Índice de sustentabilidade municipal: uma abordagem fuzzy para um sistema de apoio a decisão

Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais - Sorocaba

Avaliação da aplicação de ondas de ultra-som sobre cimentos de ionômero de vidro: rugosidade superficial e dureza

The application of ultrasonic waves during the initial setting of the glass ionomer cements (GIC) has demonstrated increase of the cure speed, reduction of air bubbles and improves in some mechanical properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the ultrasound on the microhardness and the superficial roughness in two GICs (FUJI IX GP (GC Corporation) and Ketac Molar EasyMix (3M ESPE)). Forty specimens were confectioned, twenty for evaluation of the superficial roughness and twenty for evaluation of the microhardness. Half of them received for thirty seconds the ultrasonic waves application. The readings of the roughness had been carried before and after the toothbrushing test. The twenty remaining specimens had been polished with abrasive sandpapers of decreasing granulations and submitted to the hardness test. The results, analyzed for the variance analysis (ANOVA) (p<0,05), had demonstrated increase of the hardness for all the groups with the application of ultrasonic waves, being bigger for the Ketac Molar EasyMix. The ultrasound application also caused significant reduction of the superficial roughness for the Ketac Molar EasyMix. After the toothbrushing test, this last property increased for all the materials. It could be concluded that the application of ultrasonic waves was effective in increasing the superficial hardness of the materials and that it improved the roughness of the Ketac Molar EasyMix before the toothbrushing test.

Desgaste e rugosidade superficial de um cimento de ionômero de vidro nanoparticulado

To compare the abrasion wear resistance and superficial roughness of different glass ionomer cements used as restorative materials, focusing on a new nanoparticulate material. Material and Method: Three glass ionomer cements were evaluated: Ketac Molar, Ketac N100 and Vitremer (3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA), as well as the Filtek Z350 (3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA). For each material were fabricated circular specimens (n=12), respecting the handling mode specified by the manufacturer, which were polished with sandpaper disks of decreasing grit. The wear was determined by the amount of mass (M) lost after brushing (10,000 cycles) and the roughness (Ra) using a surface roughness tester. The difference between the Minitial and Mfinal (ΔM) as well as beroughness of aesthetic restorative materials: an in vitro comparison. SADJ. 2001; 56(7): 316-20. 11. Yip HK, Peng D, Smales RJ. Effects of APF gel on the physical structure of compomers and glass ionomer cements. Oper. Dent. 2001; 26(3): 231-8. 12. Ma T, Johnson GH, Gordon GE. Effects of chemical disinfectants on the surface characteristics and color of denture resins. J Prosthet Dent 1997; 77(2): 197-204. 13. International organization for standardization. Technical specification 14569-1. Dental Materials – guidance on testing of wear resistance – PART I: wear by tooth brushing. Switzerland: ISO; 1999. 14. Bollen CML, Lambrechts P, Quirynen M. Comparison of surface roughness of oral hard materials to the threshold surface roughness for bacterial plaque retention: a review of the literature. Dent Mater.1997; 13(4): 258-9. 15. Kielbassa AM, Gillmann C, Zantner H, Meyer-Lueckel H, Hellwig E, Schulte-Mönting J. Profilometric and microradiographic studies on the effects of toothpaste and acidic gel abrasivity on sound and demineralized bovine dental enamel. Caries Res. 2005; 39(5): 380-6. 16. Tanoue N, Matsumara H, Atsuta M. Wear and surface roughness of current prosthetic composites after toothbrush/dentifrice abrasion. J Prosthet Dent. 2000; 84(1): 93-7. 17. Heath JR, Wilson HJ. Abrasion of restorative materials by toothpaste. J Oral Rehabil. 1976; 3(2): 121-38. 18. Frazier KB, Rueggeberg FA, Mettenburg DJ. Comparasion of wearresistance of class V restorative materials. J Esthet Dent. 1998; 10(6): 309-14. 19. Momoi Y, Hirosakil K, Kohmol A, McCabe JF. In vitro toothebrushdentifrrice abrasion of resin-modified glass ionomers. Dent Mater. 1997; 13(2): 82-8. 20. Turssi CP, Magalhães CS, Serra MC, Rodrigues Jr.AL. Surface roughness assessment of resin-based materials during brushing preceded by pHcycling simulations. Oper Dent. 2001; 26(6): 576-84. 21. Wang L, Cefaly DF, Dos Santos JL, Dos Santos JR, Lauris JR, Mondelli RF, et al. In vitro interactions between lactic acid solution and art glassionomer cements. J Appl Oral Sci. 2009; 17(4): 274-9. 22. Carvalho FG, Fucio SB, Paula AB, Correr GM, Sinhoreti MA, PuppinRontani RM. Child toothbrush abrasion effect on ionomeric materials. J Dent Child (Chic). 2008; 75(2): 112-6. 23. Coutinho E, Cardoso MV, De Munck J, Neves AA, Van Landuyt KL, Poitevin A, et al. Bonding effectiveness and interfacial characterization of a nano-filled resin-modified glass-ionomer. Dent Mater. 2009; 25(11): 1347-57. tween Rainitial and Rafinal (ΔRa) were also used for statistical analysis (α=0.05). Results: Except for the composite, significant loss of mass was observed for all glass ionomer cements and the ΔM was comparable for all of them. Significant increase in roughness was observed only for Vitremer and Ketac N100. At the end of the brushing cycle, just Vitremer presented surface roughness greater than the composite resin. Conclusion: All glass ionomer cements showed significant weight loss after 10,000 cycles of brushing. However, only Vitremer showed an increase of roughness greater than the Z350 resin, while the nanoparticulate cement Ketac N100 showed a smooth surface comparable to the composite.

