火山岩型铀矿床成矿构造控制特征——以俄罗斯Streltsovka火山岩型铀矿床与中国相山火山岩型铀矿床为例

本文通过对俄罗斯Streltsovka火山岩型铀矿床和中国相山火山岩型铀矿床的对比研究,发现两矿床具有相似的成矿构造控制特征：走滑挤压至拉张伸展的构造转化是矿床形成的有利构造机制;盆地格网状断裂构造对铀的成矿起着导矿、控矿和容矿的作用;多次构造叠加形成的独特的盆地二元结构是成矿的有利因素.根据对这些构造控制特征的分析,提出了火山岩型铀矿床找矿勘探的几点建议.

黔东南锦屏-天柱地区构造控岩控金特征模拟实验及其力学分析

在前人工作基础上，侧重研究石英脉型金矿床成矿的地质背景，建立了该类型金矿的成矿模式。进而开展三轴温压条件下的成岩成矿实验，构造形变特征及其与成矿物质活化、迁移、富集之间的相互关系的模拟实验。实验结果表明：（1）该区岩石、矿石在高温高压条件下，产生塑性变形（褶皱）和脆性变形（破裂）；（2）在变形过程中使成矿物质活化、迁移和富集，形成顺层及穿层的含金石英脉，并在多期多次变形过程中使成矿物质叠加富集；（3）在褶皱（背斜）轴部形成富矿体。模拟实验结果与所建立的该类型金矿构造控矿和成矿模式非常相似。实验资料的力学分析表明，由轴压所产生的构造附加压力大大地提高了实际围压，从而促进了岩石流变、变形和物质的迁移，由此促进含矿流体向构造附加压力小的部位定向迁移、充填和成矿。构造附加压力是促进该区金成矿的重要动力条件.

乌江流域不同演化阶段水库汞的输入输出通量研究

北欧和北美的研究发现水库是典型的汞敏感生态系统，新建水库而引起的鱼体甲基汞污染问题已受到科学家的高度重视，而我国在这方面的研究比较薄弱。本论文选择乌江流域的6个水库作为研究对象，并根据年龄把这些水库划分为3个演化阶段，洪家渡、引子渡、索风营水库为初级演化阶段，普定、东风水库为中级演化阶段，乌江渡水库为高级演化阶段。对这6个水库总汞和甲基汞的输入和输出通量进行了研究，探讨了不同演化阶段的水库对总汞和甲基汞的“源/汇”作用，主要研究内容有以下三个方面：(1)各水库入出库河流中汞的分布特征；(2)大气降水中汞浓度及沉降通量的分布；(3)乌江流域不同水库汞的输入输出通量。通过本论文的研究，得出以下主要结论： 1. 乌江流域河流中总汞、颗粒态汞、溶解态汞、活性汞、总甲基汞、溶解态甲基汞的年均浓度分别为3.41±1.98、2.05±1.73、1.36±0.44、0.24±0.11、0.15±0.06、0.08±0.03 ng•L-1。与国内外其它河流的比较发现，总汞的浓度明显低于国外受污染的河流，略高于国外未受污染的河流。溶解态汞、活性汞、甲基汞的浓度略低于受污染的河流，与未受污染的河流基本相当。