Efeitos Ambientais sobre Ganho de Peso no Período do Nascimento ao Desmame em Bovinos da Raça Nelore

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Interferentes eritrocitários e ambientais na anemia falciforme

Erythrocytes and environmental interferences on sickle cell anaemia Sickle cell anaemia runs na extremely variable clinical course At one end of spectrum, it is characterized by a crippling haemolitic anaemia, interspersed with severe exacerbations, or crises, yet it may be an extremely mild disorder, which is found only by chance on rotine haematological examination. The reasons are only partly understood for these remarkable differences in phenotypic expression of what appears to be the same genetic defect: they include the level of Hb Fetal, coinheritance of the alpha thalassaemia and of other genetic variantsthat has influence as genetic modulation in sickle cell anaemia. However, other genetics abnormalities of erythrocytes: G-6PD deficiency, spherocytosis and deficiencies of anti-oxidant enzymes(SOD, GPx and Catalase) probably interfereon the clinical course of sickle cell anaemia. The haplotypes of the chromosome (Bantu, Benin, Camaroon and Arab-Indian) bearing the sickle gene is associated with assorted haematological and clinical features that are likely, at least in part, to be mediated throgh effects on Hb Fetal concentration. Beyond these factors characterizes as erythrocytes interferents, there are the environmental interferents. Between environmental interferents become detached the socio-economic and cultural situation of each patient. These aspects have influence on the life of affected individuals including social interactions, family relations, peer interaction, intimate relationships, education, enployment, violence, spiritual attitudes and navigating complexities of the health care system, providers and their ancillary functions. As a result of this article it is proposed a protocol of laboratorial management of sickle cell syndrome with detach to sickle cell anaemia.

Análise da transformação do uso da terra, vegetação e impactos ambientais por meio de sensoriamento remoto e geoprocessamento

The mapping of the land use, vegetation and environmental impacts using remote sensing and geoprocessing allows detection, spatial representation and quantifying all alterations due to the human action in the nature, contributing to the monitoring and planning of those activities that cause damages to the environment. The aim of this research is analyze the transformation ocurred with the land use and vegetation in order to detect environmental impacts during the period from 1962 to 1995, considering a test area in the district of Assistência and surroundings, in the Rio Claro (SP) region. In order to archieve such aim the authors used boolean operations available in the Geographical Information System (GIS) - Idrisi. The maps were obtained through the ordinary (conventional) interpretation of aerial photos, later digitized in the software CAD Overlay and georeferenced in AutoCAD Map. It's observed that operations such as crossing digitized maps of one specific area in two differents dates, using GIS, produce overall results that might point out expansion or retraction's trends of the mapped classes, as well as quantify the intensity of the phenomena.

Mapeamento do uso da terra, vegetação e impactos ambientais por meio de sensoriamento remoto e geoprocessamento

The mapping of the land use, vegetation and environmental impacts using remote sensing ana geoprocessmg allow detection, spatial representation and quantification of the alterations caused by the human action on the nature, contributing to the monitoring and planning of those activities that may cause damages to the environment. This study apply methodologies based on digital processing of orbital images for the mapping of the land use, vegetation and anthropic activities that cause impacts in the environment. It was considered a test area in the district of Assistência and surroundings, in Rio Claro (SP) region. The methodology proposed was checked through the crossing of maps in the software GIS - Idrisi. These maps either obtained with conventional interpretation of aerial photos of 1995, digitized in the software CAD Overlay and geo-referenced in the AutoCAD Map, or with the application of digital classification systems on SPOT-XS and PAN orbital images of 1995, followed by field observations. The crossing of conventional and digital maps of a same area with the CIS allows to verify the overall results obtained through the computational handling of orbital images. With the use of digital processing techniques, specially multiespectral classification, it is possible to detect automatically and visually the impacts related to the mineral extraction, as well as to survey the land use, vegetation and environmental impacts.

Impactos ambientais da mineração no estado de São Paulo

Generally, mining causes significant impact over the environment, since this activity often involves suppression of vegetation, soil exposure and erosion resulting in important changes in the quantity and quality of surface and ground-waters and in air pollution, among other negative effects. The prevention and mitigation of these impacts in the State of Sao Paulo are made through the environmental licensing. Another way of environmental management includes programs like mining and environmental zoning and regional mining director plans. But there is clear dissociation between the actions effectively taken and those recommended in the projects, limiting the recovery of degraded areas to measures that only attenuate the visual impact. this paper presents considerations on the subject and challenges of the industry to adapt to the Federal Constitution and the National Policy on Environment.

Considerações acerca dos impactos ambientais decorrentes da implantação de reservatórios hidrelétricos com ênfase nos efeitos ocorrentes em aqüíferos livres e suas conseqüências

This paper discusses the process of induced elevation in the watertable adjacent to the hydroelectric reservoir after its filling, once the dam is completed and the impoundment of the river begins. It is presented a discussion on the main impacts caused by the installation of such enterprise, focusing on induced elevation, considering how the process of change in groundwater evolves and presenting synthesis of previous studies developed on this.