Avaliação do índice de Litle em indivíduos que utilizaram o aparelho funcional T4K

The study aimed to assess the degree of dental crowding correction on the lower anterior region of patients treated with T4k functional appliance using Little’s irregularity index. Twenty caucasian patients of both gender (10 female and 10 male) were selected. They featured malocclusion Class I and II in mixed dentition, with chronological age between 5.7 and 11 years. The treatment lasted from 1 year and 11 months up to 3 years and 11 months. Lower anterior crowding was measured using Little’s irregularity index. Measurements were obtained on study models achieved before and after functional orthopedic therapy, using a digital caliper in millimeters and placed parallel to the occlusal plane. Overjet and overbite measurements were also performed using a caliper. Results demonstrated that the therapy provided significant decrease in overjet (average = 1.55 mm) and also in the irregularity index (average = 1.23 mm). There was a nonsignificant raise in overbite. There was no relation between the studied variables and the treatment period or even with the patient’s age in the beginning of the therapy. The treatment with T4k resulted on reduction and improvement of dental crowding.

Dureza e rugosidade superficial de cimentos de ionômero de vidro após ensaio de escovação

To evaluate the surface roughness and Vickers hardness of glass ionomer cements Ketac Molar® and Ketac Molar Easy Mix® (ESPE Dental AG) after brushing. Methods – After roughness and hardness tests of 14 specimens of each material, they were submitted to 30,000 brushing cycles and new analysis of roughness and hardness. Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the materials in relation to the initial roughness. Results – However, after brushing there was higher surface roughness for Ketac Molar Easy Mix®. For both materials, there was increase of hardness after brushing and the highest values were presented by Ketac Molar Easy Mix®. Conclusion – It can be concluded that, when choosing a glass ionomer cement for restoration it should be preferred to Ketac Molar, because it showed hardness similar to Ketac Molar Easy Mix, but it was less rough.

