Controladoria como uma ferramenta de gestão estratégica: o caso da Telemar

O presente estudo tem por finalidade abordar o novo papel da Controladoria num ambiente de trabalho, onde é exigido o envolvimento de todos os setores da empresa na busca dos resultados estabelecidos pelo conselho de Administração. A Controladoria como Ferramenta de Gestão Estratégica, teve como campo de aplicação a Telemar Norte Leste S/A - Telemar, empresa que surgiu com a privatização do sistema Estatal de Telecomunicações. A Telemar iniciou suas atividades cumprindo um rigoroso programa de metas de qualidade e de universalização exigido pela Agência de Telecomunicações - ANATEL. As exigências dos acionistas da Telemar, em relação ao retomo do capital investido, estabelecem uma nova maneira de gerir a organização com a introdução de Programas de Melhorias de Resultados. Neste contexto são abordados, detalhadamente, o Programa de Metas estabelecido na Telemar Norte Leste S/A - TELEMAR; a escolha de uma ferramenta Gerencial: O EBITDA; a concepção de uma estratégia para o envolvimento dos empregados, o despertar das forças intrínsecas da organização; a divulgação periódica dos resultados do programa e a distribuição de bônus individual a todos empregados. O desenvolvimento da pesquisa ampara-se numa metodologia que reúne os meios bibliográficos, documentais e de campo, com tratamento qualitativo de dados, na delimitação da categoria de estudo de caso.

Análise das condições hidrológicas em bacias hidrográficas com differentes uso e ocupação do solo

The analysis of the physical medium in hydrographic basins requires knowledge of the processes involved and characteristics of variables at different geographic scales. Considering the principle that the micro-basins can be categorized, they are then considered territorial units of ideal work for the analysis of hydrologic conditions. The objective of this work was to compare water resources of four hydrographic basins' with different land use and occupation. Five sampling points along the drainage network of hydrographic basins of first order of magnitude and a sampling point in the river mouth of M1 and M4 micro-basins were established. The water collections occurred at monthly intervals from August, 2006 to August, 2007. Temperature (°C), turbidity (NTU), odor, pH, electric conductivity (μS cm-1), dissolved oxygen (mg/L), total dissolved solids (ppm) and total phosphorous (mg/L) were the variables evaluated in the study. The highest variability of the parameters was found in hydrographic basins M2 and M3. The characterization of the hydrologic conditions of the hydrographic micro-basins indicated that agricultural activities, including cultural practices of anthropic activities affect water resources.

Descentralización de las actividades económicas y sociales de las NU: las nuevas funciones de las comisiones regionales en la cooperación regional e interregional = Decentralization of the economic and social activities of the UN: the new functions of the regional commissions in regional and interregional co-operation

Incluye Bibliografía

Avaliação da capacidade funcional associado à qualidade de vida em idosos da Estãncia Turística de Avaré, São Paulo, Brasil

Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

As culturas infantis no espaço e tempo do recreio: constituindo singularidade sobre a criança

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar as culturas infantis no recreio e seguiu a linha sócio-histórica que entende a criança como sujeito histórico e social produtor de cultura. Objetivei como foco principal apreender as culturas infantis das crianças da escola pública do município de Belém por meio da emissão de enunciados discursivos no seu horário de recreio, as culturas produzidas no universo atual da infância. A abordagem discursiva foi a perspectiva adotada no processo de investigação, pois permitiu depreender o significado e sentido que as crianças atribuem ao tempo escolar destinado ao recreio; historiar como o tempo do recreio foi sendo estabelecido pela legislação brasileira, de um modo geral, e pelos documentos do Estado do Pará e da cidade de Belém, em particular. 93 crianças participaram do estudo na faixa etária de 09 a 11 anos das séries 3 e 4 do Ensino Fundamental. Utilizei como instrumentos de recolha de dados a observação exploratória e o questionário. As análises foram organizadas em 07 eixos temáticos que emergiram dos enunciados das crianças. O aporte teórico para as análises dos dados coletados fundamentou-se na perspectiva histórica e nas teorizações de Mikhail Bakhtin sobre discurso, as interações dialógicas e a constituição do sujeito. Os fundamentos teóricos sobre a infância e as culturas infantis vieram de Sarmento e Pinto, Steinberg e Kincheloe, Quinteiro, Kramer. Os enunciados das crianças revelam o sentido e significado do recreio como momento para o brincar, os jogos, as conversas, tempo de diversão, prazer e satisfação. As culturas infantis presentes e produzidas pelas crianças no recreio são as brincadeiras, os jogos, a televisão, a internet, a leitura, entre outros. Além disso, os dados apontam práticas de interações vinculadas ao trabalho infantil e atividades de aprendizagem no contexto escolar. Para algumas crianças é tempo de ficar sem fazer nada, é tudo igual, tempo de ficar triste. As crianças revelam as interações com os adultos como conversar com o guarda e com a professora Belinha. Portanto, o recreio é um espaço mágico e deve ter seu tempo independente do horário da merenda escolar.

