DM), as quais so as principais causas de internamento hospitalar e morte da populao. A HAS e DM so fatores de risco de outras doenas, como a doena crebro vascular a qual pode deixar sequelas. Assim o objetivo deste estudo foi elaborar um plano de interveno para combater a obesidade na populao adscrita ao ESF Maria de Lourdes B. de Barros. Para o desenvolvimento do Plano de Interveno ser utilizado o Mtodo do Planejamento Estratgico Situacional, seguindo vrias etapas (identificao dos problemas, priorizao dos problemas, seleo do problema prioritrio, caracterizao do problema, descrio do problema, explicao do problema, identificao dos ns crticos, desenho de operaes, identificao dos recursos crticos, anlise de viabilidade do plano e elaborao do plano operativo). Sero desenvolvidas aes no sentido de evitar e reduzir os casos de obesidade e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos obesos a partir do incentivo da prtica de atividade fsica e boa educação nutricional. A obesidade determina uma possibilidade real de tratamento baseado em diagnstico criterioso o mais precoce possvel, onde a ao de uma equipe multidisciplinar aliada a uma tcnica cuidadosa, permite uma elevada perspectiva de xito.
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INTRODUO: O sobrepeso e a obesidade representam um grave problema de sade pblica no mundo, que se agrava cada vez mais. Alm dos danos causados sade, a obesidade uma vez, que, contribui para a carga global de doenas crnicas e incapacidades, leva a um aumento substancial na utilizao dos recursos da sade. necessria a implementao de medidas objetivas para combat-la, diminuindo a morbidade e mortalidade por doenas crnicas. OBJETIVO: Elaborar um projeto de interveno para diminuir o sobrepeso e obesidade em pacientes adultos do PSF II, Antnio Barbosa Leo, no perodo de 2016 a 2017 .METODOLOGIA: Ser realizado um projeto de interveno, com um diagnstico nutricional inicial dos participantes que realizado nas consultas mdicas atravs do ndice de Massa Corporal (IMC) mediante a formula IMC= peso (Kg)/ altura (m2), posteriormente vo ser desenvolvidas aes continuadas de educação, promoo a sade, atividade fsica, diagnstico, tratamento e acompanhamento com monitoramento sistemtico. Finalmente vai ser feito o diagnstico nutricional final e avaliao dos resultados do trabalho. CONSIDERAES FINAIS: A promoo de estilos de vida saudveis comumente considerada o primeiro passo no tratamento da obesidade e a interveno mais adequada tendo em conta a relao custo - eficcia
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Este guia apresenta recomendaes atualizadas para o diagnstico, avaliao e manejo da hipertenso arterial. Ele baseado no guia elaborado pelo National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence do Reino Unido, mas adaptado realidade brasileira e s orientaes do Ministrio da Sade e das Gerncias de Hipertenso e Diabetes da Secretaria Municipal de Sade (SMS) - RJ. Entre os tpicos abordados, esto: Procedimentos para aferio da presso arterial; Intervenes para mudanas de estilo de vida; Educação em sade e adeso ao tratamento; Linha de cuidado para o acompanhamento da Hipertenso Arterial Sistmica na APS.
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A hipertenso arterial (HAS) constitui um dos mais graves problemas de sade do mundo atual. As estatsticas demonstram que existe alta prevalncia e baixas taxas de controle da mesma, sendo esta uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade das doenas cardiovasculares em populaes com fatores de risco associados. A promoo, preveno e diagnstico precoce da hipertenso arterial nos grupos de riscos e pessoas adultas so uma das principais estratgias da ateno bsica de sade, com objetivo de diminuir a morbimortalidade e manter o controle dos pacientes hipertensos. Este trabalho prope a criao de um plano de interveno educativa, com participao da equipe de sade, com o objetivo de elevar o conhecimento da hipertenso arterial em um grupo de pacientes hipertensos em idade compreendidas entre 20 e 59 anos, melhorando o controle desta doena e a sua qualidade de vida. Durante a abordagem sero realizados agendamentos de consultas, pesquisas individuais e palestras educativas sobre o tema. Com o plano de ao proposto, espera-se elevar o nvel de conhecimento da populao alvo desta interveno sobre a hipertenso arterial e seus fatores de risco, estimulando a autonomia dos participantes com relao ao seu estado de sade e proporcionando melhorias em sua qualidade de vida.
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Os benzodiazepnicos (BZDP) so drogas utilizadas principalmente como hipnticos e ansiolticos. Seu uso tornou-se crescente mundialmente nas ltimas dcadas, sendo que 10 % dos adultos tiveram contato com o medicamento a cada ano. Considerando a quantidade e a gravidade dos efeitos adversos desses medicamentos, seu uso contraindicado em idosos, assim como em perodos superiores a quatro a seis semanas. A unidade da Estratgia de Sade de Famlia (ESF) Dom Bosco em Par de Minas, Minas Gerais, possui uma populao de abrangncia de cerca de 4150 indivduos. O consumo de BZDP se mostrou acentuado, sendo em torno de 200 receitas mensais para a rea de abrangncia da unidade, alm do fato de que muitos usurios usam esse tipo de medicao por anos. Aps uma tcnica de estimativa rpida, definiu-se qual problema da rea de abrangncia abordar, de acordo com sua urgncia, gravidade e capacidade de enfrentamento. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo utilizar das prticas educativas sobre o uso de benzodiazepnicos no ESF Dom Bosco. O plano de interveno props trs medidas: 1- Grupos de apoio com duas reunies bimestrais para usurios de BZDP, que desejam informaes para interromper o uso e sensibiliz-los quanto ao desmame; 2- Cartazes ldicos e folhetos anexados nas receitas dos BZDP, alertando sobre os efeitos adversos desses medicamentos; 3- Orientao aos pacientes durante a renovao de receitas quanto aos efeitos adversos dos BZDP e qual a melhor estratgia e prazos para interromper seu uso
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Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a widespread monophasic inflamatory disease affecting the central nervous system, that usually follows an infection or vaccination. In this study, we present an analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and clinical aspects in four patients with clinical diagnosis of ADEM. The presence of MRI demyelinating lesions was crucial, but not in itself sufficient for definitive diagnosis. Clinical and MRI follow up, in order to exclude new lesions and to reevaluate the former ones, as well as CSF, were important for the differential diagnosis with other demyelinating diseases, particularly multiple sclerosis. In addition, we have shown that early treatment with methylprednisolone after the initial symptoms was effective for improving clinical manifestations as well as for reducing MRI lesions.