Efeitos de diferentes sistemas de clareamento dental sobre a rugosidade e morfologia superficial do esmalte e de uma resina composta restauradora

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the roughness and superficial morphology of enamel and a composite restorative resin after different bleaching techniques application. Material and Methods: Bovine incisors were selected and standardized cavities were prepared on the buccal surface, which were restored with composite resin. The teeth were distributed according to the following treatments: G1- bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP); G2 - bleaching with 38% hydrogen peroxide (HP); and G3 - bleaching with 38% of HP associated to light irradiation. For G1, the bleaching gel was applied for 8 hours daily during 21 days. For G2 and G3, 3 sessions were performed, consisting of 3 applications of 15 minutes each, with 7 days of intervals between the sessions. For G3, the LED (470nm) light was used to activate the bleaching agent for 6 minutes. The surface of enamel and composite resin were evaluated before and after the bleaching procedures using a roughness tester and an atomic force microscope. Results: The results showed significant differences in surface roughness of enamel after bleaching only for G1 (Wilcoxon, p<0.05). For composite resin, neither group showed a statistical difference compared to control (Mann-Whitney, p>0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that the increase in the roughness of enamel occurred only after bleaching therapy using a gel with 10% of CP. The bleaching procedures evaluated in this investigation did not increase the roughness or cause changes in the superficial morphology of the composite resin.

Microdureza e rugosidade superficial do esmalte submetido ao clareamento: uma revisão de literatura

The increasing importance of aesthetic in the Dentistry for the patients and the consumers brought a constant rise in the number of products and procedures to facilitate the confection of the dental bleaching. Concomitantly, thone was a sudden increase in the number of research and publications, in vitro and in vivo, about its possible adverse reactions. Through literature revision this study aims to verify the possible morphologic alterations of the submitted enamel and dentine with different bleaching agents making critical analysis of the results of the current research with relation to the study of the microhardness and superficial roughness.

Análise comparativa da rugosidade superficial de resinas compostas de alta densidade

The success achieved by the use of composite resins in anterior teeth precipitately leads their use in posterior teeth. However, the indiscriminate application of these materials in cavities with several diverse sizes rapidly pointed out their lack of resistance to oclusal and proximal wear. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the surface roughness of composite resin in relation to finishing and polishing technique. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eight experimental groups (n = 15) were divided according to finishing and polishing technique: G1 – Z250TM composite resin without surface finishing and polishing; G2 – Z250TM composite resin plus surface finishing and polishing; G3 – P60TM composite resin without surface finishing and polishing; G4 – P60TM composite resin plus surface finishing and polishing; G5 – Prodigy CondensableTM composite resin without surface finishing and polishing; G6 – Prodigy CondensableTM composite resin plus surface finishing and polishing; G7 – SurefillTM composite resin without surface finishing and polishing; G8 – SurefillTM composite resin plus surface finishing and polishing. Three packable and one microhybrid (control group) composite resin was used. The surface roughness was measured using a profilometer at three points in each sample. The results were evaluated by ANOVA and Tukey test (p < 0.05). RESULTS: Prodigy CondensableTM composite resin showed the lowest surface roughness, while SurefillTM showed the highest surface roughness. Comparing the resins used, only between P60TM and SurefillTM there were no statistically significant differences (p > 0,05). CONCLUSION: Surface roughness was lower in all types of resin composites surfaces in contact with Mylar matrix strip than in areas submitted to finishing and polishing procedure.

Comparação entre a variação da pressão de pulso e o índice de variabilidade pletismográfica como índices dinâmicos de pré-carga em cães anestesiados com isoflurano submetidos à hemorragia hipotensiva por reposição volêmica

Pós-graduação em Anestesiologia - FMB

Cálculo e implementação do índice de Desenvolvimento da Gestão Municipal (IDGM) no município de Itabaiana/Se