与同处在贵州喀斯特地区的阿哈湖、红枫湖、百花湖的入出库河流相比，总汞、溶解态汞、活性汞、甲基汞、溶解态甲基汞的浓度均明显偏低。 2. 水库的修建显著降低了出库河流中总汞、颗粒态汞的浓度，使总甲基汞和溶解态甲基汞的浓度升高，而且增加了出库河流中溶解态汞、活性汞、总甲基汞占总汞的比例。不同形态汞的沿程分布显示，梯级水库的修建改变了河流原有的汞的生物地球化学过程，使乌江多个河段的甲基汞升高，并且随着水库生态系统的不断演化，水库输出的甲基汞将增加，下游河流水体中甲基汞有继续升高的趋势。 3. 大气降雨中总汞、溶解态汞、颗粒态汞、活性汞、总甲基汞的浓度分别为7.49~149 ng•L-1、1.23~10.0 ng•L-1、5.76~142 ng•L-1、0.56~2.94 ng•L-1、0.08~0.82 ng•L-1，且以颗粒态汞为主，约占总汞比例的87%。总汞、溶解态汞、颗粒态汞、甲基汞的浓度有明显的季节变化趋势，冬春季高于夏秋季，而空间分布特征不明显。2006年总汞、甲基汞的年湿沉降通量为34.7±5.80 µg•m-2•yr-1、0.18±0.03 µg•m-2•yr-1，且主要受降雨量的影响。乌江流域降雨中总汞的浓度及其湿沉降通量远高于北美和日本，低于中国的一些城市地区（如长春和北京），而甲基汞的浓度和通量与其它地区相当。 4. 在乌江流域的不同水库中，降雨输入总汞和甲基汞的通量主要受降雨量和水库面积的影响，而与降雨的汞浓度间没有相关性。河流向水库输入总汞的量主要受河流流量的控制，而输入甲基汞和颗粒物的量受河流流量和浓度的影响。下泄水输出总汞、甲基汞、颗粒物的通量受浓度和流量的影响。由于流域面积/水面面积的比值较大，水库水量、总汞、甲基汞、颗粒物的输入以河流为主，分别占总输入的87%、80%、85%、86%。输出以下泄输出为主，下泄水输出的水量、总汞、甲基汞、颗粒物分别占总输出的80%、77%、86%、79%。 5. 从输入-输出通量的结果发现，各水库均表现为河流颗粒物输送的“汇”；除乌江渡水库外，其它水库均表现为总汞的“汇”；对甲基汞而言，引子渡、洪家渡、索风营水库表现为“汇”，而普定、东风、乌江渡水库则表现为“源”。 6. 普定和洪家渡水库中总汞的贮存率为56%和57%，明显高于其它水库，说明在上游有水库存在的情况下，水库对总汞“汇”的作用将降低。普定、东风、乌江渡水库中甲基汞的净通量分别为+69.4 g•yr-1、+368 g•yr-1、+857 g•yr-1，转化率为13%、73%、84%，说明甲基汞的净通量和转化率与水库的演化阶段有关，随着水库演化阶段的升高而增加，并且随着水库的不断演化，甲基汞将从“汇”变成“源”。