Conexão cultura: um projeto de revitalização e reestruturação da estação ferroviária de Guaratinguetá

This work presents an intervention at the Guaratinguetá Railway Station and its surroundings, including this area in the urban context, at this moment isolated of the activities and citizen attentions, offering new activities on this commercial area. The selected area finds itself in a state of neglect and forgetfulness from the urban relations. Located between the periphery of the commercial center and the Paraiba do Sul River, the correlation is tension between the advancement of shops, the railway line, and the natural barrier of the Paraiba River. On the context of these limits, the railroad and the river stand as barriers for the center expansion and the flows that connect the old part of the town with the new part, which is growing and is called “post-city river”. These barriers have relegating properties around them to isolation, despite being located in the center. The area choice and this intervention seeks to break this isolation and the barrier flow, linking areas of opposite sides to form a leak through the barrier of the railway line. The pedestrian flow is prioritized in the project, this flow will be attracted by the program offered and by the new created areas, increasing the space utilization by users and breaking the isolation of urban activities. And entering the area in the context of life of city residents. The attraction of these new flows will be through the implementation of a Cultural Center, supplying a lack of city by spaces that offer this type of activity. Its implementation aims to attract and modify the activities of these spaces and the surrounding areas, one side facing the commercial center, and another facing the river, linking this two sides at the same time that this link provides the expansion of distance traveled and known

Exercício físico, marcadores inflamatórios e genótipo da APOE em idosos com comprometimento cognitivo leve e idosos cognitivamente preservados

Pós-graduação em Ciências da Motricidade - IBRC

Personal mastery is associated with reduced sympathetic arousal in stressed Alzheimer caregivers

OBJECTIVES: Spousal caregivers of Alzheimer's disease patients are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease, possibly via sympathetic response to stressors and subsequent catecholamine surge. Personal mastery (i.e., belief that one can manage life's obstacles) may decrease psychological and physiological response to stressors. This study examines the relationship between mastery and sympathetic arousal in elderly caregivers, as measured by norepinephrine (NE) reactivity to an acute psychological stressor. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Data were collected by a research nurse in each caregiver's home. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-nine elderly spousal Alzheimer caregivers (mean age: 72.8 years) who were not taking beta-blocking medication. INTERVENTION: After assessment for mastery and objective caregiving stressors, caregivers underwent an experimental speech task designed to induce sympathetic arousal. MEASUREMENTS: Mastery was assessed using Pearlin's Personal Mastery scale and Alzheimer patient functioning was assessed using the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale, Problem Behaviors Scale, and Activities of Daily Living Scale. Plasma NE assays were conducted using pre- and postspeech blood draws. RESULTS: Multiple regression analyses revealed that mastery was significantly and negatively associated with NE reactivity (B = -9.86, t (61) = -2.03, p = 0.046) independent of factors theoretically and empirically linked to NE reactivity. CONCLUSIONS: Caregivers with higher mastery had less NE reactivity to the stressor task. Mastery may exert a protective influence that mitigates the physiological effects of acute stress, and may be an important target for psychosocial interventions in order to reduce sympathetic arousal and cardiovascular stress among dementia caregivers.

Desarrollo, territorio y desigualdad en la globalización : Conflictos actuales en la agricultura familiar del nordeste de Misiones, Argentina

