Investigação química e biológica dos metabólitos secundários derivados de macroalgas marinhas e microrganismos associados

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Effects of cotton cultivars differing in gossypol content on the quality of Aphis gossypii as prey for two species of Coccinellidae

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Análise Isotópica de Carbono-13 e Nitrogênio-15 da Ipomoea violacea para Determinação de sua Origem Geográfica

Along the Earth globe we can find many types of psychoactive plants. Among them is the Ipomoea violacea, popularly known as Morning Glory. There are ergotalkaloids producer associated-fungus in its leaves and seeds. One of these alkaloids that can be found is the ergine (or LSA), a homologous substance of the lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). There are many discussions around the world about the inclusion of LSA in the list of controlled substances. In Brazil, this was recently prohibited. One of the most important point of view in the study of isotopic composition of 13C and 15N of this plant is the fact that there is a total alkaloid variation in function of its geographic origin like was verified in 1960’s, besides to aggregate knowledge about it. This work was made to verify if the isotopic ratio can be used as a tool in tracing this illegal Brazilian plant. We could conclude that this plant presents a C3 photosynthetic pathway, its parts has different isotopic carbon and nitrogen composition and that stable isotope analysis can be successfully used as a tool to detect its geographic origin

Alterações hepáticas em cães intoxicados experimentalmente por sementes de Crotalaria spectabilis

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Estudo fitoquímico e propriedades biológicas da Dipteryx alata Vogel (baru)

Pós-graduação em Ciência dos Materiais - FEIS

Espectalina, cassina e análogos semissintéticos como potenciais candidatos a fármacos para o tratamento da doença de Alzheimer

This paper describes the main steps in the study of Senna spectabilis, as part of our bioprospection studies, with the isolation of spectaline, cassine and other piperidine alkaloids, as well as the preparation of semi-synthetic analogues, and the studies of their pharmacological and toxicological properties, which led to the establishment of two candidate drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer disease.

Síntese de tetra-hidropiridinas por meio de reações multicomponentes

Multicomponent Reactions are defined as reactions between three or more reagents in a single reaction step in the same reaction vial, forming a product that includes the majority of atoms and structural characteristics of the reagents. Thus these reactions save time and energy. One of the ways to improve the yield and reaction time of a multicomponent reaction is to use different catalysts, an example of catalyst that shows great potential and has been studied in recent years is the molecular iodine is known to be a Lewis acid with high catalytic power. The functionalized piperidines, also known as tetrahydropyridines, are alkaloids that have pharmacological potential, this is due to the piperidine ring present in many natural product structures with muscarinic activity, nicotine, analgesic, antipsychotic, anti-proliferative, among others. In this paper we describe studies about on the application of molecular iodine (I2) in the multicomponent reaction between aniline derivatives, benzaldehyde and β-ketoester (methyl acetoacetate) for the synthesis of functionalized piperidines and the synthesis of a corresponding piperidone by acid hydrolysis. Data analysis allowed us to demonstrate the efficacy of molecular iodine in the synthesis of functionalized piperidines, obtaining results with yields 44-87% and short reaction time of 8 to 24 hours, and the efficacy of acid hydrolysis of enamine in the structure of the tetrahydropyridine derivative in a yield of 81%

Alelopatia de manjericão e uso do preparado homeopático Nux vomica em alface

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

Phytotoxicity of Solanum aculeatissimum Jacq: leaves extract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the phytotoxicity of Solanum aculeatissimum Jacq. leaves ethanolic extract in seeds germination, development and fixation of Lactuca sativa seedlings. The same study also aimed to assess the mitotic index of lettuce roots meristematic cells, quantification of phenols and total flavonoids and triage by mean of phytochemical testing of the main secondary metabolites classes. Bioassays of germination, development of root and hypocotyl were carried out in Petri dishes using achenes of Lactuca sativa L. cv. 'Grand Rapids' (lettuce). Concomitantly, were evaluated the physico-chemical characteristics (pH, osmotic potential and electrical conductivity), mitotic index, quantification of total phenols and flavonoids and determination of phytochemical profile of the treatments extract. The results obtained in the bioassays demonstrate that the ethanol extract of S. aculeatissimuma presents phytotoxic potential in the development of lettuce seedlings, given that the concentration of 20 mg/ml showed greater inhibition (41% of germination). The extract contains significant amounts of antioxidants, total flavonoid and phenols, where the concentration 1000µg/mL showed higher values (86.50%). Furthermore, it was possible to observe the presence of compounds with allelopathic activity in the phytochemical screening test as coumarins, tannins, terpenes, flavonoids and alkaloids. Given the above it is clear that the ethanolic extract of S. aculeatissimum presents allelopathic substances with phytotoxic activity that can affect the germination and development of other plant species in their natural environment.

