Caracterização microbiológica e avaliação de uma cepa de Bacillus subtilis no desempenho de bezerros da raça Holandesa

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeito do preparado de anticorpos policlonais sobre o consumo alimentar, fermentação ruminal e digestibilidade in vivo de bovinos suplementados com três fontes energéticas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Avaliação do desempenho zootécnico, da função da mucosa intestinal e da microbiota ileal quando da substituição do milho pelo sorgo na ração de frangos de corte

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Desenvolvimento de microrganismos e valor nutritivo de silagens de capim-Tifton 85

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Estudo clínico e etiológico da diarréia em potros

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Efeitos da parede de levedura em dieta úmida na microbiota fecal, na produção de gás e na morfologia intestinal de gatos adultos

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of yeast extract (EPL) in the moist diet on the fecal microbiotal, gas production and intestinal morphology of adult cats. Twenty adult cats from both sexes were randomly assigned to four treatments: 1) moist commercial diet (control); 2) control + 0,2% yeast extract dry matter; 3) control + 0,4%; and 4) control + 0,6%. Fecal microbiology and intestinal morphology were performed by radiographic, ultrasound, colonoscopy and intestinal biopsy exams for histology. There were no significant differences (P>0,05) for lactic acid bacteria counts and clostridium-reductor, gas area in the bowel (radiographic), wall thickness of the colon (ultrasound) and colonocytes count/globet cells (histology). Through colonoscopy, changes in characteristics of the intestinal mucosa in animals receiving treatment 4 were noticed. It is concluded that the addition of up to 0.6% EPL had no effect on the parameters evaluated, but further studies are needed to understand the action mechanisms and additive effects for domestic cats.

Avaliação do ecossistema microbiano de ratos wistar submetidos à carcinogênese química de cólon após o consumo de lactobacillus acidophilus crl 1014 e extrato aquoso

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise microbiológica e físico-química de material proteico comestível derivado do processamento da gordura oriunda do abate de bovinos

Background: The use of all by-products of bovine slaughter is of high economic importance for the industries of products of animal origin. Among these products, fat has an important role, once fat rendering may generate several different products, such as protein material that may be used in the manufacture of meat products. However, in spite of the importance that the use of all by-products has for the economic balance of the industry, there are no reports on their use in Brazil, or studies that supply data on microbiological and physical-chemical local standards for this protein. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate microbiological and physical-chemical characteristics of protein material obtained from fat rendering, as well as to provide support for companies to use fat rendering to generate protein material, adding value to industrialized meat products.Materials, Methods & Results: The experimental production of edible protein obtained of fat rendering was conducted in slaughterhouse with supervision of the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply. Protein material was obtained in a continuous, humid heat system at high temperatures. Fat scraps containing protein were ground and cooked at high temperature (85 degrees C), and placed in a three phase decanter centrifuge. After centrifugation, protein material was ground again and packed. Samples were collected from 15 batches of protein material, and the following microbiological analyses were carried out: counts of aerobic mesophilic and psychrotrophic microorganisms, coliforms at 35 degrees C, Escherichia coli, sulfite-reducing Clostridium, and Staphylococcus aureus, besides presence or absence of Salmonella and Listeria monocytogens. The following physical-chemical analyses were also carried out: protein, total lipid, moisture, ash, carbohydrate, and energy content. Mean counts of mesophiles, psychrotrophs, and coliforms at 35 degrees C were 4.17; 3.69 and 1.87 (log CFU/g), respectively. Levels of protein, total lipids, moisture, ashes and carbohydrates were 27.50; 7.83; 63.88%; 0.24%; and 0.55%, respectively, and energy content was 182.63 kcal/100g.Discussion: Results of microbiological analyses demonstrated that, although low, the final product showed to be contaminated. Contamination that occurred during the second grinding procedure may be an explanation for these bacterial counts. Also, the temperature used for fat fusion was not enough to eliminate thermoduric microorganisms. However, even with the presence of indicator microorganisms in the samples, none was contaminated by E. coli, sulfite-reducing Clostridium, S. aureus, Salmonella or L. monocytogenes. Physical-chemical analyses showed that the product had adequate nutritional quality. Based on these results, it was possible to conclude that protein material obtained in fat rendering showed characteristics that enable the use of this product as raw material for processed meat products. Besides, the present study was the first one to present scientific results in relation to edible by-products obtained in fat rendering, supplying important information for slaughterhouses and meat-processing plants. The study also produced relevant data on the innocuousness of the product, which may be used to guide decision-making of health inspectors.

