947 resultados para Sulphonitrate of ammonium


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Oxygen minimum zones are expanding globally, and at present account for around 20-40% of oceanic nitrogen loss. Heterotrophic denitrification and anammox-anaerobic ammonium oxidation with nitrite-are responsible for most nitrogen loss in these low-oxygen waters. Anammox is particularly significant in the eastern tropical South Pacific, one of the largest oxygen minimum zones globally. However, the factors that regulate anammox-driven nitrogen loss have remained unclear. Here, we present a comprehensive nitrogen budget for the eastern tropical South Pacific oxygen minimum zone, using measurements of nutrient concentrations, experimentally determined rates of nitrogen transformation and a numerical model of export production. Anammox was the dominant mode of nitrogen loss at the time of sampling. Rates of anammox, and related nitrogen transformations, were greatest in the productive shelf waters, and tailed off with distance from the coast. Within the shelf region, anammox activity peaked in both upper and bottom waters. Overall, rates of nitrogen transformation, including anammox, were strongly correlated with the export of organic matter. We suggest that the sinking of organic matter, and thus the release of ammonium into the water column, together with benthic ammonium release, fuel nitrogen loss from oxygen minimum zones.

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La protección de las aguas subterráneas es una prioridad de la política medioambiental de la UE. Por ello ha establecido un marco de prevención y control de la contaminación, que incluye provisiones para evaluar el estado químico de las aguas y reducir la presencia de contaminantes en ellas. Las herramientas fundamentales para el desarrollo de dichas políticas son la Directiva Marco del Agua y la Directiva Hija de Aguas Subterráneas. Según ellas, las aguas se consideran en buen estado químico si: • la concentración medida o prevista de nitratos no supera los 50 mg/l y la de ingredientes activos de plaguicidas, de sus metabolitos y de los productos de reacción no supera el 0,1 μg/l (0,5 μg/l para el total de los plaguicidas medidos) • la concentración de determinadas sustancias de riesgo es inferior al valor umbral fijado por los Estados miembros; se trata, como mínimo, del amonio, arsénico, cadmio, cloruro, plomo, mercurio, sulfatos, tricloroetileno y tetracloroetileno • la concentración de cualquier otro contaminante se ajusta a la definición de buen estado químico enunciada en el anexo V de la Directiva marco sobre la política de aguas • en caso de superarse el valor correspondiente a una norma de calidad o a un valor umbral, una investigación confirma, entre otros puntos, la falta de riesgo significativo para el medio ambiente. Analizar el comportamiento estadístico de los datos procedentes de la red de seguimiento y control puede resultar considerablemente complejo, debido al sesgo positivo que suelen presentar dichos datos y a su distribución asimétrica, debido a la existencia de valores anómalos y diferentes tipos de suelos y mezclas de contaminantes. Además, la distribución de determinados componentes en el agua subterránea puede presentar concentraciones por debajo del límite de detección o no ser estacionaria debida a la existencia de tendencias lineales o estacionales. En el primer caso es necesario realizar estimaciones de esos valores desconocidos, mediante procedimientos que varían en función del porcentaje de valores por debajo del límite de detección y el número de límites de detección aplicables. En el segundo caso es necesario eliminar las tendencias de forma previa a la realización de contrastes de hipótesis sobre los residuos. Con esta tesis se ha pretendido establecer las bases estadísticas para el análisis riguroso de los datos de las redes de calidad con objeto de realizar la evaluación del estado químico de las masas de agua subterránea para la determinación de tendencias al aumento en la concentración de contaminantes y para la detección de empeoramientos significativos, tanto en los casos que se ha fijado un estándar de calidad por el organismo medioambiental competente como en aquéllos que no ha sido así. Para diseñar una metodología que permita contemplar la variedad de casos existentes, se han analizado los datos de la Red Oficial de Seguimiento y Control del Estado Químico de las Aguas Subterráneas del Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente (Magrama). A continuación, y