Female-headed single-parent households and poverty in Costa Rica

Includes bibliography

Cyp17a1 and cyp19a1 in the zebrafish testis are differentially affected by oestradiol

Oestrogens can affect expression of genes encoding steroidogenic enzymes in fish gonads. However, little information is available on their effects at the protein level. In this context, we first analysed the expression of key steroidogenic enzyme genes and proteins in zebrafish testis, paying attention also to other cell types than Leydig cells. Gene expression was analysed by quantitative PCR on fluorescence-activated cell-sorting fractions coupled or not to differential plating, while protein synthesis was studied by immunohistochemistry using specific antibodies against zebrafish Cyp17a1, Cyp19a1a and Cyp19a1b. Furthermore, we have evaluated the effect of oestrogen treatment (17β-oestradiol (E2), 10 nM) on the localization of these enzymes after 7 and 14 days of in vivo exposure in order to study how oestrogen-mediated modulation of their expression is linked to oestrogen effects on spermatogenesis. The major outcomes of this study are that Leydig cells express Cyp17a1 and Cyp19a1a, while testicular germ cells express Cyp17a1 and both, Cyp19a1a and Cyp19a1b. As regards Cyp17a1, both protein and mRNA seem to be quantitatively dominating in Leydig cells. Moreover, E2 exposure specifically affects only Leydig cell Cyp17a1 synthesis, preceding the disruption of spermatogenesis. The oestrogen-induced suppression of the androgen production capacity in Leydig cells is a major event in altering spermatogenesis, while germ cell steroidogenesis may have to be fuelled by precursors from Leydig cells. Further studies are needed to elucidate the functionality of steroidogenic enzymes in germ cells and their potential role in testicular physiology. © 2013 Society for Endocrinology.

International migration, human rights and development in Latin America and the Caribbean: summary and conclusions

Includes bibliography

Uma pesquisa sobre a opinião pública sobre incentivos financeiros para doação de óvulos no Brasil

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the opinions of the Brazilian population about incentives for oocyte donation. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive approach was used to consult the Brazilian public. The data collection involved the use of a structured questionnaire about legal and ethical issues surrounding oocyte donation. Individuals were randomly selected from the general population using different e-mail lists. Potential participants were contacted by e-mail and invited to participate in the study by completing an online web survey. Results: A total of 1,565 people completed the survey, including 1,284 women(82%) and 281 men(18%). Among the respondents, 1,309(83.6%) were university graduates, 1,033(66%) had a personal income ≥1,250 US dollars/month, 1,346(86%) considered themselves to be religious and 518 (33.1%) were health professionals. While many participants believed that women may donate their oocytes for altruistic reasons, the majority believed that a lack of oocyte donations is due to the prohibition of payments(64.3%) and that incentives would facilitate the decision to donate oocytes(84.7%). The majority of the participants(65.3%) agreed that a financial incentive(i.e., paying the donor) would be the most practical solution for increasing the number of oocyte donations. These results tended to be independent of gender, age, income, religion, education level and profession. Conclusion: While the Brazilian Federal Council of Medicine prohibits payments for oocyte donation, the majority of study participants had no objection to compensating oocyte donors. Moreover, most of the participants agreed that a financial incentive is the most practical solution to increasing the number of oocyte donations.

Representação corporal de jovens em liberdade assistida na cidade de Araraquara-SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Conselho de escola: limites e possibilidades da gestão democrática

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Corpo, ciência e educação: representações do corpo junto a jovens estudantes e seus professores

Pós-graduação em Educação para a Ciência - FC

Sociedade de Matemática de São Paulo: um estudo histórico-institucional

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Impact of new technologies on the development process in the Caribbean region

Includes bibliography

Um estudo da implantação do planejamento agregado em uma pequena indústria moveleira para aquisição de materiais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação vestibular em adolescentes com cinetose

Pós-graduação em Pediatria - FMB

Projeto e construção de um motor de pistões axiais de vazão fixa

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Determinants of ownership concentration in the Chilean stock market

Includes bibliography.

Social mobility and the demand for income redistribution in Latin America

Includes bibliography

Um estudo sobre o conceito de prestar atenção na análise do comportamento de B. F. Skinner

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)