军队医学科技人员身心健康与影响因素的研究

To study the relationship between mental-physical health and coping behavior,job stress and job motivation in medical laboratory scientists and technicians. A cross-section survey was conducted,using the anxiety rating scale(SAS), depression rating scale(SDS), coping behavior rating scale,self-rating subhealth scale,self-rating stress scale,and self-rating job motivation scale among 289 medical laboratory scientists and technicians with analysis of ANOVA and Regression. The study was carried out in three steps:step1 is to analyze the general situation of the mental-physical health.Step 2 is to analyze the features of the main influencial facotors.Step 3 is to study the influence of the relative factors on mental-physical health.The following are the results: 1.The anxiety and depression scores of the medical researchers and technicians were 30±6 and 37±8 respectively,both significantly lower than those of the national norm（34±6 and 42±11 respectively,both P<0.01）,which are of significant difference. The depression score of the associate chief technician was 42±7, significantly higher than those of the medical researchers and technicians with any other professional titles (all P<0.05）, and the anxiety score of the associate chief technicians was 32±7, significantly higher than that of the research fellows（28±4, P<0.05），with no significant difference to the score of the medical researchers and technicians with other professional titles. The depression score,anxiety score and the subhealth score of the age group of 36～49 were 39±9,31±7 and 32±9 respectively, both higher than that of the age group of 20～35 （36±8,29±6 and 29±7 respectively,both P<0.05）,while there is much diference among other age groups. And the subhealth status has nothing to do with marital status,education background and professional titles. 2.The coping behaviors,job stress and motivation of the military medical laboratory scientists and technicians. 1）Coping behaviors:The seeking help score of the associate chief technicians was 2.8±0.5,not significantly different from that of the associate research fellows（2.8±0.5）,but significantly lower than those of the medical researchers and technicians with other professional titles(all P<0.01),and whose self-blame score was higher than that of the research fellows,which is of significant difference.The self-blame score and the imagination score of the associate research fellows were 2.0±0.5 and 2.4±0.5 respectively, significantly higher than that of the research fellows(1.6±0.4, 2.1±0.4,both P<0.01). The seeking help score of the females was 3.1±0.5, significantly higher than that of the males(2.9±0.5, both P<0.01),and the solving problem score was 3.4±0.6,significantly lower than the male(3.6±0.7, both P<0.01).There is no any significant difference in coping behaviors among researchers and technicians of different marital status,education background and age groups. 2)Job stress: The score of job stress of the age group of 35~49 and 50~60 were 23±8 and 25±6 respectively,significantly higher than that of the 20~35(21±7,both P<0.05). There is no any significant difference in job stress among researchers and technicians of different marital status,gender,professional titles and education background. 3)The score of meeting personal desire for reputation and interests of the males was 19.6±5.4，significantly higher than that of the females(18.4±5.0, both P<0.05), while there is no significant difference in job motivation among researchers and technicians of different titles,education,age and marital status. 3.The relationship of the mental-physical health of the military medical laboratory scientists and technicians with their coping behaviors,job stress and motivations 1) Coping behaviors:Regression analysis showed that, the best predictors of subhealth were anxiety,depression and escaping (β=-0.40,β=0.23, β=0.14, both P<0.01).the best predictors of anxiety and depression were active coping behaviors and negative coping behaviors (β=-0.40,β=0.40, both P<0.01).The moderate(rational) coping behaviors is the best predictor only of anxiety and of significant difference. 2)job stress : Regression analysis demonstrated that anxiety,depression,job stress 2 and job stress 4 are the best predictor for subhealth;job stress 12 is the best retro-predictor for depression; job stress 3 and 8 are the best predictor for depression;and job stress 2 and 9 are the best predictor for anxiety ,which are of significant difference. 3)Motivation:Regression analysis demonstrated that depression is the best predictor for subhealth while motivation itself doesn't predict subhealth;with respect to the specific contents of motivation,"probing unknown rules and making contributions to the human society "is the best retro-predictor for depression and has nothing to do with anxiety prediction. 4) The combined influences of coping behaviors,job stress and motivations: Regression analysis showed that, the best predictors for subhealth were anxiety,depression and job stress(β=0.41,β=0.24, β=0.19, both P<0.01).the best predictors for anxiety and depression were active coping behaviors and negative coping behaviors (β=-0.40,β=0.40, both P<0.01).The moderate(rational) coping behaviors is the best predictor only for anxiety and of significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: Regression analysis showed that the best predictors for anxiety and depression were active coping behaviors and negative coping behaviors, the best predictors for subhealth were anxiety,depression and job stress.Coping behaviors, job stress and motivations have significant influences on the mental-physical health of the military medical researchers and and technicians. Among them,coping behavior is the most important factor while job stress and motivation follow. Seeking help more often,less self-blame ,imagination and job stress could help release the anxiety, depression and improve the subhealth of the medical researchers and technicians. The findings of this study indicate we should address the physical and mental health of the military laboratory researchers and technicians.

Heat capacity and thermodynamic properties of myclobutanil

The low-temperature heat capacities of myclobutanil (C15H17CIN4) were precisely measured with an automated adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from 78 to 368 K. The sample was observed to melt at (348.800 +/- 0.06) K. The molar enthalpy and entropy of the melting as well as the chemical purity of the substance were determined to be Delta(fus)H(m) = (30931 +/- 11) J.mol(-1), Delta(fus)S(m) = (88.47 +/- 0.02) J.mol(-1).K-1 and 99.41%, respectively. Further research of the melting process for this compound was carried out by means of DSC technique. The result was in agreement with that obtained from the measurements of heat capacities.

The potential risk from 222radon posed to archaeologists and earth scientists: reconnaissance study of radon concentrations, excavations and archaeological shelters in the Great cave of Niah, Sarawak, Malaysia

Gillmore, G. Gilbertson, D. Grattan, J. Hunt, C. McLaren, S. Pyatt, B. Banda, R. Barker, G. Denman, A. Phillips, P. Reynolds, T. The potential risk from 222radon posed to archaeologists and earth scientists: reconnaissance study of radon concentrations, excavations and archaeological shelters in the Great cave of Niah, Sarawak, Malaysia. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2005. 60 pp 213-227.

