InGaAsP/InP正方形微腔激光器

采用平面工艺制作的定向输出微腔半导体激光器是集成光学回路的理想光源.近十几年来,以微盘为代表的回音壁模式(whispering-gallery mode)微腔激光器引起人们很大的重视.但圆对称的微盘激光器缺乏定向的激光输出,人们往往利用输出波导与微盘实现消逝波耦合或通过改变微盘的对称性来实现定向输出.最近几年,多边形微腔如正三角形、正方形、长方形、六边形等多边形光学微腔也引起人们的重视.多边形光学微腔中也能有高Q值的类回音壁模式.而且由于不具有圆对称性,其模式特性有利于简单地实现定向光输出.

Lasing of CdSSe quantum dots in glass spherical microcavity

Glass spherical microcavities containing CdSSe semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) of a few microns in diameter are fabricated using a physical method. When a single glass microspherical cavity is excited by a laser beam at room temperature, very strong and sharp whispering gallery modes are shown on the background of PL spectra of CdSSe QDs, which confirms that coupling between the optical emission of embedded QDs and spherical cavity modes is realized. For a glass microsphere only 4.6 mum in diameter, it was found that the energy separation is nearly up to 26 nm both for TE and TM modes. With the increasing excitation intensity, the excitation intensity dependence of the emission intensity is not linear in the double-logarithmic scale. Above the threshold value, the linewidths of resonance modes become narrower. The lasing behavior is achieved at relatively low excitation intensity at room temperature. High optical stability and low threshold value make this optical system promising in visible microlaser applications. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Carbono da biomassa microbiana em solos de cerrado: comparacao dos metodos fumigacao-incubacao e fumigacao-extracao.

Dentre os metodos mais utilizados para determinacao do carbono da biomassa microbiana destacam-se: os de cloroformio-fumigacao-incubacao (CFI) e cloroformio-fumigacao-extracao (CFE). Trabalhos relatados na literatura tem comparado a eficiencia desses metodos em diversos locais. No entanto, para a regiao do cerrado nao existem informacoes a esse respeito. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiencia dos metodos CFE e CFI na determinacao do carbono da biomassa microbiana do solo (CBMS) em areas de cerrado sob cultura anual (rotacao soja-milho) e pastagem consorciada (Andropogon gayanus e Stylosanthes guianensis) e sob tres fitofisionomias - Mata de Galeria, Campo Sujo e Cerradao. Amostras de solo coletadas em duas profundidades, 0 a 5 cm e 5 a 20 cm, foram analisadas em quatro epocas: agosto de 1998, janeiro a agosto de 1999 e janeiro de 2000. Nas areas cultivadas, os resultados obtidos com os metodos CFE e CFI foram semelhantes independentemente dos tratamentos e das epocas amostradas; as pastagens consorciadas apresentaram maiores teores de CBMS do que as areas sob culturas anuais. A integracao profundidades x metodos foi significatica. Nao houve diferencas entre a profundidade 0 a 5 cm quando se utilizou o metodo CFI, mas as diferencas obtidas com o metodo CFE foram significativas. Os metodos CFI e CFE apresentaram as mesmas tendencias nas areas ativas, independentemente dos tratamentos, profundidades ou epocas analisados; a Mata de Galeria apresentou niveis de CBMS superiores aos do Cerradao e do Campo Sujo. As interacoes profundidades x metodos e epocas x metodos foram significativas devido ao fato de que as diferencas nos teores do carbono da bimassa microbiana, nas profundidades e epocas amostradas, foram mais acentuadas com o metodo CFE. Os resultados indicaram que os metodos CFI e CFE foram apropriados para determinacao da CBMS em solos de Cerrado sob cultivo e sob vegetacao nativa.

from Webern to dance to Burton.

Commissioned by the Concorde Ensemble. Paul Roe gave the premiere performance at the RHA Gallery, Dublin, 23rd February 2014. The piece is informed by the choreography of Jiri Kylian, in particular two three minute sections of his work No More Play initially choreographed to a score by Webern (his Five Movements for String Quartet) hence the title.

Hugh Blaker: Doing his Bit for the Moderns

Meyrick, Robert, 'Hugh Blaker: Doing his Bit for the Moderns', Journal of the History of Collections (2004) 16(2):173-189 RAE2008

Gwilym Prichard: A Retrospective

To accompany exhibition curated by Robert Meyrick, 'Gwilym Prichard', National Library of Wales; Oriel Theatr Clwyd; Oriel Plas Glyn-y-Weddw; Graham Sutherland Gallery, Picton Castle. pp.103

Dr. Richard Caulfield: antiquarian, scholar and academic librarian

The history of higher learning in Cork can be traced from its late eighteenth-century origins to its present standing within the extended confines of the Neo-Gothic architecture of University College, Cork. This institution, founded in 1845 was the successor and ultimate achievement of its forerunner, the Royal Cork Institution. The opening in 1849 of the college, then known as Queen's College, Cork, brought about a change in the role of the Royal Cork Institution as a centre of education. Its ambition of being the 'Munster College' was subsumed by the Queen's College even though it continued to function as a centre of learning up to the 1805. At this time its co-habitant, the School of Design, received a new wing under the benevolent patronage of William Crawford, and the Royal Cork Institution ceased to exist as the centre for cultural, technical and scientific learning it had set out to be. The building it occupied is today known as the Crawford Municipal Art Gallery.