En el presente trabajo buscamos poner en cuestión la relación entre desarrollo, desigualdad y territorio en el contexto actual de la globalización y en el marco de las políticas públicas dirigidas, supuestamente, a favorecer a los actores sociales de menores recursos. Para ello nos centramos en un estudio de caso en el nordeste de la provincia de Misiones, Argentina. Aquí la actividad tabacalera, la forestación y la agricultura familiar (AF) alternativa (orientada a la producción de alimentos) entran en disputa por el territorio, dando lugar a conflictos por la ocupación de tierras privadas. Su análisis y devenir evidencia: (a) Las transformaciones territoriales resultantes de los procesos de avance de la globalización en ámbitos locales. (b) Los modos en que dichas transformaciones condicionan y limitan las propuestas de desarrollo originadas desde la política pública dirigida a paliar la desigualdad social. Para avanzar en la explicación de estos procesos consideramos necesario: (a) Reconocer las diferentes visiones y modalidades que dan cuenta de la desigualdad social, económica, política e institucional, tanto desde la perspectiva de los actores, como en sus expresiones materiales en el territorio en cuestión. (b) Identificar las relaciones de poder presentes en dicho ámbito (en particular en relación a la disputa por el uso y apropiación del recurso tierra). Y (c) examinar los distintos y contradictorios modelos y propuestas de desarrollo que dichas relaciones expresan. El estudio se basa en una metodología cualitativa sustentada en un estudio de caso y centrada en entrevistas realizadas durante 2008 y 2009 a los principales actores de un conflicto por la tierra situado en el nordeste de Misiones. El trabajo muestra las contradicciones de las políticas públicas que postulan crecimiento productivo y desarrollo en un marco legal de liberalización y desregulación a favor del ingreso de grandes inversiones transnacionales, sustentadas en actividades productivas a gran escala, altamente demandantes de tierra y agua. Inversiones que, contrariamente, tienen un débil requerimiento de fuerza de trabajo. Esta concepción de desarrollo, implícita en la propuesta de crecimiento económico de los sectores que hegemonizan el poder económico, visualiza la desigualdad social como una "externalidad negativa" que, de algún modo debe ser contenida, asistida; desconociendo, ignorando u ocultando que sólo a partir de cambios estructurales es posible superar aquellas desigualdades. En definitiva, se trata de un marco conceptual, ideológico y pragmático que implica un contexto inviable para la agricultura familiar. Por su parte, los pequeños productores y trabajadores rurales que logran alcanzar un mayor grado de comprensión de estos procesos, cuestionan el modelo de desarrollo dominante, así como las alianzas estratégicas que el estado tiene y mantiene con los sectores de poder. Y desde esta perspectiva, luchan por desempeñar un rol en el desarrollo a partir de la producción de alimentos, desde y para su lugar y/o su provincia.

Desarrollo, territorio y desigualdad en la globalización : Conflictos actuales en la agricultura familiar del nordeste de Misiones, Argentina

En el presente trabajo buscamos poner en cuestión la relación entre desarrollo, desigualdad y territorio en el contexto actual de la globalización y en el marco de las políticas públicas dirigidas, supuestamente, a favorecer a los actores sociales de menores recursos. Para ello nos centramos en un estudio de caso en el nordeste de la provincia de Misiones, Argentina. Aquí la actividad tabacalera, la forestación y la agricultura familiar (AF) alternativa (orientada a la producción de alimentos) entran en disputa por el territorio, dando lugar a conflictos por la ocupación de tierras privadas. Su análisis y devenir evidencia: (a) Las transformaciones territoriales resultantes de los procesos de avance de la globalización en ámbitos locales. (b) Los modos en que dichas transformaciones condicionan y limitan las propuestas de desarrollo originadas desde la política pública dirigida a paliar la desigualdad social. Para avanzar en la explicación de estos procesos consideramos necesario: (a) Reconocer las diferentes visiones y modalidades que dan cuenta de la desigualdad social, económica, política e institucional, tanto desde la perspectiva de los actores, como en sus expresiones materiales en el territorio en cuestión. (b) Identificar las relaciones de poder presentes en dicho ámbito (en particular en relación a la disputa por el uso y apropiación del recurso tierra). Y (c) examinar los distintos y contradictorios modelos y propuestas de desarrollo que dichas relaciones expresan. El estudio se basa en una metodología cualitativa sustentada en un estudio de caso y centrada en entrevistas realizadas durante 2008 y 2009 a los principales actores de un conflicto por la tierra situado en el nordeste de Misiones. El trabajo muestra las contradicciones de las políticas públicas que postulan crecimiento productivo y desarrollo en un marco legal de liberalización y desregulación a favor del ingreso de grandes inversiones transnacionales, sustentadas en actividades productivas a gran escala, altamente demandantes de tierra y agua. Inversiones que, contrariamente, tienen un débil requerimiento de fuerza de trabajo. Esta concepción de desarrollo, implícita en la propuesta de crecimiento económico de los sectores que hegemonizan el poder económico, visualiza la desigualdad social como una "externalidad negativa" que, de algún modo debe ser contenida, asistida; desconociendo, ignorando u ocultando que sólo a partir de cambios estructurales es posible superar aquellas desigualdades. En definitiva, se trata de un marco conceptual, ideológico y pragmático que implica un contexto inviable para la agricultura familiar. Por su parte, los pequeños productores y trabajadores rurales que logran alcanzar un mayor grado de comprensión de estos procesos, cuestionan el modelo de desarrollo dominante, así como las alianzas estratégicas que el estado tiene y mantiene con los sectores de poder. Y desde esta perspectiva, luchan por desempeñar un rol en el desarrollo a partir de la producción de alimentos, desde y para su lugar y/o su provincia.

Desarrollo, territorio y desigualdad en la globalización : Conflictos actuales en la agricultura familiar del nordeste de Misiones, Argentina

En el presente trabajo buscamos poner en cuestión la relación entre desarrollo, desigualdad y territorio en el contexto actual de la globalización y en el marco de las políticas públicas dirigidas, supuestamente, a favorecer a los actores sociales de menores recursos. Para ello nos centramos en un estudio de caso en el nordeste de la provincia de Misiones, Argentina. Aquí la actividad tabacalera, la forestación y la agricultura familiar (AF) alternativa (orientada a la producción de alimentos) entran en disputa por el territorio, dando lugar a conflictos por la ocupación de tierras privadas. Su análisis y devenir evidencia: (a) Las transformaciones territoriales resultantes de los procesos de avance de la globalización en ámbitos locales. (b) Los modos en que dichas transformaciones condicionan y limitan las propuestas de desarrollo originadas desde la política pública dirigida a paliar la desigualdad social. Para avanzar en la explicación de estos procesos consideramos necesario: (a) Reconocer las diferentes visiones y modalidades que dan cuenta de la desigualdad social, económica, política e institucional, tanto desde la perspectiva de los actores, como en sus expresiones materiales en el territorio en cuestión. (b) Identificar las relaciones de poder presentes en dicho ámbito (en particular en relación a la disputa por el uso y apropiación del recurso tierra). Y (c) examinar los distintos y contradictorios modelos y propuestas de desarrollo que dichas relaciones expresan. El estudio se basa en una metodología cualitativa sustentada en un estudio de caso y centrada en entrevistas realizadas durante 2008 y 2009 a los principales actores de un conflicto por la tierra situado en el nordeste de Misiones. El trabajo muestra las contradicciones de las políticas públicas que postulan crecimiento productivo y desarrollo en un marco legal de liberalización y desregulación a favor del ingreso de grandes inversiones transnacionales, sustentadas en actividades productivas a gran escala, altamente demandantes de tierra y agua. Inversiones que, contrariamente, tienen un débil requerimiento de fuerza de trabajo. Esta concepción de desarrollo, implícita en la propuesta de crecimiento económico de los sectores que hegemonizan el poder económico, visualiza la desigualdad social como una "externalidad negativa" que, de algún modo debe ser contenida, asistida; desconociendo, ignorando u ocultando que sólo a partir de cambios estructurales es posible superar aquellas desigualdades. En definitiva, se trata de un marco conceptual, ideológico y pragmático que implica un contexto inviable para la agricultura familiar. Por su parte, los pequeños productores y trabajadores rurales que logran alcanzar un mayor grado de comprensión de estos procesos, cuestionan el modelo de desarrollo dominante, así como las alianzas estratégicas que el estado tiene y mantiene con los sectores de poder. Y desde esta perspectiva, luchan por desempeñar un rol en el desarrollo a partir de la producción de alimentos, desde y para su lugar y/o su provincia.

A cyclin-dependent kinase-activating kinase regulates differentiation of root initial cells in Arabidopsis

Cell division and differentiation continue throughout the plant life cycle without significant loss of control. However, little is known about the mechanisms that allow the continuous development of meristems. Cell division is controlled by a family of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). CDK-activating kinases (CAKs) are known to phosphorylate and activate almost all CDKs and thus may have a crucial role in controlling CDK activities in each cell of the meristems. Here, we show that overexpression of sense or antisense gene for Cak1At in Arabidopsis by using the glucocorticoid-mediated transcriptional induction system resulted in a reduction of CDK activities. After 14–24 h of glucocorticoid treatment, starch granules appeared in columellar initials in the root meristem, and cortical initials were periclinally divided into cortical and endodermal cells. Accumulation of the cyclin∷β-glucuronidase fusion protein ceased after 72 h of glucocorticoid treatment. Our results indicate that a change of Cak1At activity leads to differentiation of initial cells, followed by cessation of cell division. Therefore, we propose that differentiation of initial cells is controlled by Cak1At but is maintained independent of cell division.