Glandular trichome diversity on leaves of Lippia origanoides and Lippia stachyoides (Verbenaceae): morphology, histochemistry, and ultrastructure

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação farmacognóstica qualitativa das folhas do vegetal Bambusa textilis

Introduction: Bamboos belong to the family Graminae, Bambusoidae subfamily, represented by about 1,250 species worldwide. Originally employed in construction and power, are currently the subject of investigations related to its therapeutic properties in neoplasms. The main species used for therapeutic purposes based on popular knowledge are: Phyllostachys nigra; Bambusa breiflora; tuldoides Bambusa textilis and Bambusa. The literature on the therapeutic action of bamboo species is scarce, but recent studies report a promising effect in the treatment of cancer and other chronic diseases. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate qualitatively the phytochemical composition of plant extract obtained from the leaves of the bamboo species Bambusa textilis, comparing this composition from vegetable leaves with 18 and 24 months of age. Methodology: After collecting plant leaves with 18 or 24 months, they were identified and submitted to drying and milling. For qualitative analysis of its components were employed methods of macroscopic evaluation (mucilage), method of benzoin (resin), reaction Shinoda (flavonoids), reaction with gelatin solution (tannins), boiling and foaming (saponins) and jobs of reactive Wagner, Bertrand, Dragendorff, Mayer, picric acid and tannic acid (alkaloids) (Biavatti; MILK, 2007). Results: in the youngest leaves were found positive for alkaloids, flavonoids, resins and saponins. In the leaves of the plant with 24 months were found only alkaloids flavonoids and resins. Conclusion: the composition of vegetable substances were found associated with a significant therapeutic potential difference and the phytochemical composition in comparison with plant leaves 18 or 24 months. Additional studies are needed to quantify these components, as well as the clarification of its action in the fight against cancer and chronic diseases.

Estudo fitoquímico e biológico dos extratos das folhas de Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Bentham

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estudo fitoquímico e biológico dos extratos das folhas de Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Bentham

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Cyclopropane- and spirolimonoids and related compounds from Hortia oreadica

The dichloromethane extract from taproots of Hortia oreadica afforded six limonoids, these are 9,11-dehydro-12 alpha-acetoxyhortiolide A, hortiolide C, 11 alpha-acetoxy-15-deoxy-6-hydroxyhortiolide C, hortiolide D, hortiolide E, 12 beta-hydroxyhortiolide E, in addition to the known limonoid, guyanin. The dichloromethane extract from stems of H. oreadica also afforded two limonoids 9,11-dehydro12 alpha-hydroxyhortiolide A and 6-hydroxyhortiolide C. As a result of this study and literature data, Hortia has been shown to produce highly specialized limonoids that are similar to those from the Flindersia (Flindersioideae). The taxonomy of Hortia has been debatable, with most authors placing it in the Toddalioideae. Considering the complexity of the isolated limonoids, Hortia does not show any close affinity to the genera of Toddalioideae. That is, the limonoids appear to be of little value in resolving the taxonomic situation of Hortia. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

PHYTOCHEMICAL AND CHEMOSYSTEMATICS STUDIES OF Conchocarpus marginatus AND C. inopinatus (Rutaceae)

PHYTOCHEMICAL AND CHEMOSYSTEMATICS STUDIES OF Conchocarpus marginatus AND C. inopinatus (Rutaceae). Phytochemical studies of the leaves and stem have led to the identification of the known acridone alkaloids arborinine, methylarborinine, 1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-N-methyl acridone, xanthoxoline, 1,2,3,5-tetramethoxy-N-methylacridone, toddaliopsin C and the new seco acridone alkaloid inopinatin. The known quinoline alkaloids 2-phenyl-1-methyl-quinolin-4(1H)-one, 2-phenyl-1-methyl-7-methoxy-quinolin-4(1H)-one, dictamnine, and the coumarins scopoletin and marmesin were also isolated. The isolated compounds and the distribution of secondary metabolites, which are systematically important, obtained from literature, clearly confirmed that some species formerly described in the genera Angostura and Galipea in fact shall belong to the genus Conchocarpus.