The scarcity of resources which frequently confronts the State, coupled with demands to provide assistance to a needy population, requires that public administrators formulate efficient and effective policies to pursue its goals. It is fundamental that such policies are based on solid information of existing conditions. As such, the availability of reliable and updated socio-economic indicators is an important tool on which to fundament public policies. The present paper aims to present a Municipal Development Index – Municipal Management Development Index (IDGM) – calculated for the city of Itabaiana/SE, and is divided in two sections. The first discusses the concept of economic development and the evolution of measurement frameworks, with emphasis on the IHD and some of its limitations. The second section describes an estimated IDGM for the city of Itabaiana, as well as its methodology, results, and a brief comparative analysis with four municipalities from the state of São Paulo. Itabaiana’s IDGM reached 849 points (the maximum is 1.000), which infers a good developmental condition.

Alteração do índice biespectral antes e após estimulação elétrica ou mecânica em cães anestesiados pelo isofluorano

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Índice geométrico e perda de carga localizada em conexões de emissores "online"

The objective of this research is to present a study on a relationship between the local head loss in connection of emitters in pipes with different diameters used in drip irrigation, with the online geometry of the emitter connectors, that allows an easy quantification of such head loss regarding of the size of the connectors. The experiment was carried out according to the Reynolds Numbers at a turbulent flow interval, obtained by the variation of the pipe outflow at a constant temperature of water. The results indicated that the friction factor of the Darcy-Weisbach equation can be estimated by the Blasius equation with the coefficients b = 0.300 and m = 0.25, for the above mentioned pipes. The head losses produced by the connections of the emitters, in relation to the pipe without emitter, was of 62%. A relationship between the kinetic load coefficient (K) and the index of blockage (IO) provoked by the online connector is presented by an algebraic equation which shows a coefficient of adjustment of approximately 96%.

Índice de importância de diferentes espécies de plantas na atração de aves para uma área reflorestada em Piracicaba

A restauração de áreas degradadas pode beneficiar espécies típicas do ambiente original, com a expansão e criação de habitats, tornando-se uma ferramenta de extrema importância para a conservação. Frugívoros atraídos por plantas zoocóricas utilizadas em plantios não apenas podem dispersar sementes dessas plantas como também trazer sementes alóctones, promovendo a diversidade genética local. Assim, é fundamental entender as condições em que o processo de dispersão de sementes opera, a fim de subsidiar programas de recuperação ambiental. Este trabalho avaliou a importância das espécies: embaúba (Cecropia pachystachya), pitanga (Eugenia uniflora), figueira-do-brejo (Ficus insipida), aroeira-pimenteira (Schinus terebinthifolius), pau-pólvora (Trema micranta), fumo-bravo (Solanum mauritianum) na atração de aves frugívoras em uma Área de Preservação Permanente de 6,2 ha replantada em 2006 no município de Piracicaba, São Paulo. Apenas C. pachystachya, E. uniflora e F. insipida foram utilizadas no plantio, o que indica que as outras espécies foram introduzidas pela fauna. Observações focais foram realizadas em pelo menos dois indivíduos de cada espécie, totalizando dez horas de observação por espécie. Foram registradas 29 espécies de aves alimentandose dos frutos. Utilizando-se de uma adaptação da fórmula de Murray (2000) para o índice de importância na atração da avifauna, foram encontrados os valores de 0,086 para C. pachystachya, 0,031 para E. uniflora, 0,020 para F. insipida, 0,123 para S. terebinthifolius, 0,083 para S. mauritianum e 0,623 para T. micrantha. O grande valor observado para essa última em relação às outras pode ser justificado pelo grande número de espécies visitantes e de relações exclusivas, especialmente com aves que são predominantemente insetívoras ou granívoras. A importância de T. micrantha provavelmente se deve à alta concentração de lipídios em seu fruto. Os...

Influência do tratamento clareador e envelhecimento induzido sobre o brilho, cor, dureza e rugosidade superficial de resinas compostas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Níveis de biomassa de R. gelatinosus na ração de frangos de corte, consumo e índice de conversão alimentar

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)