A 3-min all-out test to determine peak oxygen uptake and the maximal steady state

Burnley, M., Doust, J., Vanhatalo, A., A 3-min all-out test to determine peak oxygen uptake and the maximal steady state, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 38(11):1995-2003, November 2006. RAE2008

Muestras representativas de innovación del diseño de productos tejidos en cañaflecha (Sucre y Córdoba)

12 fotografías a color.

Analysis of an asymptotic preserving scheme for linear kinetic equations in the diffusion limit

We present a mathematical analysis of the asymptotic preserving scheme proposed in [M. Lemou and L. Mieussens, SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 31 (2008), pp. 334-368] for linear transport equations in kinetic and diffusive regimes. We prove that the scheme is uniformly stable and accurate with respect to the mean free path of the particles. This property is satisfied under an explicitly given CFL condition. This condition tends to a parabolic CFL condition for small mean free paths and is close to a convection CFL condition for large mean free paths. Our analysis is based on very simple energy estimates. © 2010 Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.

Genome-wide scan of copy number variation in late-onset Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease is a complex and progressive neurodegenerative disease leading to loss of memory, cognitive impairment, and ultimately death. To date, six large-scale genome-wide association studies have been conducted to identify SNPs that influence disease predisposition. These studies have confirmed the well-known APOE epsilon4 risk allele, identified a novel variant that influences disease risk within the APOE epsilon4 population, found a SNP that modifies the age of disease onset, as well as reported the first sex-linked susceptibility variant. Here we report a genome-wide scan of Alzheimer's disease in a set of 331 cases and 368 controls, extending analyses for the first time to include assessments of copy number variation. In this analysis, no new SNPs show genome-wide significance. We also screened for effects of copy number variation, and while nothing was significant, a duplication in CHRNA7 appears interesting enough to warrant further investigation.

Mechanical defenses in leaves eaten by Costa Rican howling monkeys (Alouatta palliata).

Primate species often eat foods of different physical properties. This may have implications for tooth structure and wear in those species. The purpose of this study was to examine the mechanical defenses of leaves eaten by Alouatta palliata from different social groups at Hacienda La Pacifica in Costa Rica. Leaves were sampled from the home-ranges of groups living in different microhabitats. Specimens were collected during the wet and dry seasons from the same tree, same plant part, and same degree of development as those eaten by the monkeys. The toughness of over 300 leaves was estimated using a scissors test on a Darvell mechanical tester. Toughness values were compared between social groups, seasons, and locations on the leaves using ANOVA. Representative samples of leaves were also sun-dried for subsequent scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) analyses in an attempt to locate silica on the leaves. Both forms of mechanical defense (toughness and silica) were found to be at work in the plants at La Pacifica. Fracture toughness varied significantly by location within single leaves, indicating that measures of fracture toughness must be standardized by location on food items. Monkeys made some food choices based on fracture toughness by avoiding the toughest parts of leaves and consuming the least tough portions. Intergroup and seasonal differences in the toughness of foods suggest that subtle differences in resource availability can have a significant impact on diet and feeding in Alouatta palliata. Intergroup differences in the incidence of silica on leaves raise the possibility of matching differences in the rates and patterns of tooth wear.

New World Gold Cultural Anxiety and Monetary Disorder in Early Modern Spain

Elvira Vilches examines economic treatises, stories of travel and conquest, moralist writings, fiction, poetry, and drama to reveal that New World gold ultimately became a problematic source of power that destabilized Spain’s sense of ...

Understanding the Context for Long-Term Care Planning.

Evolving family structure and economic conditions may affect individuals' ability and willingness to plan for future long-term care (LTC) needs. We applied life course constructs to analyze focus group data from a study of family decision making about LTC insurance. Participants described how past exposure to caregiving motivated them to engage in LTC planning; in contrast, child rearing discouraged LTC planning. Perceived institutional and economic instability drove individuals to regard financial LTC planning as either a wise precaution or another risk. Perceived economic instability also shaped opinions that adult children are ill-equipped to support parents' LTC. Despite concerns about viability of social insurance programs, some participants described strategies to maximize gains from them. Changing norms around aging and family roles also affected expectations of an active older age, innovative LTC options, and limitations to adult children's involvement. Understanding life course context can inform policy efforts to encourage LTC planning.