La fecundidad efectiva en la República Argentina, según algunas características de la madre

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Temperatura, escarificação mecânica e substrato na germinação de sementes das palmeiras juçara e açaí

The propagation of 'juçara' and 'açaí' is done by seeds, but there is a great desuniformity in the germination process. In this way, the objective of this study was to verify the effect of temperature, mechanical scarification and substrate on seed germination of both species. Two experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design, with four replications each consisting of 25 seeds. The first was conducted with 14 treatments in factorial scheme 7 x 2, seven temperatures (20, 25, 30, 35, 20-30 and 25-35 °C and natural condition), with and without mechanical scarification. The second was constituted of eight treatments in factorial scheme 4 x 2, four substrates (sand, vermiculite, coconut fiber and soil + manure), with and without mechanical scarification. Seeds of 'juçara' palm present the highest mean percentage and germination speed index in alternating temperatures of 20-30 and 25-35 °C and natural condition and in substrates sand, vermiculite and coconut fiber. Temperatures of 30, 35, 20-30 and 25-35 °C and natural condition in all substrates tested were the most favorable condition for 'açai' seeds. The scarification of the seeds was favorable to the germination process of 'juçara' whereas the seeds of açaí does not need to be scarified.

Avaliação dos dados decendiais de precipitação e temperatura máxima e mínima do ar simulados pelo modelo ECMWF para o estado de São Paulo

The weather and climate has a direct influence in agriculture, it affects all stages of farming, since soil preparation to harvest. Meteorological data derived from automatic or conventional weather stations are used to monitor these effects. These meteorological data has problems like difficulty of data access and low density of meteorological stations in Brazil. Meteorological data from atmospheric models, such as ECMWF (European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecast) can be an alternative. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare 10-day period precipitation, maximum and minimum air temperature data from the ECMWF model with interpolated maps from 33 weather stations in Sao Paulo state between 2005 and 2010 and generate statistical maps pixel by pixel. Statistical index showed spatially satisfactory (most of the results with R 2 > 0.60, d > 0.7, RMSE < 5°C and < 50 mm; Es < 5°C and < 24 mm) in period and ECMWF model can be recommended for use in the Sao Paulo state.

Caracterização química e mineralógica de azulejos portugueses do centro histórico de São Luís-MA (Brasil): Uma aproximação à mineralogia e à temperatura de queima das matérias-primas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Lineamientos para una política efectiva de población en Perú: proyecciones realistas de población para el año 2000

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O modelo 'hydrotime' pode descrever a resposta de sementes de feijão comum (phaseolus vulgaris l.) à temperatura e potenciais de água reduzidos

Germination parameters of the response to temperature and water potential from four common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) lines based on thermal-time and hydrotime concepts were estimated to verify to what extent they can predict germination under different thermal and water conditions. The cultivars IPR Uirapuru and IAPAR 81 (drought-tolerant), and Grauna and Carioca (not tolerant) were used. The isothermal assays were performed in a temperature gradient block, and the assays with different osmotic potentials (PEG 6000) were performed in germination chambers. Seeds from drought-tolerant cultivars spent less time to germinate at supra-optimum temperatures than non-tolerant ones, and the cultivar Uirapuru (drought-tolerant) germinated faster in response to reduced Ψ and low temperatures. The parameter Ψb(50) did not discriminate between drought-tolerant and non-tolerant lines at the infraoptimum temperature range, but it can be used to identify drought-tolerant lines at high temperatures. In general, the hydrotime model reproduced the actual germination data relatively well, chiefly at higher temperatures. This study evidenced that the hydrotime model can be used to describe the germination of common bean seeds under reduced water potentials, and as a screening tool for drought-tolerant bean genotypes.