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The goals of this study are to identify the potencialities avaiable in elementary public schools for the development of an educational process wich includes environmental issues helpping to find its integration with university in order to contribuite raises teaching levels for a better comprehension of regional environmental problems. Research data were collected through questionnaires and interviews with geography teachers analyising theirs activities and perspectives on the environmental crisis and environmental education. The study also offers sugestions for the devellopment of interdisciplinaires programs trying to contibute for the construction of citizenship showing the importance of better comprehension from environmental problems which includes physical, economics, social, political and cultural aspects.
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This article is divided into two parts. The first presents two abstract arguments that constitute the starting point for the development of the second part, which is directed towards discussing some aspects of the distance learning policies, i.e., the role of public authorities in encouraging and shaping this type of education. First of all, it is intended to establish some assumptions to understand the emergence of this phenomenon and some of its conditioning factors and consequences; then to suggest some analytical tools to allow us to reflect on public policy in this area.
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This work indicates presuppositions for the qualitative research in Physical Education, starting with a literature review based on the cultural frame of reference. Firstly, we introduce the debate concerning the natural and the human sciences and implications for the Physical Education; we then use a cultural axis as a ground basis for the research in the area, proposing the 'dense description' as a possibility for knowledge building; finally, we bring up examples of studies conducted with such an approach. This theoretical methodological approach allows the study of the human being as a cultural being, thus opposed to the naturalised view of a human - predominant in Physical Education.
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This text which discusses the central theme of the National Conference on Education (CONAE), held in Braslia from 28th March to 1st April 2010, deals with the concept of a National System of Education in articulation with the National Plan of Education. To that end, after pointing to the basic uses of the concept of system, it discusses the question of the National System of Education exploring the federative question in order to reveal the complete compatibility of the organization of the National System of Education with the federative regime. Thereafter, it deals with the historical meaning of the National Plan of Education demonstrating that the plan is a demand of the system, since planned action is implicit in systematized education. Thus the National Plan of Education is fulfilling those goals and objectives for which it is responsible.
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We present and discuss in this article some features of a research program whose central object of investigation is the way in which the recent fields of history, philosophy, and sociology of mathematical education could take part in a critical and qualified manner in the initial and continuing training of teachers in this area. For that, we endorse the viewpoint that the courses for mathematics teacher education should be based on a conception of specificity through which a new pedagogical project could be established. In such project those new fields of investigation would participate, in an organic and clarifying way, in the constitution of multidimensional problematizations of school practices, in which mathematics would be involved, and that would be guided by academic investigations about the issues that currently challenge teachers in the critical work of incorporation, resignification, production, and transmission of mathematical culture in the context of the school institution.
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OBJECTIVE: The intensive care unit is synonymous of high severity, and its mortality rates are between 5.4 and 33%. With the development of new technologies, a patient can be maintained for long time in the unit, causing high costs, psychological and moral for all involved. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors for mortality and prolonged length of stay in an adult intensive care unit. METHODS: The study included all patients consecutively admitted to the adult medical/surgical intensive care unit of Hospital das Clnicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, for six months. We collected data such as sex, age, diagnosis, personal history, APACHE II score, days of invasive mechanical ventilation orotracheal reintubation, tracheostomy, days of hospitalization in the intensive care unit and discharge or death in the intensive care unit. RESULTS: Were included in the study 401 patients; 59.6% men and 40.4% women, age 53.818.0. The mean intensive care unit stay was 8.210.8 days, with a mortality rate of 13.5%. Significant data for mortality and prolonged length of stay in intensive care unit (p <0.0001), were: APACHE II>11, OT-Re and tracheostomy. CONCLUSION: The mortality and prolonged length of stay in intensive care unit intensive care unit as risk factors were: APACHE>11, orotracheal reintubation and tracheostomy.
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INTRODUCTION: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), defined as elevated concentrations of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) despite normal levels of thyroid hormones, is highly prevalent in Brazil, especially among women and the elderly. Although an increasing number of studies have related SCH to an increased risk of coronary artery disease and mortality, there have been no randomized clinical trials verifying the benefit of levothyroxine treatment in reducing these risks, and the treatment remains controversial. OBJECTIVE: This consensus, sponsored by the Thyroid Department of the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism and developed by Brazilian experts with extensive clinical experience with thyroid diseases, presents these recommendations based on evidence for the clinical management of SCH patients in Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After structuring the clinical questions, the search for evidence in the literature was initially performed in the MedLine-PubMed database and later in the Embase and SciELO - Lilacs databases. The strength of evidence was evaluated according to the Oxford classification system and established based on the experimental design used, considering the best available evidence for each question and the Brazilian experience. RESULTS: The topics covered included SCH definition and diagnosis, natural history, clinical significance, treatment and pregnancy, and the consensus issued 29 recommendations for the clinical management of adult patients with SCH. CONCLUSION: Treatment with levothyroxine was recommended for all patients with persistent SCH with serum TSH values > 10 mU/L and for certain patient subgroups.
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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Fsica