Technical and economic assessment of energy from Tidal Currents

The present work aims to study the feasibility of deploying a farm of sea current turbines for electricity generation in Portugal. An approach to the tides, which are they, how they are formed, its prediction, is held. It is also conducted a study about the energy of sea currents and it is presented some technology about ocean currents too. A model of tidal height and velocity of the currents it is also developed. The energy produced by a hypothetical park, built in Sines (Portugal), is calculated and afterwards, an economical assessment is performed for two possible scenarios and a sensitivity analysis of NVP (Net Present Value) and LCOE (Levelized Cost of Energy) is figured. The conclusions about the feasibility of the projects are also presented. Despite being desired due to its predictability, this energy source is not yet economically viable as it is in an initial state of development. To push investment in this technology a feed-in tariff of, at least €200/MWh, should be considered.

Services innovation and economic performance: An analysis at the firm

In this paper we estimate a model linking innovation effort and economic performance, along the lines of the Mairesse and Mohnen (2003) model. We examine this relationship in the context of services sectors instead of Research and Development intensive manufacturing sectors. Much effort has already been made to explore the innovation-performance relationship for manufacturing sectors but it is still much understudied for services, particularly for Portugal. In this paper we aim to take a step in fulfilling this gap. We use new firm level data for ten services sectors from the Second Community Innovation Survey of Portugal, to estimate the model.

Economic analysis of surgical treatment of hip fracture in older adults

OBJECTIVE To analyze the incremental cost-utility ratio for the surgical treatment of hip fracture in older patients.METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of a systematic sample of patients who underwent surgery for hip fracture at a central hospital of a macro-region in the state of Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2011. A decision tree creation was analyzed considering the direct medical costs. The study followed the healthcare provider’s perspective and had a one-year time horizon. Effectiveness was measured by the time elapsed between trauma and surgery after dividing the patients into early and late surgery groups. The utility was obtained in a cross-sectional and indirect manner using the EuroQOL 5 Dimensions generic questionnaire transformed into cardinal numbers using the national regulations established by the Center for the Development and Regional Planning of the State of Minas Gerais. The sample included 110 patients, 27 of whom were allocated in the early surgery group and 83 in the late surgery group. The groups were stratified by age, gender, type of fracture, type of surgery, and anesthetic risk.RESULTS The direct medical cost presented a statistically significant increase among patients in the late surgery group (p < 0.005), mainly because of ward costs (p < 0.001). In-hospital mortality was higher in the late surgery group (7.4% versus 16.9%). The decision tree demonstrated the dominance of the early surgery strategy over the late surgery strategy: R$9,854.34 (USD4,387.17) versus R$26,754.56 (USD11,911.03) per quality-adjusted life year. The sensitivity test with extreme values proved the robustness of the results.CONCLUSIONS After controlling for confounding variables, the strategy of early surgery for hip fracture in the older adults was proven to be dominant, because it presented a lower cost and better results than late surgery.

Identifying economic periods and crisis with the multidimensional scaling

This paper applied MDS and Fourier transform to analyze different periods of the business cycle. With such purpose, four important stock market indexes (Dow Jones, Nasdaq, NYSE, S&P500) were studied over time. The analysis under the lens of the Fourier transform showed that the indexes have characteristics similar to those of fractional noise. By the other side, the analysis under the MDS lens identified patterns in the stock markets specific to each economic expansion period. Although the identification of patterns characteristic to each expansion period is interesting to practitioners (even if only in a posteriori fashion), further research should explore the meaning of such regularities and target to find a method to estimate future crisis.

Economic crisis and counter-reform of universal health care systems: Spanish case

The economic crisis that has been affecting Europe in the 21st century has modified social protection systems in the countries that adopted, in the 20th century, universal health care system models, such as Spain. This communication presents some recent transformations, which were caused by changes in Spanish law. Those changes relate to the access to health care services, mainly in regards to the provision of care to foreigners, to financial contribution from users for health care services, and to pharmaceutical assistance. In crisis situations, reforms are observed to follow a trend which restricts rights and deepens social inequalities.