Building effectiveness communication ratios (BECs): an integrated ‘life-cycle’ methodology for mitigating energy-use in buildings

Current building regulations are generally prescriptive in nature. It is widely accepted in Europe that this form of building regulation is stifling technological innovation and leading to inadequate energy efficiency in the building stock. This has increased the motivation to move design practices towards a more ‘performance-based’ model in order to mitigate inflated levels of energy-use consumed by the building stock. A performance based model assesses the interaction of all building elements and the resulting impact on holistic building energy-use. However, this is a nebulous task due to building energy-use being affected by a myriad of heterogeneous agents. Accordingly, it is imperative that appropriate methods, tools and technologies are employed for energy prediction, measurement and evaluation throughout the project’s life cycle. This research also considers that it is imperative that the data is universally accessible by all stakeholders. The use of a centrally based product model for exchange of building information is explored. This research describes the development and implementation of a new building energy-use performance assessment methodology. Termed the Building Effectiveness Communications ratios (BECs) methodology, this performance-based framework is capable of translating complex definitions of sustainability for energy efficiency and depicting universally understandable views at all stage of the Building Life Cycle (BLC) to the project’s stakeholders. The enabling yardsticks of building energy-use performance, termed Ir and Pr, provide continuous design and operations feedback in order to aid the building’s decision makers. Utilised effectively, the methodology is capable of delivering quality assurance throughout the BLC by providing project teams with quantitative measurement of energy efficiency. Armed with these superior enabling tools for project stakeholder communication, it is envisaged that project teams will be better placed to augment a knowledge base and generate more efficient additions to the building stock.

The architecture of influence: Paul Rudolph's Art and Architecture Building at Yale

Focussing on Paul Rudolph’s Art & Architecture Building at Yale, this thesis demonstrates how the building synthesises the architect’s attitude to architectural education, urbanism and materiality. It tracks the evolution of the building from its origins – which bear a relationship to Rudolph’s pedagogical ideas – to later moments when its occupants and others reacted to it in a series of ways that could never have been foreseen. The A&A became the epicentre of the university’s counter culture movement before it was ravaged by a fire of undetermined origins. Arguably, it represents the last of its kind in American architecture, a turning point at the threshold of postmodernism. Using an archive that was only made available to researchers in 2009, this is the first study to draw extensively on the research files of the late architectural writer and educator, C. Ray Smith. Smith’s 1981 manuscript about the A&A entitled “The Biography of a Building,” was never published. The associated research files and transcripts of discussions with some thirty interviewees, including Rudolph, provide a previously unavailable wealth of information. Following Smith’s methodology, meetings were recorded with those involved in the A&A including, where possible, some of Smith’s original interviewees. When placed within other significant contexts – the physicality of the building itself as well as the literature which surrounds it – these previously untold accounts provide new perspectives and details, which deepen the understanding of the building and its place within architectural discourse. Issues revealed include the importance of the influence of Louis Kahn’s Yale Art Gallery and Yale’s Collegiate Gothic Campus on the building’s design. Following a tumultuous first fifty years, the A&A remains an integral part of the architectural education of Yale students and, furthermore, constitutes an important didactic tool for all students of architecture.

A discussion on design exhibition "delivery to Sichuan" - interview with Tie Fan, senior architect at Foster & Partners

By the British "East Design Alliance" (West East Design Group) was launched, entitled "Sichuan Express" (Delivery to Sichuan) earthquake relief concept design exhibition in September 2008 from 1 to 5 at the Alan Baxter gallery...

Super-villains of the "real world": the political use of the characterization of villains in Chistopher Nolan's "Dark Knight Trilogy"

It is almost a tradition that celluloid (or digital) villains are represented with some characteristics that remind us the real political enemies of the producer country of the film, or even enemies within the country according to the particular ideology that sustains the film. The case of Christopher Nolan The Dark Knight trilogy, analyzed here, is representative of this trend for two reasons. First, because it gets marked by political radicalization conducted by the US government after the attack of September 11, 2001. Secondly, because it offers a profuse gallery of villains who are outside the circle of friends as the new doctrine “either with us or against us” opened by George Bush for the XXI century. This gallery includes from the very terrorists who justify the War on Terror (Ra's al Ghul, the Joker), to the “radical left” (Bane, Talia al Ghul) including liberal politicians (Harvey Dent), and corrupt that take advantage of the softness of the law to commit crimes with impunity (Dr. Crane, the Scarecrow).