dado que los Planes Hidrológicos de Cuenca son la herramienta básica de las Directivas, se ha seleccionado la Cuenca del Júcar, dada su designación como cuenca piloto en la estrategia de implementación común (CIS) de la Comisión Europea. El objetivo principal de los grupos de trabajo creados para ello se dirigió a implementar la Directiva Derivada de Agua Subterráneas y los elementos de la Directiva Marco del Agua relacionadas, en especial la toma de datos en los puntos de control y la preparación del primer Plan de Gestión de Cuencas Hidrográficas. Dada la extensión de la zona y con objeto de analizar una masa de agua subterránea (definida como la unidad de gestión en las Directivas), se ha seleccionado una zona piloto (Plana de Vinaroz Peñiscola) en la que se han aplicado los procedimientos desarrollados con objeto de determinar el estado químico de dicha masa. Los datos examinados no contienen en general valores de concentración de contaminantes asociados a fuentes puntuales, por lo que para la realización del estudio se han seleccionado valores de concentración de los datos más comunes, es decir, nitratos y cloruros. La estrategia diseñada combina el análisis de tendencias con la elaboración de intervalos de confianza cuando existe un estándar de calidad e intervalos de predicción cuando no existe o se ha superado dicho estándar. De forma análoga se ha procedido en el caso de los valores por debajo del límite de detección, tomando los valores disponibles en la zona piloto de la Plana de Sagunto y simulando diferentes grados de censura con objeto de comparar los resultados obtenidos con los intervalos producidos de los datos reales y verificar de esta forma la eficacia del método. El resultado final es una metodología general que integra los casos existentes y permite definir el estado químico de una masa de agua subterránea, verificar la existencia de impactos significativos en la calidad del agua subterránea y evaluar la efectividad de los planes de medidas adoptados en el marco del Plan Hidrológico de Cuenca. ABSTRACT Groundwater protection is a priority of the EU environmental policy. As a result, it has established a framework for prevention and control of pollution, which includes provisions for assessing the chemical status of waters and reducing the presence of contaminants in it. The measures include: • criteria for assessing the chemical status of groundwater bodies • criteria for identifying significant upward trends and sustained concentrations of contaminants and define starting points for reversal of such trends • preventing and limiting indirect discharges of pollutants as a result of percolation through soil or subsoil. The basic tools for the development of such policies are the Water Framework Directive and Groundwater Daughter Directive. According to them, the groundwater bodies are considered in good status if: • measured or predicted concentration of nitrate does not exceed 50 mg / l and the active ingredients of pesticides, their metabolites and reaction products do not exceed 0.1 mg / l (0.5 mg / l for total of pesticides measured) • the concentration of certain hazardous substances is below the threshold set by the Member States concerned, at least, of ammonium, arsenic, cadmium, chloride, lead, mercury, sulphates, trichloroethylene and tetrachlorethylene • the concentration of other contaminants fits the definition of good chemical status set out in Annex V of the Framework Directive on water policy • If the value corresponding to a quality standard or a threshold value is exceeded, an investigation confirms, among other things, the lack of significant risk to the environment. Analyzing the statistical behaviour of the data from the monitoring networks may be considerably complex due to the positive bias which often presents such information and its asymmetrical distribution, due to the existence of outliers and different soil types and mixtures of pollutants. Furthermore, the distribution of certain components in groundwater may have concentrations below the detection limit or may not be stationary due to the existence of linear or seasonal trends. In the first case it is necessary to estimate these unknown values, through procedures that vary according to the percentage of values below the limit of detection and the number of applicable limits of detection. In the second case removing trends is needed before conducting hypothesis tests on residuals. This PhD thesis has intended to establish the statistical basis for the rigorous analysis of data quality