Cholinesterase inhibitors for dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson's disease dementia and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease

Background - Previous Cochrane reviews have considered the use of cholinesterase inhibitors in both Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). The clinical features of DLB and PDD have much in common and are distinguished primarily on the basis of whether or not parkinsonism precedes dementia by more than a year. Patients with both conditions have particularly severe deficits in cortical levels of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Therefore, blocking its breakdown using cholinesterase inhibitors may lead to clinical improvement. Objectives - To assess the efficacy, safety and tolerability of cholinesterase inhibitors in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), Parkinson’s disease with dementia (PDD), and cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease falling short of dementia (CIND-PD) (considered as separate phenomena and also grouped together as Lewy body disease). Search methods - The trials were identified from a search of ALOIS, the Specialised Register of the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group (on 30 August 2011) using the search terms Lewy, Parkinson, PDD, DLB, LBD. This register consists of records from major healthcare databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL) and many ongoing trial databases and is updated regularly. Reference lists of relevant studies were searched for additional trials. Selection criteria - Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials assessing the efficacy of treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors in DLB, PDD and cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease (CIND-PD). Data collection and analysis - Data were extracted from published reports by one review author (MR). The data for each 'condition' (that is DLB, PDD or CIND-PD) were considered separately and, where possible, also pooled together. Statistical analysis was conducted using Review Manager version 5.0. Main results - Six trials met the inclusion criteria for this review, in which a total of 1236 participants were randomised. Four of the trials were of a parallel group design and two cross-over trials were included. Four of the trials included participants with a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease with dementia (Aarsland 2002a; Dubois 2007; Emre 2004; Ravina 2005), of which Dubois 2007 remains unpublished. Leroi 2004 included patients with cognitive impairment and Parkinson's disease (both with and without dementia). Patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) were included in only one of the trials (McKeith 2000). For global assessment, three trials comparing cholinesterase inhibitor treatment to placebo in PDD (Aarsland 2002a; Emre 2004; Ravina 2005) reported a difference in the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Clinical Global Impression of Change (ADCS-CGIC) score of -0.38, favouring the cholinesterase inhibitors (95% CI -0.56 to -0.24, P < 0.0001). For cognitive function, a pooled estimate of the effect of cholinesterase inhibitors on cognitive function measures was consistent with the presence of a therapeutic benefit (standardised mean difference (SMD) -0.34, 95% CI -0.46 to -0.23, P < 0.00001). There was evidence of a positive effect of cholinesterase inhibitors on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in patients with PDD (WMD 1.09, 95% CI 0.45 to 1.73, P = 0.0008) and in the single PDD and CIND-PD trial (WMD 1.05, 95% CI 0.42 to 1.68, P = 0.01) but not in the single DLB trial. For behavioural disturbance, analysis of the pooled continuous data relating to behavioural disturbance rating scales favoured treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors (SMD -0.20, 95% CI -0.36 to -0.04, P = 0.01). For activities of daily living, combined data for the ADCS and the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) activities of daily living rating scales favoured treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors (SMD -0.20, 95% CI -0.38 to -0.02, P = 0.03). For safety and tolerability, those taking a cholinesterase inhibitor were more likely to experience an adverse event (318/452 versus 668/842; odds ratio (OR) 1.64, 95% CI 1.26 to 2.15, P = 0.0003) and to drop out (128/465 versus 45/279; OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.33 to 2.84, P = 0.0006). Adverse events were more common amongst those taking rivastigmine (357/421 versus 173/240; OR 2.28, 95% CI 1.53 to 3.38, P < 0.0001) but not those taking donepezil (311/421 versus 145/212; OR 1.24, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.80, P = 0.25). Parkinsonian symptoms in particular tremor (64/739 versus 12/352; OR 2.71, 95% CI 1.44 to 5.09, P = 0.002), but not falls (P = 0.39), were reported more commonly in the treatment group but this did not have a significant impact on the UPDRS (total and motor) scores (P = 0.71). Fewer deaths occurred in the treatment group than in the placebo group (4/465 versus 9/279; OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.84, P = 0.03). Authors' conclusions - The currently available evidence supports the use of cholinesterase inhibitors in patients with PDD, with a positive impact on global assessment, cognitive function, behavioural disturbance and activities of daily living rating scales. The effect in DLB remains unclear. There is no current disaggregated evidence to support their use in CIND-PD.

Maximising the efficiency of logistics operations with radio frequency identification technology

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology has gained increasing popularity in businesses to improve operational efficiency and maximise costs saving. However, there is a gap in the literature exploring the enhanced use of RFID to substantially add values to the supply chain operations, especially beyond what the RFID vendors could offer. This paper presents a multi-agent system, incorporating RFID technology, aimed at fulfilling the gap. The system is developed to model supply chain activities (in particular, logistics operations) and is comprised of autonomous and intelligent agents representing the key entities in the supply chain. With the advanced characteristics of RFID incorporated, the agent system examines ways logistics operations (i.e. distribution network) particular) can be efficiently reconfigured and optimised in response to dynamic changes in the market, production and at any stage in the supply chain. © 2012 IEEE.