Toxicidade aguda do sulfato de cobre e do extrato aquoso de folhas secas de nim para o caramujo (Pomacea canaliculata)

Snails can become an environmental and economic problem, causing substantial losses. The objective of this work was to estimate the acute toxicity of copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4.5H2O) and the aqueous extract of dried neem leaves on snails (P. canaliculata) under laboratory conditions. In order to estimate the lethal concentration 50% (LC (I)50;96h), snails were exposed to six increasing copper sulfate concentrations (0.0; 0.01; 0.03; 0.05; 0.07 and 0.1 mg L-1) and six increasing concentrations of aqueous extract of dried neem leaves 0.0; 100; 125; 150; 175 and 200 mL aqueous extract of dried neem leaves L-1 water, equivalent to (0.0; 1.18; 1.47; 1.77; 2.06 and 2.36 mg azadirachtin L -1), in triplicate and one control treatment in an entirely random delineation. Estimated LC (I)50;96h, of copper sulfate was 0.02 mg copper sulfate L-1, with a 0.01 mg L-1 lower limit and a 0.03 mg L-1 upper limit. Estimated lethal concentration 50% of the aqueous extract of dried neem leaves was 142.75 mL L-1, equivalent to 1.68 mg L-1 of azadirachtine, with a 130.89 mL L-1 (1.54 mg L-1) low limit and 155.69 mL L-1 (1.83 mg L -1) as the upper limit.

Atividade anti-micobacteriana de extratos de folhas de Byrsonima crassa Nied

In this study, the antimycobacterial activity of chloroformic and methanolic extracts obtained from Byrsonima crassa leaves was evaluated. Antimycobacterial activity was assessed through the microtechnique named Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA) and the promising active principles were identified by spectrophotometric analysis. The chloroformic extract presenting 62.5 μg mL-1 minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) showed to be active against tuberculosis bacillus. The MIC value of the methanolic extract was 1000 μg mL-1. For the chloroformic one , phytochemical analysis indicated that antimycobacterial activity might be related to the presence of triterpenes.

rastreamento histoquímico, fitoquímico e biológico de folhas de Plinia cauliflora (DC.) Kausel (Myrtaceae)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Doses de Nitrogênio na Produção de rabanete fertirrigado e determinação de clorofila por medidor portátil nas folhas

The relative chlorophyll determination is used to predict the need for nitrogen fertilization aiming to increase production in various cultures. The objective of this study was to evaluate the soil nitrogen dose response added to the soil via fertigation in radish production and the relation between chlorophyll and cultivar Redondo Vermelho leaf nitrogen content. Transverse diameter of root, leaf area, green index, leaf N contents, shoots (stem) production, number of commercial and noncommercial roots, and the total commercial mass roots were evaluated. The N doses didn't interfere in the radish production and the readings taken with portable chlorophyll meter are not very accurate in ascertaining the level of N on radish plant growth.

Sementes de feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata L. (Walp), tratadas com extrato de folhas de nim (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) avaliação da germinação e da incidência de fungos

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of neem on germination and fungi incidence on seeds of three cultivars (Serrinha, BR 17 and Maranhão) of cowpea. Neem leaves were dryed, crushed and prepared dilutions of 0.5; 1.0; 2.0, 4.0 g dm -3and control. The fungi incidence was evaluated by the test filter paper and germination according to the Rules for Seeds Testing (Regras para Análise de Sementes). In the three cultivars analyzed, reduction in the incidence of Aspergillus sp and Fusarium sp was observed. In relation to the influence of extracts of neem leaves on seed germination, significant effect of extract in Maranhão cultivar was observed, where all concentrations differed from the control, and propovided a considerable increase in the percentage of normal seedlings. It was concluded that the leaf extract of neem was effective in controlling Aspergillus sp, Fusarium sp , Phoma sp and Macrophomina phaseolina at different concentrations in different cultivars and seed germination was stimulated for the Maranhão cultivar.