networks in order to conduct the evaluation of the chemical status of groundwater bodies for determining upward and sustained trends in pollutant concentrations and for the detection of significant deterioration in cases in which an environmental standard has been set by the relevant environmental agency and those that have not. Aiming to design a comprehensive methodology to include the whole range of cases, data from the Groundwater Official Monitoring and Control Network of the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Magrama) have been analysed. Then, since River Basin Management Plans are the basic tool of the Directives, the Júcar river Basin has been selected. The main reason is its designation as a pilot basin in the common implementation strategy (CIS) of the European Commission. The main objective of the ad hoc working groups is to implement the Daughter Ground Water Directive and elements of the Water Framework Directive related to groundwater, especially the data collection at control stations and the preparation of the first River Basin Management Plan. Given the size of the area and in order to analyze a groundwater body (defined as the management unit in the Directives), Plana de Vinaroz Peñíscola has been selected as pilot area. Procedures developed to determine the chemical status of that body have been then applied. The data examined do not generally contain pollutant concentration values associated with point sources, so for the study concentration values of the most common data, i.e., nitrates and chlorides have been selected. The designed strategy combines trend analysis with the development of confidence intervals when there is a standard of quality and prediction intervals when there is not or the standard has been exceeded. Similarly we have proceeded in the case of values below the detection limit, taking the available values in Plana de Sagunto pilot area and simulating different degrees of censoring in order to compare the results obtained with the intervals achieved from the actual data and verify in this way the effectiveness of the method. The end result is a general methodology that integrates existing cases to define the chemical status of a groundwater body, verify the existence of significant impacts on groundwater quality and evaluate the effectiveness of the action plans adopted in the framework of the River Basin Management Plan.

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Chicken erythroid AE1 anion exchangers receive endoglycosidase F (endo F)-sensitive sugar modifications in their initial transit through the secretory pathway. After delivery to the plasma membrane, anion exchangers are internalized and recycled to the Golgi where they acquire additional N-linked modifications that are resistant to endo F. During recycling, some of the anion exchangers become detergent insoluble. The acquisition of detergent insolubility correlates with the association of the anion exchanger with cytoskeletal ankyrin. Reagents that inhibit different steps in the endocytic pathway, including 0.4 M sucrose, ammonium chloride, and brefeldin A, block the acquisition of endo F-resistant sugars and the acquisition of detergent insolubility by newly synthesized anion exchangers. The inhibitory effects of ammonium chloride on anion exchanger processing are rapidly reversible. Furthermore, AE1 anion exchangers become detergent insoluble more rapidly than they acquire endo F-resistant modifications in cells recovering from an ammonium chloride block. This suggests that the cytoskeletal association of the recycling anion exchangers occurs after release from the compartment where they accumulate due to ammonium chloride treatment, and prior to their transit through the Golgi. The recycling pool of newly synthesized anion exchangers is reflected in the steady-state distribution of the polypeptide. In addition to plasma membrane staining, anion exchanger antibodies stain a perinuclear compartment in erythroid cells. This perinuclear AE1-containing compartment is also stained by ankyrin antibodies and partially overlaps the membrane compartment stained by NBD C6-ceramide, a Golgi marker. Detergent extraction of erythroid cells in situ has suggested that a substantial fraction of the perinuclear pool of AE1 is cytoskeletal associated. The demonstration that erythroid anion exchangers interact with elements of the cytoskeleton during recycling to the Golgi suggests the cytoskeleton may be involved in the post-Golgi trafficking of this membrane transporter.