Integrated ecological-economic modelling and assessment aproach for coastal ecosystem management

Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Sciences and Technology, New University of Lisbon, for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Sciences

Economic ideas and policies in nineteenth-century Portugal

Luso-Brazilian Review Vol.38 Issue 2, p1-15

Elution of proteins from polyacrylamide eels: a simple and economic procedure

A simplified methodology for the quantitative electroelution of proteins from polyacrylamide gels is described. After staining with Coomassie Brilliant Blue R 250, the identified bands are excised from the gel and the proteins eluted using a procedure developed for use in conventional tube gel electrophoresis equipment.

Age-period-cohort effects in the incidence of hip fractures: political and economic events are coincident with changes in risk

Introduction: Healthcare improvements have allowed prevention but have also increased life expectancy, resulting in more people being at risk. Our aim was to analyse the separate effects of age, period and cohort on incidence rates by sex in Portugal, 2000–2008. Methods: From the National Hospital Discharge Register, we selected admissions (aged ≥49 years) with hip fractures (ICD9-CM, codes 820.x) caused by low/moderate trauma (falls from standing height or less), readmissions and bone cancer cases. We calculated person-years at risk using population data from Statistics Portugal. To identify period and cohort effects for all ages, we used an age–period–cohort model (1-year intervals) followed by generalised additive models with a negative binomial distribution of the observed incidence rates of hip fractures. Results: There were 77,083 hospital admissions (77.4 % women). Incidence rates increased exponentially with age for both sexes (age effect). Incidence rates fell after 2004 for women and were random for men (period effect). There was a general cohort effect similar in both sexes; risk of hip fracture altered from an increasing trend for those born before 1930 to a decreasing trend following that year. Risk alterations (not statistically significant) coincident with major political and economic change in the history of Portugal were observed around birth cohorts 1920 (stable–increasing), 1940 (decreasing–increasing) and 1950 (increasing–decreasing only among women). Conclusions: Hip fracture risk was higher for those born during major economically/politically unstable periods. Although bone quality reflects lifetime exposure, conditions at birth may determine future risk for hip fractures.

Sustainability and economic evaluation of microalgae grown in brewery wastewater

This article evaluates the sustainability and economic potential of microalgae grown in brewery wastewater for biodiesel and biomass production. Three sustainability and two economic indicators were considered in the evaluation within a life cycle perspective. For the production system the most efficient process units were selected. Results show that harvesting and oil separation are the main process bottlenecks. Microalgae with higher lipid content and productivity are desirable for biodiesel production, although comparable to other biofuel’s feedstock concerning sustainability. However, improvements are still needed to reach the performance level of fossil diesel. Profitability reaches a limit for larger cultivation areas, being higher when extracted biomass is sold together with microalgae oil, in which case the influence of lipid content and areal productivity is smaller. The values of oil and/or biomass prices calculated to ensure that the process is economically sound are still very high compared with other fuel options, especially biodiesel.

Modelo de avaliação de risco de crédito - rating - uma abordagem

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Instituto Superior de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Auditoria, sob a orientação de Mestre Adalmiro Álvaro Malheiro de Castro Andrade Pereira

Liderança e motivação nas entidades responsáveis pela recolha e gestão de resíduos do concelho da Maia

O contexto, o tempo é de mudança. Ainda que o não fosse, falar de gestão de recursos humanos, falar de pessoas, é falar em mudança (ou mudanças). A economia mundial é que dita o presente e o futuro das organizações, privadas ou públicas, com ou sem fins lucrativos, pequenas, médias e grandes. Quando, em 2011, foi chumbado o quarto projeto do Programa de Estabilidade e Crescimento, vivia-se em Portugal um período crítico, ao qual não era alheia a conjuntura internacional de recessão económica. No domínio da Administração Pública, procurava-se redesenhar as organizações, imprimir-lhes uma gestão mais privatística, de otimização de recursos e controlo de custos. Hoje, sabe-se que aquela rejeição do programa político governamental teria outras consequências, as que atualmente os portugueses vêm sentindo. É um período de mudanças radicais, sem precedentes. Como lideram ou como administram os responsáveis pelas organizações, no contexto atual? Quais as qualidades de liderança que imperam em situações de crise e de austeridade? Como reagem líderes e liderados em períodos de recessão ou adversidade? E, sobretudo, como falham uns e são bem-sucedidos outros? Desde logo, há que reconhecer a importância e valorizar o capital humano: atrair, reter e desenvolver. Neste trabalho, procuramos responder aos crescentes interesse e preocupação em redesenhar, reformar e melhorar a gestão na administração pública. Daí o interesse pela motivação e a sua relação com o estilo de liderança adotado nas organizações deste setor, fator determinante para o comprometimento, a eficácia e a produtividade no trabalho. Mais concretamente, o objetivo deste estudo é compreender a relação entre o sistema de gestão que predomina nas entidades responsáveis pela recolha e gestão de resíduos do concelho da Maia e a motivação dos seus colaboradores, assim como a satisfação dos mesmos com a sua chefia. A metodologia de investigação utilizada orienta-se para a abordagem quantitativa, recorrendo-se a técnicas e instrumentos de natureza quantitativa, tais como o questionário de escala de resposta tipo Likert, por considerarmos ser a mais ajustada às pretensões desta investigação.

Aplicação da filosofia Lean para melhoria do processo numa linha de produção da empresa IKEA

Devido à atual crise socioeconómica e consequente recessão dos mercados, as empresas precisam cada vez mais de melhorar os seus modelos de gestão e apostar na melhoria dos seus processos de forma a conseguirem produzir produtos de qualidade utilizando o menor custo de produção possível. O uso das ferramentas Lean Production e das ferramentas de Gestão da Qualidade permite às empresas reduzir, ou até mesmo eliminar alguns desperdícios. Desta forma é possível reduzir custos de produção e aumentar a produtividade. Neste contexto surge a presente dissertação, realizada na empresa IKEA Industry Portugal no âmbito do Mestrado em Engenharia Mecânica – Gestão Industrial, que tem como principal objetivo melhorar o processo produtivo de uma linha de produção da área EdgeBand & Drill, linha Biesse. No início deste projeto esta linha apresentava uma eficiência de 45,83%. Depois da descrição da empresa e do seu funcionamento, realizou-se um estudo sobre o estado atual do sistema produtivo da área de produção em estudo, Edgeband & Drill, mais concretamente da linha Biesse. Desse estudo resultou a identificação de alguns problemas da linha, nomeadamente a baixa eficiência, elevados tempos de paragem da linha, elevada quantidade de peças com defeitos, elevados custos associados a peças sucata, falta de polivalência dos operadores, desperdícios de matérias primas e falta de organização e limpeza da área. Depois de identificados os problemas foram apresentadas algumas propostas de melhoria para o processo produtivo da linha Biesse. Nesta fase foram utilizadas algumas ferramentas Lean e de Gestão da Qualidade. No fim do projeto obteve-se uma redução de 1,26% dos tempos de paragem, uma redução de 1317 peças com defeito e uma poupança de 1147,44€ em peças sucata. Estes valores contribuíram para uma melhoria da eficiência global em cerca de 1,06% para a área EdgeBand & Drill e uma melhoria de 3,11% para a linha em estudo, linha Biesse.

Analysis of World Economic Variables Using Multidimensional Scaling

Waves of globalization reflect the historical technical progress and modern economic growth. The dynamics of this process are here approached using the multidimensional scaling (MDS) methodology to analyze the evolution of GDP per capita, international trade openness, life expectancy, and education tertiary enrollment in 14 countries. MDS provides the appropriate theoretical concepts and the exact mathematical tools to describe the joint evolution of these indicators of economic growth, globalization, welfare and human development of the world economy from 1977 up to 2012. The polarization dance of countries enlightens the convergence paths, potential warfare and present-day rivalries in the global geopolitical scene.

Enteroparasitosis and their ethnographic relationship to food handlers in a tourist and economic center in Paraná, Southern Brazil

This study reports on the occurrence of enteroparasites based on data from an ethnographic study of food handlers in the city of Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil. Fecal material from 343 food handlers of both sexes, between 14 and 75 years of age, was analyzed using Lutz, modified Ritchie and Ziehl-Neelsen techniques. Ethnographic relationships were investigated by means of specific questionnaires. Positive fecal samples were found for 131 (38.2%) handlers. Endolimax nana (67.9%) was the predominant species, followed by Entamoeba coli (35.9%), Blastocystis hominis (28.2%), Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (10.1%) and Giardia duodenalis (8.4%). Protozoan infections were more common than helminth infections (p = 0.00). The positive results for some parasites were associated with the male sex, professional category, and the performance of other activities (p < 0.05). The high overall occurrence of enteroparasites found indicates improper hygiene and sanitation conditions. Effective educational measures should be implemented to prevent the transfer of pathogenic organisms to food via handling.