Dinâmica de cátions na raiz e folhas de berinjela cultivada sobre doses crescentes de potássio oriundas de duas fontes

This study was conducted at the Department of Plant Production, Sector Horticulture, UNESP - Botucatu, SP, Brazil, in order to assess the dynamics of cationic nutrients in roots and leaves and effects on dry matter production of roots and shoots in eggplant grown on conditions of increasing doses of potassium from two distinct sources (KCl and K 2SO 4). The experiment was arranged in randomized blocks in factorial 2 × 4 (two sources of potassium, KCl and K 2SO 4 and four doses of each source equivalent, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 kg ha -1 K 2O) comprising eight treatments with three replicates. For the experiment we used Oxisol medium texture (615 g of sand, silt 45 g and 340 g clay per kg soil). The characteristics evaluated were: soil electrical conductivity, mass of shoot and root material, content and ratio of K +, Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ in roots and leaves of eggplant. We conclude that excessive doses of sources of K 2O affected the production of dry matter of roots and shoots, as well as electrical conductivity. The accumulation and the relationship of Ca2+/K+, Mg 2+/K + were affected by increased K + concentration; K 2SO 4 was the fertilizer that was less damaging.

Folhas de amoreira tratadas com vitamina e esterol e seus efeitos em parâmetros biológicos de Bombyx mori L.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of adding different concentrations of the leaf additives nandrolone decanoate, ascorbic acid, retinol palmitate and retinol acetate on biological parameters of Bombyx mori larvae. The results showed that nandrolone and ascorbic acid, both at 0.5%, provide the best value for the development of the larvae of B. mori, values which do not correspond to significant increases in cocoon and silk production; 1.0% of retinol palmitate show negative effect to larvae development.

Concentração letal LC50 do extrato aquoso de folhas de terminalia catappa em guaru, phalloceros caudimaculatus

This trial was conducted in order to determine the 50% lethal concentration (LC (I) 50-96h) of the aqueous extract of dried leaves of Terminalia catappa, a plant with antifungal, antibacterial and antiparasitic activity. Due to the increasing use of herbal medicines in aquaculture, its use is an option for controlling diseases in fish. Toxicity tests are important before recommending any treatment, since some products have therapeutic concentration close to lethal. To conduct the study used 135 fish species Guarus (Phalloceros caudimaculatus), exposed to increasing concentrations of: 0.0, 50.0, 100.0, 150.0, 200.0, 250.0, 300.0 mL of stock solution per liter of water. The results were calculated by the method Trimmed Spearman Karbo, demonstrating that the 50% lethal concentration (LC (I) 50-96h) estimated was 208.52 mL / L, with lower limit of 187.79 mL / L and higher 231.54 mL / L. Observed changes in behavior of the test organisms at concentrations above 250 mL / L decrease in the levels of dissolved oxygen and pH. Concentrations below 250 mL /L result in mortality rate near zero, so the aqueous extract shown low toxicity.

Escala diagramática para quantificação da severidade de manchas em folhas de Eucalyptus globulus Labill. causadas por Teratosphaeria nubilosa (Cooke) Crous & U. Braun

The leaf spot (Mycosphaerella leaf disease = MLD) caused by Teratosphaeria nubilosa has caused damage in eucalypt plantations in southern and southeastern Brazil. The need to assess the disease in the field to evaluate of this damage, efficiency control, evaluation of germplasm induces to the necessity of having a visual scale for evaluation of disease. The objective was to develop a diagrammatic scale for young leaves and one for adult leaves of Eucalyptus globules for MLD. To do so, the leaves collected in the field were scanned for image analysis. The damaged area, the healthy leaf area and the external area of the same scale RGB (Red, Green, Blue) were determined. Subsequently, it was determinate the levels of severity depending on the sample distribution with seven levels for young leaves and six for adult leaves. For the visual acuity test and validate the scale, the leaves were evaluated for severity, with and without scale. With this proposed scales, the assessors showed good accuracy both for young and adult leaves with R2=0,98 and R2=0,80, respectively. The importance of the development of diagrammatic scales for assessing MLD in eucalyptus must to the fact that allows quantification of the symptoms accurately and precisely.

Interação patógeno-hospedeiro no patossistema capim limão-ferrugem das folhas e avaliação de ingredientes ativos naturais no controle da doença

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Anamnese e associação livre como estruturas dramatúrgicas na peça As folhas do cedro

Pós-graduação em Artes - IA

Engenheiros dos ecossistemas em plantas: modificações arquiteturais de folhas por largatas de Lepidoptera influenciam a estrutura de comunidades de artrópodes

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Respostas de trocas gasosas e fluorescência da clorofila A em folhas verticais de Styrax camporum Pohl. (Styracaceae) submetida à deficiência hídrica

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Características bioquímicas em cascas, folhas e talos de vegetais pós-colheita em sistema de produção convencional e orgânico

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Amostragem de folhas em cafeeiro para fins de diagnose do estado nutricional

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV