Chemical evolution in the Asteraceae. The Oxidation-Reduction mechanism and production of secondary metabolites

This work describes the application of partial least squares (PLS) regression to variables that represent the oxidation data of several types of secondary metabolite isolated from the family Asteraceae. The oxidation states were calculated for each carbon atom of the involved compounds after these had been matched with their biogenetic precursor. The states of oxidation variations were named oxidation steps. This methodology represents a new approach to inspect the oxidative changes in taxa. Partial least square (PLS) regression was used to inspect the relationships among terpenoids, cournarins, polyacetylenes, and flavonoids from a data base containing approximately 27,000 botanical entries. The results show an interdependence between the average oxidation states of each class of secondary metabolite at tribe and sub tribe levels.

Organic complexation and translocation of ferric iron in podzols of the Negro River watershed. Separation of secondary Fe species from Al species

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Paracoccidioidomycosis: Survey and clinical aspects from the Department of Dermatology of the School of Medicine of Botucatu (Sao Paulo - Brazil)

Background - Paracoccidioidomycosis is the most frequent among the systemic mycoses in Brazil. Objective: To study the cases of paracoccidioidomycosis diagnosed from 1976 to 1996 at the Department of Dermatology of the School of Medicine of Botucatu. Methods - Descriptive study obtained from specific protocols comprising anamnesis, clinical- dermatological-laboratorial examination, treatment and follow-up of the patients. Results - Paracoccidioidomycosis was diagnosed in 1.04% of the dermatologic outpatients assisted from 1976 to 1996. In 315 cases, 89.8% were male, 61.9% were over forty and 53.7% were rural workers. The complaints were related more to oropharyngolaryngeal (53.6%) or cutaneous (23.8%) lesions or adenopathy (10.2%). Seventy patients had already been treated in other health services. The chronic multifocal clinical from was the most common: 80.6% of the cases, followed by the acute-subacute (juvenile type) 15.5%. The disease was pulmonary in 80.0%, oropharyngolaryngeal in 69.2% and cutaneous in 45.7%. Th treatment: Amphotericin B in 146 patients, Ketoconazole - 88, Itraconazole - 56, Sulfonamide derivatives - 146 and Terbinafine in 3. The lethality index resulting from the disease or its treatment was 2.0%. Conclusions - The high number of cases, showing the regional relevance of the disease and the high percentage of tegumentary complaints and the high number of relapsing are remarkable.

Ergonomic research applied in the design of pre-school furniture: The Mobipresc 3.6

This research describes the application of a scientific and technological model of Ergonomics in the design of pre-school furniture. The constant presence of the desk in early education and its influence in the relationship between the user and his educational environment determined the necessity of this project. The pre-school desk was considered as a work station, where the joint aspects of education and child anthropometry substantiate the problem. The review of the Historical application of Ergonomics in the Design of children's products consolidated the importance of this report. The development of ergonomic research, characterised by investigations of the Brazilian child's Anthropometry Data and Biomechanical Features, resulted in dimensional parameters of the user and physical characteristics of the present furniture. These elements, together with a comprehension of activities and needs in the pre-school, were connected with aspects of bibliographical revision to result in a series of recomendations for design. Through the methods of Ergonomic Design, a new proposal for the pre-school desk was developed, denominated Mobipresc 3.6.

Planning of secondary distribution circuits through evolutionary algorithms

In this work, the planning of secondary distribution circuits is approached as a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem (MINLP). In order to solve this problem, a dedicated evolutionary algorithm (EA) is proposed. This algorithm uses a codification scheme, genetic operators, and control parameters, projected and managed to consider the specific characteristics of the secondary network planning. The codification scheme maps the possible solutions that satisfy the requirements in order to obtain an effective and low-cost projected system-the conductors' adequate dimensioning, load balancing among phases, and the transformer placed at the center of the secondary system loads. An effective algorithm for three-phase power flow is used as an auxiliary methodology of the EA for the calculation of the fitness function proposed for solutions of each topology. Results for two secondary distribution circuits are presented, whereas one presents radial topology and the other a weakly meshed topology. © 2005 IEEE.

In vitro-evaluation of secondary caries formation around restoration.

The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate demineralization around restorations. Class V preparations were made on the buccal and lingual surfaces of each tooth. TPH (Group 1), Fuji II LC (Group 2), Tetric (Group 3), Dyract (Group 4), GS 80 (Group 5) and Chelon Fil (Group 6) were randomly placed in equal numbers of teeth. The teeth were submitted to a pH-cycling model associated with a thermocycling model. Sections were made and the specimens were examined for the presence of demineralization under polarized light microscopy. Demineralization was significantly reduced with Chelon Fil (Group 6). Furthermore, a similar inhibitory effect on the development of demineralization was observed in Groups 2, 4 and 5.

Oral manifestations of secondary syphilis in the elderly - A timely reminder for dentists

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum. Cases of syphilis have increased in frequency and are challenging when affecting the elderly. The main causes of increased prevalence of syphilis are sexual promiscuity, lack of knowledge about the disease and decreasing use of barrier protection. Clinically, the oral manifestation of syphilis may resemble other entities, which hampers the correct diagnosis. We report a case of a 79-year-old male with weight loss and feeding difficulties. In the oral cavity there were ulcerative lesions in the hard palate and bilaterally in the buccal mucosa. The incisional biopsy revealed only a non-specific ulceration of the oral mucosa. After 20 days, the patient was re-evaluated and presented maculopapular lesions in the palmar and plantar areas. Positive serological venereal disease reference laboratory (VDRL) tests confirmed the diagnosis of secondary syphilis. The patient was treated with Benzathine penicillin G. After two weeks of treatment the oral lesion disappeared and the patient returned to normal feeding and gained weight. This case report reinforces the need to alert physicians and dentists to include sexually transmitted infections such as syphilis in the differential diagnosis of oral ulcerative lesions in elderly sexually active patients. © 2013 Australian Dental Association.

Atlas escolar interativo: desenvolvimento de um protótipo para o quarto ciclo do ensino fundamental

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Rol estratégico de la educación media para el bienestar y la equidad = The strategic role of secondary education in achieving well-being and social equity

Incluye Bibliografía

Projetos de educação ambiental e seu desenvolvimento na escola pública: concepções e práticas de professores de ciências

Pós-graduação em Educação - IBRC

A dinâmica das interações em sala de aula e a construção do conhecimento científico

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Síndrome de down: situação escolar no ensino fundamental e médio da cidade de Araraquara-SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Meio ambiente e ética: entrecruzando olhares no ensino de ciências

Meio ambiente e Ética são temas recorrentes nas pautas de discussões sobre os desafios da educação brasileira. O mundo está imerso em uma crise ambiental e ética que nos convida ao movimento dialético da ação-reflexão-ação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar as concepções e as relações entre os Temas Transversais Meio Ambiente e Ética dos professores de Ciências, técnicos educacionais e alunos de 5ª a 8ª série do Ensino Fundamental, de uma escola da rede particular de Belém. O estudo apoiou-se em Sauvé, Reigota, Sánchez Vásquez, Leff, Grün, Valls, Bardin, Zabala, Freire, Lüdke, André, entre outros. O caminho metodológico foi o da abordagem qualitativa. Para mergulhar nos diálogos intersubjetivos, que são as práticas pedagógicas, foram utilizadas as técnicas de pesquisa de campo e pesquisa documental. A primeira consistiu na realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 16 estudantes, 3 professores e 2 técnicos da Escola - “Alfa”; a segunda envolveu os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais, os livros didáticos de Ciências e os documentos entregues aos alunos e professores, em 2008, na Escola. A interpretação dos dados se baseou na análise de conteúdo, em sua modalidade temática. Foram trabalhados dois temas: Concepções de Meio Ambiente e Concepções de Ética. A unidade de contexto, o ―pano de fundo‖ do estudo, foi uma escola da rede particular de ensino, dotada de boa infraestrutura, cuja clientela é formada, em sua maioria, por alunos da classe média alta. Para definição das categorias, foi preparado um caderno com as entrevistas, o que facilitou o agrupamento, a classificação e a análise interpretativa dos dados. Isso resultou na síntese em sete categorias de análise: Concepção de Meio Ambiente como natureza; Concepção de Meio Ambiente como o local onde se vive; Concepção de Meio Ambiente como relação dos seres entre si e deles com o ambiente; Concepção de Meio Ambiente como sustentabilidade; Concepção de Ética como respeito; Concepção associada a princípios e valores e Concepção relacionada ao meio ambiente e ao respeito às pessoas. Os resultados revelam, contraditoriamente, a prevalência da lógica disciplinar nos PCN e na Escola ―Alfa‖; os livros adotados pela Escola não se limitam aos conteúdos factuais e conceituais; em relação às concepções de Meio Ambiente e Ética, os entendimentos do que vem a ser ambiente e ética são reducionistas. Os sujeitos, de uma maneira geral, não estabelecem conexão necessária entre Ambiente e Ética. Nas turmas de 5ª a 8ª série, a Escola não trabalha os Temas de forma efetiva. As reflexões finais pontificam um convite à Escola para refletir e buscar alternativas que revertam o quadro de suas ações educacionais relativas ao Meio Ambiente e à Ética. As escolas precisam se sentir desafiadas a inserir a Educação Ambiental em seu cotidiano, com o fito de colaborar na construção de uma educação cidadã.