Notas sobre o acesso aos mercados e a formação de uma Area de Livre-Comércio com os Estados Unidos

Incluye Bibliografía

Oportunidades para a coordenação de políticas agrícolas e ambientais no Brasil

Incluye Bibliografía

Superação de dormência e influência dos fatores ambientais na germinação de sementes de Spermacoce latifolia

Understanding basic information on weed biology contributes to the implementation of appropriate management and control strategies. Thus, this work was developed to evaluate the germination of Spermacoce latifolia Aubl. seeds, an important weed in reforestation areas. The seeds were subjected to dormancy break treatments, in which the mechanical scarification, chemical treatment (H2SO 4 and KNO 3), heat treatment, and control, were evaluated. Three more tests were done determinate the effects of temperature (10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C), light filters (absence of light and red, green, yellow, distant red, blue, orange and clear light) and water availability (0.0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8 and -1.0 MPa) on the seeds germination and vigor. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design with four replications, and the experimental plot was constituted by gerbox plastic boxes with 50 seeds. The mechanical scarification (sanding) provided the best dormancy break, indicating that Spermacoce latifolia seeds have tegument water impermeability. The seeds showed higher germination percentage under conditions of mild water stress (-0.2 MPa) and the optimal temperature was 25°C. The blue light reduced seed germination.

Efeitos ambientais da disposição oceânica de esgotos por meio de emissários submarinos: Uma revisão

Oceanic disposal systems of domestic sewage, or submarine sewage outfalls, have been historically used around the world as a solution for urban effluents, in special due to economic aspects. However, release into the ocean, in shallow or deep waters, may induce a set of negative environmental impacts, as eutrophication, toxic algal blooms, pathogenic microorganisms introduction and contamination by chemical substances which are capable of causing toxic effects to the biota and bioaccumulation. Thus, the release of untreated sewage into the sea does not constitute an adequate environmental practice; then, urban effluents should be treated in order to remove nutrients, contaminants and pathogenic organisms and avoid environmental degradation.

Espacialização das estimativas de contaminação de águas subterrâneas por Tebuthiuron

Improper use of pesticides can lead to significant environmental impacts such as, contamination of environmental compartments, being the aquatic compartments the most vulnerable. In this context, the spatialization of pesticides concentrations estimative in groundwater provides important insights for decision making in managing and monitoring pesticides use. This study aimed to spatialize estimatives of groundwater contamination by Tebuthiuron, from different irrigation depths in the Rio Pardo basin, Pardinho-SP, Brazil. The simulations were performed using the ARAquá computer system, considering 0mm, 200 mm and 400 mm annual irrigation depths. Geostatistical techniques were used to obtain the spatial distribution of the simulated estimative. Tebuthiuron maps estimating concentration in groundwater were obtained by Kriging interpolation method, and indicated the areas with high potential for groundwater contamination. Considering all the simulations, it was concluded that there was no risk of groundwater contamination by Tebuthiuron in the study area.

Avaliação de riscos ambientais no Aeroporto Internacional de Viracopos, Campinas (SP)

Considering the current context of environmental concern, the main purpose of this research was to develop and apply indicators to evaluate the environmental risk for airports. As a result, 19 indicators related to storage and handling dangerous substances were created. These indicators represent five conditions varying from the worst (level 1) to the ideal condition (level 5). The indicators were applied, as a study of case, at Viracopos International Airport, Campinas (SP). The results showed a medium performance of 2.3, using a scale raging from 1.0 to 5.0, characterized as 'critical'. Then, the indicators were analyzed to determine the major weaknesses related to the environmental management at Viracopos International Airport, as well as to identify good practices and solutions. Among the suggested management strategies, we highlight the suitability of areas for storage of dangerous substances. In general, it can be inferred that the indicators proposed in this paper to evaluate the performance in the management of environmental risks at the Viracopos International Airport and propose actions to prevent, monitor, correct, and mitigate the environmental impacts of its operations.

Efeitos ambientais e genéticos sobre escores visuais e ganho em peso ao sobreano de bovinos brangus

This research aimed at studying the effects of age of the cow at calving (IVP), age of the animal at yearling (IDS), the direct additive genetic (AD) and maternal (AM) effects and individual heterozygosity (HI) on visual scores of conformation (CS), early finishing (PS) and muscling (MS) at postweaning and average daily gain from weaning to yearling (GDS) of cattle used to originate the Brangus breed. There were analyzed records on 24 531, 21 166, 24 006 and 25 419 for CS, PS, MS and GDS, respectively, of animals born from 1986 to 2002 belonging to livestock files of Gensys Consultores Associados S/C Ltda. The analyses were performed by the least square method using mathematical models that included contemporary group as class variable and IVP, IDS, AD, AM and HI as covariates. IVP showed linear and quadratic effects (p<0.01) on GDS and linear (p<0.01) on PS, while the quadratic effect of IDS was not significant for PS and GDS. AD and AM were significant (p<0.01) only for PS and MS scores, respectively. All the traits were significantly (p<0.01) influenced by HI. The environmental and genetic effects were important sources of variation for the studied traits and should be taken into account when comparison of animals and selection were performed.

A aprendizagem de conceitos climáticos e ambientais através de novas tecnologias visando a inclusão digital e a educação ambiental

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Formação inicial em artes: reflexões sobre a habilitação em Artes Plásticas e os subsídios para o ensino da arte

Pós-graduação em Artes - IA