El pacient agredeix el professional? La viol��ncia laboral de tipus II: un fenomen existent

Aquest article de car��cter descriptiu t�� la finalitat d���exposar un fenomen existent com ��s la viol��ncia laboral. La viol��ncia laboral, un constructe amb pocs anys d���estudi, afecta totes les professions i les diferents categories professionals. S���estructura en cinc apartats. En el primer, es defineix pr��piament l���objecte d���estudi; en el segon, les dades de l���abast del fenomen; en el tercer, la tipologia; en el quart les teories que expliquen el perqu�� es produeix i en l�����ltim els factors de risc.

The construction of infant and primary school teachers��� identity during their initial professional development and first years of work (Identidoc). Summary, main results and contributions

Educators who are currently beginning their professional career at any level of the educationalsystem and who will likely have to work during the next thirty to forty years will be takingpart in the education of individuals who, with the permission of prophets and doomsayers,will live part of their lives in the 22nd century. That long but simple statement causes a bit ofvertigo as well as a good amount of reflection on the part of we educators who were trainedin the 20th century, are working in the 21st century, and are responsible for preparing peopleto build a tomorrow that is already today (Mill��n and Sancho, 1995). This is the starting pointof our research groups��� interest in exploring how men and women who have graduated fromteacher education programs with specializations in infant and primary education learn to beteachers, and how they establish and position themselves as teachers during their university studies and the first years of their professional life...

The construction of infant and primary school teachers��� identity during their initial professional development and first years of work (Identidoc). Summary, main results and contributions

Educators who are currently beginning their professional career at any level of the educationalsystem and who will likely have to work during the next thirty to forty years will be takingpart in the education of individuals who, with the permission of prophets and doomsayers,will live part of their lives in the 22nd century. That long but simple statement causes a bit ofvertigo as well as a good amount of reflection on the part of we educators who were trainedin the 20th century, are working in the 21st century, and are responsible for preparing peopleto build a tomorrow that is already today (Mill��n and Sancho, 1995). This is the starting pointof our research groups��� interest in exploring how men and women who have graduated fromteacher education programs with specializations in infant and primary education learn to beteachers, and how they establish and position themselves as teachers during their university studies and the first years of their professional life...

The construction of infant and primary school teachers��� identity during their initial professional development and first years of work (Identidoc). Summary, main results and contributions

Educators who are currently beginning their professional career at any level of the educationalsystem and who will likely have to work during the next thirty to forty years will be takingpart in the education of individuals who, with the permission of prophets and doomsayers,will live part of their lives in the 22nd century. That long but simple statement causes a bit ofvertigo as well as a good amount of reflection on the part of we educators who were trainedin the 20th century, are working in the 21st century, and are responsible for preparing peopleto build a tomorrow that is already today (Mill��n and Sancho, 1995). This is the starting pointof our research groups��� interest in exploring how men and women who have graduated fromteacher education programs with specializations in infant and primary education learn to beteachers, and how they establish and position themselves as teachers during their university studies and the first years of their professional life...

The construction of infant and primary school teachers��� identity during their initial professional development and first years of work (Identidoc). Summary, main results and contributions

Educators who are currently beginning their professional career at any level of the educationalsystem and who will likely have to work during the next thirty to forty years will be takingpart in the education of individuals who, with the permission of prophets and doomsayers,will live part of their lives in the 22nd century. That long but simple statement causes a bit ofvertigo as well as a good amount of reflection on the part of we educators who were trainedin the 20th century, are working in the 21st century, and are responsible for preparing peopleto build a tomorrow that is already today (Mill��n and Sancho, 1995). This is the starting pointof our research groups��� interest in exploring how men and women who have graduated fromteacher education programs with specializations in infant and primary education learn to beteachers, and how they establish and position themselves as teachers during their university studies and the first years of their professional life...

Virtual Professional Network as a Value Creator in the Dental Business

The research of virtual professional networks has been enormous but the lack of research in the dental field was obvious. This study focuses on those uses and gratifications, and motives of participants that a virtual pro-fessional network should fulfil. The aim of this study is to understand the factors behind the successful virtual professional network, and motives of participants that support a particular business network���s building up for contributing its further success. In this study the focus is on particular mo-tives, needs and benefits of participants that are significant for the net-work���s further development. The study will explore relevant scientific research and theory that is char-acteristic in networking, and theories of user���s needs and motives. Empiri-cal data was collected from dental professionals by net based question-naire that was sent by e-mail. Data analysis was done by quantitative fac-tor analysis. The findings of this study were obvious that virtual knowledge of implantology is inadequate and knowledge is rather difficult to find in the Internet. Sharing of virtual knowledge, net-learning and communication were seen to improve the quality of impolantological professionalism and also the development of these areas was experienced essential. On the grounds of this study a host of a virtual professional network can focus on those aspects that serve the users at best, can develop professionalism in implantology and can profit in its own business operations.