Qualidade física de ovos armazenados em diferentes condições de embalagens sob temperatura ambiente

The objective was to evaluate the internal quality of white-shelled consume eggs, sanitized or not, stored under different packaging conditions at room temperature. It was used 300 eggs, distributed in a completely randomized experimental design in a 3×2×4+1 factorial arrangement, three packaging conditions (PVC film, partial vacuum, partial vacuum with oxygen gas absorber), storage period (7, 14, 21 and 28 days), sanitized or not, and control (fresh eggs), with four repetitions. At the end of each period the analysis were performed. Partial vacuum condition was able to maintained Haugh unit, and promoted the best results for yolk index. The weight maintenance was better when packaged under vacuum, with or without O2 sachets absorbers. Lower values of water activity were obtained in eggs packed in PVC film, and when the sanitation was performed. It can be concluded that the internal egg quality decreases with storage time sharper in the eggs packed in PVC film, because vacuum has preserved some features of them. With sanitation, the storage conditions of eggs in PVC film should be improved because its internal quality decrease was greatest.

Efeito da tosquia na temperatura corpórea e outros parâmetros clínicos em ovinos

The aim of this study was to determine the variation of the temperature after shearing in sheep under dry and hot environment conditions and to compare the temperature changes with variation in cardiac and respiratory frequencies, ruminal movements and hydration status. Twenty Suffolk unshorn ewes were studied. Physical examination was performed in all animals three times a day at 7:00 AM, 1:00 PM and 7:00 PM, during 42 days (22 days before shearing and 20 days after shearing). The skin temperature was measured by infrared thermometer over several surfaces of the body. Data were submitted to analysis of variance, for comparisons between groups (shorn versus unshorn) at each time, and the significant difference was evaluated at level of P<0.05 by Tukey test. The respiratory frequency was statistically significant at all times. When air humidity was high, the respiratory frequencies were low. The thermal stress was clear in sheep of this study, reflecting marked changes in cardiac and respiratory frequencies and rectal temperature. The respiratory frequency was the parameter more reliable to establish a framework of thermal stress in the unshorn sheep, with values on average three times higher than those reported in the literature. The heart rate monitors the thermal variation of the environment and is also an indicator of heat stress. This variation shows the Suffolk breed is well adapted to hot climates. The correlation between the body surface temperatures with environment temperature and air humidity was negative, as explained by the effect of wool insulation, i.e. even with an increase in environment temperature and humidity, the body temperature tends to maintain a compensating balance. In the shorn animals, the correlation between skin temperature with environment temperature and air humidity showed that the skin temperature increases when the environment temperature increases. The increase in the environment temperature does not affect the body temperature of unshorn animals due the insulating effect of the wool. However, when environment temperature rises, the presence of the wool starts to affect the thermal comfort as the heat absorption is larger than the capacity of heat loss. In this study, the best thermal stress indicators were the respiratory frequency and rectal and skin temperatures. The temperatures of the skin measured at the perineum, axillae and inner thigh were considered the most reliable.

Efeito do sabor azedo e da temperatura fria na fase oral da deglutição no acidente vascular encefálico

Pós-graduação em Bases Gerais da Cirurgia - FMB

O efeito do sabor azedo e da temperatura fria no tempo de trânsito faríngeo da deglutição em indivíduos após acidente vascular encefálico hemisférico isquêmico

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Crescimento das macrófitas aquáticas flutuantes Pistia stratiotes e Salvinia molesta em diferentes condições de temperatura e fotoperíodo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeito da estocagem a curto prazo e da temperatura sobre gametas de jundiá, Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Antecedentes para la identificación de gravámenes de efectos equivalentes a derechos aduaneros" y de "gravámenes vigentes" a los fines de la aplicación del Tratado de Montevideo: I. Identificación de los conceptos que deben ser considerados como "gravámenes" a los efectos del artículo 3 del Tratado de Montevideo, y su expresión equivalente en términos de derechos aduaneros "ad valorem""

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Características dos parâmetros do condutor equivalente a um feixe de subcondutores de linhas de transmissão: análise inicial

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)