982 resultados para 1990-luku


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Lectio praecursoria kulttuurihistorian väitöskirjaan New feminisms, gender equality and neoliberalism in Swedish girl films, 1995-2006 Turun yliopistossa 24.1.2015.

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Tekijä: Kust. Osk. Kaunonen = Gustaf Oskar Schöneman.

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Tekijä esi-lauseesta.

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The objective of this paper is twofold. Firstly, we show how, and to what extent, Latin American and Caribbean countries applied the precepts of the second Washington consensus, i.e. a consensus which stresses the capital account liberalization. Secondly, we highlight the effects of this set of reforms on their economies. Thus, we show that countries having most scrupulously followed these recommendations did not experience better economic results. On the contrary, their situation as regards inequality and debt is getting worse than others.

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The flows of foreign investments in Brazil starting from the 1990s have called attention due to the magnitude of the invested value, the prevalence of properties acquisitions as a preferential way of carrying out these investments, and for the primacy of the operations involving rivals companies. This article searches for an explanation for the cycle of foreign direct investment flows, which is happening in Brazil. Arguments were reconsidered on the existence of sole assets and the advantages of property and control as a basis for carrying out overseas investments, and to explicit their link with the M&As.

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Brazil attracted relatively little innovation-intensive and export-oriented foreign investment during the liberalization period of 1990 to 2010, especially compared with competitors such as China and India. Adopting an institutionalist perspective, I argue that multinational firm investment profiles can be partly explained by the characteristics of investment promotion policies and bureaucracies charged with their implementation. Brazil's FDI policies were passive and non-discriminating in the second half of the 1990s, but became more selective under Lula. Investment promotion efforts have often been undercut by weakly coordinated and inconsistent institutions. The paper highlights the need for active, discriminating investment promotion policies if benefits from non-traditional FDI are to be realized.

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Tämän kandidaatintutkielman aiheena on selvittää ja analysoida energiatoimialan allianssien kehitystä Euroopassa vuosien 1990–2009 aikana. Euroopan energia- ja sähkömarkkinat muuttuivat 1980-luvun lopulla, jolloin kansallisia monopoleja puret-tiin ja energia- ja sähkötoimialalle haluttiin luoda kilpailulliset markkinat. Tarkoituksena on tutkia, onko energiatoimialalla muodostettu alliansseja noususuhdanteisesti vuosien 1990–2009 aikana. Tutkimusaineiston avulla on pyritty selvittämään, millaisia alliansseja energiatoimialalla on solmittu, mitkä motiivit ovat vaikuttaneet allianssin muodostamiseen, mitkä kriteerit ovat vaikuttaneet allianssipartnerin valintaan ja mihin toimialaan allianssipartnerit kuuluvat. Tässä tutkimuksessa allianssit on rajattu koskemaan yhteisyrityksiä ja strategisia alliansseja. Motiiveja allianssien muodostamiseen on käsitelty kolmen eri teorian pohjalta, jotka ovat resurssiperusteinen teoria, transaktiokustannusteoria ja strategisten ja sosiaalisten aspektien teoria. Allianssikumppanin valintaan vaikuttavia tekijöitä on käsitelty tehtävä- ja partnerisuuntautuneita kriteereitä koskevan teorian pohjalta. Tutkimuksen empiirisessä osassa on käytetty SDC Platinum-tietokantaa, josta on saatu kaikki Euroopassa muodostetut energia-alan allianssit vuosina 1990–2009. SDC Platinum-tietokannasta saatavaa aineistoa on kuvailtu ja analysoitu laadullisin menetelmin.