Conditions for EFL learning and professional development : Finland-Swedish learner and teacher perspectives

Engelskans dominerande roll som internationellt spr��k och andra globaliseringstrender p��verkar ocks�� Svenskfinland. Dessa trender p��verkar i sin tur f��ruts��ttningarna f��r l��rande och undervisning i engelska som fr��mmande spr��k, det vill s��ga undervisningsm��len, de f��rv��ntade elev- och l��rarroller, materialens ��ndam��lsenlighet, l��rares och elevers initiala erfarenheter av engelska och engelskspr��kiga l��nder. Denna studie unders��ker f��ruts��ttningarna f��r l��rande och professionell utveckling i det svenskspr��kiga nyb��rjarklassrummet i engelska som fr��mmande spr��k. Utg��ngsl��get f��r 351 nyb��rjare i engelska som fr��mmande spr��k och 19 av deras l��rare beskrivs och analyseras. Resultaten tyder p�� att engelska h��ller p�� att bli ett andraspr��k snarare ��n ett traditionellt fr��mmande spr��k f��r m��nga unga elever. Dessa elever har ocks�� goda f��ruts��ttningar att l��ra sig engelska utanf��r skolan. S��dan var dock inte situationen f��r alla elever, vilket tyder p�� att det finns en anm��rkningsv��rd heterogenitet och ��ven regional variation i det finlandssvenska klassrummet i engelska som fr��mmande spr��k. L��rarresultaten tyder p�� att vissa l��rare har klarat av att p�� ett konstruktivt s��tt att tackla de f��ruts��ttningar de m��ter. Andra l��rare uttrycker frustration ��ver sin arbetssituation, l��roplanen, undervisningsmaterialen och andra akt��rer som kommer ��r av betydelse f��r skolmilj��n. Studien p��visar att f��ruts��ttningarna f��r l��rande och undervisning i engelska som fr��mmande spr��k varierar i Svenskfinland. F��r att st��da elevers och l��rares utveckling f��resl��s att dialogen mellan akt��rer p�� olika niv�� i samh��llet b��r f��rb��ttras och systematiseras.

Generic and professional caring in a Chinese setting: an ethnopraphic study

The objective of the present study is to describe the cultural care practices, meanings, values and beliefs which form the basis of caring in a Chinese context. The research has its starting point in a caring science perspective and a qualitative research approach with interpretative ethnography as methodological guideline. The theoretical perspective is formed by elements of the theory of caritative caring, developed by Eriksson, and the theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality, developed by Leininger. Previous research of suffering, culture and caring is described and also a presentation of actual transcultural nursing research as well as a presentation of the social structure dimensions of Chinese culture is included in the theoretical background. The empirical part includes patients and relatives, nurses and Hu Gongs as informants. The data collected are analysed based on Geertz���s idea of forming ���thick descriptions��� through examining the ���what, how and why��� of people���s actions. The findings show that the family has a prominent position in Chinese caring practices. The patient plays an unobtrusive role and a mutual dependence between the patient and the family members is evident. The professional nursing care is an extended act which includes the family in the caring relationship. The care practices of the Chinese nurse are characterized by great professional nursing skills. Suffering is described by the informants as being caused by disease, pain and social circumstances. ���Social suffering��� is described as worse than physical or mental suffering. Culturally competent and congruent care is a prerequisite for avoiding cultural pain, imposition and blindness when caring for the suffering human being. The findings of the present study necessitate a broadening in caring theory to include the family in the caring relationship. A further conclusion is that a broadening in our perception and understanding of culture would promote the delivery of culturally competent and congruent care. Suffering need to be seen as enclosed in cultural patterns of how it is expressed, interpreted, understood and relieved. Care and caring need to be seen as embedded in culture and the care practices values and beliefs have to be congruent with the cultural patterns where the care is provided.

S��ndrome de Burnout em residentes da Universidade Federal de Uberl��ndia - 2004

Esta pesquisa estabelece a incid��ncia de burnout em m��dicos residentes de um hospital p��blico atrav��s do MBI (Malasch Burnout Inventory). Burnout �� um estado persistente e negativo, relacionado ao trabalho, relatado por indiv��duos normais, caracterizado por exaust��o, sentimento de reduzida efic��cia, diminui����o da motiva����o e atitudes e comportamentos laborais disfuncionais (Schaufeli & Buunk��). Foi realizada uma investiga����o em 120 residentes, que desenvolvem suas atividades em um hospital p��blico. Os resultados principais indicam a incid��ncia de burnout em 20,8% da amostra. A manifesta����o da s��ndrome foi caracterizada por apresentar 65,0% de classifica����o alta na dimens��o exaust��o emocional (EE), 61,7% de classifica����o alta na dimens��o despersonaliza����o (DE) e 30,0% de classifica����o baixa na dimens��o realiza����o profissional (RP). Burnout esteve presente em 78,4% da amostra e ausente em 0,8% da amostra. A maior freq����ncia de casos de manifesta����o da s��ndrome foi observada nas ��reas de Ortopedia, seguida das ��reas de Cl��nica M��dica, Cirurgia, Pediatria, Ginecologia e Obstetr��cia. �� preciso criar programas de preven����o do burnout, para evitar que profissionais, que promovem a sa��de, adoe��am. �� necess��rio tamb��m dar continuidade a esse tipo de pesquisa e desenvolver modelos mais complexos para o entendimento do burnout neste contexto laboral espec��fico.

M��dicos de UTI: preval��ncia da S��ndrome de Burnout, caracter��sticas sociodemogr��ficas e condi����es de trabalho

A S��ndrome da Estafa Profissional constitui um quadro bem definido, caracterizado por exaust��o emocional, despersonaliza����o e inefic��cia. Este trabalho descreve a preval��ncia da S��ndrome de Burnout, caracter��sticas sociodemogr��ficas e condi����es de trabalho dos m��dicos intensivistas de Salvador (BA). Realizou-se um estudo de corte transversal, que avalia os m��dicos que trabalham em UTI adulto nessa cidade. Foram avaliados 297 plantonistas, sendo 70% homens. A m��dia de idade e de tempo de formado foi de 34,2 e 9,0 anos, respectivamente. Foram encontrados n��veis elevados de exaust��o emocional (47,5%), despersonaliza����o (24,6%) e inefic��cia (28,3%). A preval��ncia da S��ndrome de Burnout, considerada como n��vel elevado em pelo menos uma dimens��o, foi de 63,3% e de 7,4% nas tr��s dimens��es. A preval��ncia da S��ndrome de Burnout foi elevada entre os m��dicos avaliados.

Avalia����o da qualidade de vida, sonol��ncia diurna e burnout em M��dicos Residentes

A resid��ncia m��dica pode gerar sonol��ncia diurna e burnout, que afetam a sa��de f��sica e mental do m��dico e prejudicam sua qualidade de vida (QV). Nosso objetivo foi conhecer a QV do m��dico residente e fatores de influ��ncia. Os residentes (n = 136) do Hospital Universit��rio Evang��lico de Curitiba responderam �� autoavalia����o da QV, WHOQOL - abreviado, escala de sonol��ncia diurna de Epworth e invent��rio de burnout de Maslach. Observou-se que a nota atribu��da �� QV na resid��ncia foi mais baixa que a nota da QV geral, e 76% dos residentes apresentaram escores patol��gicos de sonol��ncia diurna, sendo maiores no grupo no primeiro ano e nas mulheres. Na an��lise de burnout, encontraram-se altos n��veis de exaust��o emocional (32,1 �� 8,2) e de despersonaliza����o (11,0 �� 6,8), com moderado n��vel de realiza����o pessoal (33,9 �� 7,0), n��o tendo havido diferen��a nos escores de burnout entre os sexos. Obteve-se correla����o negativa entre os escores de Epworth, do WHOQOL e da autoavalia����o, e correla����o positiva entre sonol��ncia diurna e carga hor��ria de trabalho.

Burnout e pensamentos suicidas em m��dicos residentes de hospital universit��rio

Este estudo objetivou descrever e analisar a preval��ncia de burnout e pensamentos suicidas em m��dicos residentes de um hospital p��blico de Goi��nia e verificar se h�� correla����o entre os dois. Foi realizada uma investiga����o por meio de um estudo anal��tico-descritivo em corte transversal em 72 residentes atrav��s do MBI (Malasch Burnout Inventory) e do question��rio de suic��dio de Paykel. Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comit�� de ��tica em Pesquisa do Hospital das Cl��nicas da Universidade Federal de Goi��s sob o Parecer n�� 052/2009. Resultados indicam a preval��ncia de burnout em 18,05% da amostra. Dentre os 13 sujeitos com manifesta����o de burnout, 61,53% j�� apresentaram pensamentos suicidas. Dentre os 42 sujeitos com baixo risco para manifesta����o de burnout, 28,57% j�� apresentaram pensamentos suicidas. Evidenciou-se correla����o entre burnout e pensamentos suicidas, o que torna preciso elaborar programas de preven����o do burnout. Pesquisas nesta ��rea s��o necess��rias para a compreens��o do burnout e sua correla����o com pensamentos suicidas e outros dist��rbios psiqui��tricos.

S��ndrome de Burnout e rendimento acad��mico em estudantes da primeira �� quarta s��rie de um curso de gradua����o em medicina

Este estudo objetivou investigar a associa����o entre a S��ndrome de Burnout e o desempenho acad��mico de estudantes da primeira �� quarta s��rie de um curso de gradua����o em Medicina. O comprometimento emocional dos alunos variou conforme a s��rie, com diferen��as significativas para os componentes da s��ndrome entre alunos com notas acima e abaixo da m��dia, sendo o primeiro ano o mais afetado. Isto indica que, no curso estudado, a implanta����o da reforma curricular n��o foi um fator de prote����o para a S��ndrome de Burnout. Constatou-se tamb��m associa����o entre a s��ndrome e o rendimento acad��mico dos estudantes em disciplinas da primeira e da segunda s��rie. S��o necess��rios estudos longitudinais sobre o assunto para confirmar as tend��ncias encontradas e esclarecer a interfer��ncia de fatores que n��o puderam ser abordados neste estudo, considerado preliminar.

Personalidade e resili��ncia como prote����o contra o Burnout em m��dicos residentes

Residentes t��m apresentado burnout em decorr��ncia de fatores ambientais e pessoais, altamente estressores. Alguns indiv��duos reagem positivamente a estes estressores, e a literatura sugere que as caracter��sticas de personalidade e a resili��ncia explicam o fen��meno. Assumimos que a resili��ncia �� multifatorial e multidimensional, como na abordagem resiliente. OBJETIVO: Investigar se a resili��ncia, associada ��s caracter��sticas de personalidade, se correlaciona positivamente com baixos escores de burnout. M��TODO: Estudo de seguimento com 121 residentes, utilizando ficha sociodemogr��fica, Invent��rio Fatorial de Personalidade (IFP), Escala de Resili��ncia de Wagnild & Young e o Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). RESULTADOS: Burnout foi constatado nos dom��nios despersonaliza����o em T1 (12,1) e T2 (13,9) (p = 0,004); exaust��o emocional em T1 (26) e T2 (22,5) (p = 0,624) e baixa realiza����o profissional em T1 (38,1) e T2 (35,5) (p = 0,001); forte resili��ncia foi encontrada em 63,6%. Aqueles com forte resili��ncia apresentaram menor burnout. Caracter��sticas de personalidade puderam ser associadas �� resili��ncia. Constatou-se que a resili��ncia pode ser desenvolvida nos residentes como forma de prote����o contra o burnout. CONCLUS��O: Constatou-se que a resili��ncia, associada ��s caracter��sticas de personalidade, se correlaciona positivamente com baixos escores de burnout.

Customer relationship management through life cycle analysis, case professional service firm in B2B market

The objective of this master���s thesis was to study how customer relationships should be assessed and categorized in order to support customer relationship management (CRM) in the context of business-to-business (B2B) and professional services. This sophisticated and complex market is utilizing possibilities of CRM only rarely and even then the focus is often on technology. The theoretical part considered first CRM from the value chain point of view and then discussed the cyclical nature of relationships. The case study focused on B2B professional service firm. The data was collected from company databases and included the sample of 90 customers. The research was conducted in three phases first studying the age, then the service type of relationships and finally executing the cluster analysis. The data was analysed by statistical analysis program SAS Enterprise Guide. The results indicate that there are great differences between developments of customer relationships. While some relationships are dynamically growing and changing, most of customers are remaining constant. This implies expectations and requirements of customers are similarly divergent and relationships should be managed accordingly.