A meta-analysis of the feed intake and growth performance of broiler chickens challenged by bacteria

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Time needed to schedule dermatological consultations in Brazil

BACKGROUND: It is not clear what the population's demand for dermatologists is, nor how many professionals are needed in order to provide adequate care in this area of expertise. Knowledge of the flow of patients at dermatological clinics throughout the country allows for the formation of expansion and distribution policies regarding professionals, and provides backing for the decision to increase medical residency places. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the time it takes to schedule a private dermatological consultation in Brazil, and other factors concerning consultations. METHODS: Survey with a random sample of 14% of Brazilian dermatologists, simulating the scheduling of emergency clinical and cosmetic consultations, and botulinum toxin procedures. Also, details relating to cost and professionals, were studied. Data were adjusted for each region of the country. RESULTS: A total of 873 dermatologists were evaluated. Full SBD members represented 85%, and 66% were women. The median time to schedule a consultation ranged from 6 (out-of-pocket payment) to 7 (medical insurance) consecutive working days. Times varied depending on the region. A multivariate analysis showed that out-of-pocket consultations and procedures were scheduled sooner than with medical insurance, regardless of whether they were clinical or cosmetic. CONCLUSION: The characteristics of dermatologists are varied throughout regions of the country. Private consultations and procedures are scheduled sooner than with insurance companies.

Presence of infectious agents and co-infections in diarrheic dogs determined with a real-time polymerase chain reaction-based panel

Background: Infectious diarrhea can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or protozoan organisms, or a combination of these. The identification of co-infections in dogs is important to determine the prognosis and to plan strategies for their treatment and prophylaxis. Although many pathogens have been individually detected with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a comprehensive panel of agents that cause diarrhea in privately owned dogs has not yet been established. The objective of this study was to use a real-time PCR diarrhea panel to survey the frequencies of pathogens and co-infections in owned dogs attended in a veterinary hospital with and without diarrhea, as well the frequency in different countries. Feces samples were tested for canine distemper virus, canine coronavirus, canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2), Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin (CPA), Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia spp., and Salmonella spp. using molecular techniques.Results: In total, 104 diarrheic and 43 control dogs that were presented consecutively at a major private veterinary hospital were included in the study. Overall, 71/104 (68.3%) dogs with diarrhea were positive for at least one pathogen: a single infection in 39/71 dogs (54.9%) and co-infections in 32/71 dogs (45.1%), including 21/32 dogs (65.6%) with dual, 5/32 (15.6%) with triple, and 6/32 (18.8%) with quadruple infections. In the control group, 13/43 (30.2%) dogs were positive, all with single infections only. The most prevalent pathogens in the diarrheic dogs were CPA (40/104 dogs, 38.5%), CPV-2 (36/104 dogs, 34.6%), and Giardia spp. (14/104 dogs, 13.5%). CPV-2 was the most prevalent pathogen in the dual co-infections, associated with CPA, Cryptosporidium spp., or Giardia spp. No statistical difference (P = 0.8374) was observed in the duration of diarrhea or the number of deaths (P = 0.5722) in the presence or absence of single or co-infections.Conclusions: Diarrheic dogs showed a higher prevalence of pathogen infections than the controls. Whereas the healthy dogs had only single infections, about half the diarrheic dogs had co-infections. Therefore, multiple pathogens should be investigated in dogs presenting with diarrhea. The effects of multiple pathogens on the disease outcomes remain unclear because the rate of death and the duration of diarrhea did not seem to be affected by these factors.

Bacterial community associated with traps of the carnivorous plants Utricularia hydrocarpa and Genlisea filiformis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Fibra de cana-de-açúcar na alimentação de leitões recém-desmamados

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Análise comparativa de diferentes metodologias para cultivo de células-tronco mesenquimais derivadas de tecido muscular

Pós-graduação em Biociências - FCLAS

Beneficial effects of fermented vegetal beverages on human gastrointestinal microbial ecosystem in a simulator

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)