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O desenvolvimento de técnicas analíticas, espectroscópicas e de imagem baseadas na detecção da fluorescência está associado com a necessidade por marcadores fluorescentes com variadas características e aplicabilidades. Dentre os diversos marcadores fluorescentes disponíveis, os derivados de borodipirrometenos (BODIPY), descobertos no final da década de 1960, passaram a ser amplamente utilizados desde o final da década de 1980. Esta tese de doutorado se trata de um estudo pioneiro no Brasil, envolvendo a síntese, modificação química e caracterização fotofísica de BODIPYs. Na primeira etapa do projeto métodos de obtenção de BODIPYs foram estabelecidos e aplicados na síntese de uma biblioteca de sondas fluorescentes. O estudo fotofísico dessa biblioteca de fluoróforos nos possibilitou identificar e estudar particularidades de alguns fluoróforos, como o solvatocromismo, halocromismo e ionocromismo. A segunda etapa do projeto envolveu o estabelecimento de métodos de modificação química de BODIPYs visando a diversificação fotofísica e estrutural da biblioteca de compostos. Foram sintetizados BODIPYs reativos que foram submetidos a reações de substituição nucleofílica, Suzuki, Sonogashira, Knoevenagel e arilação direta, levando à obtenção de compostos com propriedades ópticas diversas. Por fim, na terceira etapa do projeto, está descrito o desenvolvimento de novos métodos de modificação química de fluoróforos BODIPY. Foi desenvolvido um método simples de tiocianação direta dessa classe de compostos com bons rendimentos, baseado na utilização de tiocianato de amônio e oxone ®. O escopo e as limitações do novo método de tiocianação foi estudado em BODIPYs com propriedades eletrônicas diversas. Foi mostrada ainda a conversão de BODIPYs tiocianados a derivados tioalquilados com características ópticas particulares. Em conclusão, com esta tese de doutorado foi estabelecida uma linha de pesquisa inovadora envolvendo a síntese e modificação química de uma classe de compostos com ampla aplicação tecnológica.

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O processo de beneficiamento do zinco, extraído em Vazante pela Companhia Mineira de Metais - CMM produz um rejeito alcalino e com baixa disponibilidade de nutrientes. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo avaliar o potencial de utilização de espécies leguminosas noduladas e micorrizadas na revegetação de barragem de rejeito da CMM. Neste sentido, foram instalados dois experimentos de campo onde foi realizado o plantio prévio de Brachiaria sp. O primeiro experimento foi composto por 36 tratamentos que foram formados por uma combinação de 17 espécies + 1 testemunha (ausência de plantas) na presença e na ausência de esterco de curral (2,0 L) na cova de plantio. Cada unidade experimental foi formada por 20 exemplares da mesma espécie que foram plantadas em covas abertas manualmente (25 x 25 x 25 cm) num espaçamento de 2 x 2 m. Todas as covas receberam a adubação básica formada por 125 g de superfosfato simples e 60 g de cloreto de potássio. Entre as 17 espécies avaliadas, 3 não pertencem a família Leguminosae e receberam, além da adubação básica, cerca de 25 g de sulfato de amônio por cobertura. O segundo experimento foi montado com o objetivo de avaliar o potencial de espécies leguminosas beneficiarem o estabelecimento e crescimento de espécies não leguminosas na revegetação de barragem de rejeito da CMM. Foram utilizadas três espécies leguminosas (Enterolobium scomburkii, Acacia mangium e Acacia holosericea) e três não leguminosas (Lithraea brasiliensis, Cinnamomum glaziovii e Eugenia jambolana) num esquema fatorial (3 x 3) + 1 testemunha, formando dez tratamentos distribuídos em blocos ao acaso com três repetições. Cada parcela foi formada por 20 plantas (10 leguminosas + 10 não leguminosas) plantadas em espaçamento 2 x 2 m e com a mesma adubação básica utilizada no primeiro experimento. Todas as espécies leguminosas utilizadas foram previamente inoculadas com estirpes selecionadas de bactérias fixadoras de Nitrogênio atmosférico e com uma mistura de fungos micorrízicos provenientes da Embrapa/Agrobiologia. Os experimentos foram avaliados quanto ao estabelecimento e crescimento de plantas (altura e diâmetro do colo) aos 4, 12 e 24 meses após o plantio. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que dentre as espécies avaliadas, as mais indicadas para a primeira etapa da revegetação da barragem de rejeito da CMM são: Acacia holosericea, Acacia farnesiana, Acacia auriculiformis, Mimosa caesalpiniifolia, Leucaena leucocephala, Mimosa birmucronata, Enterolobium schomburkii e Prosopis juliflora. O sucesso do consórcio de espécies leguminosas e não leguminosas depende da escolha das espécies a serem combinadas, de maneira que não exista uma efetiva competição por água, nutrientes e luz que possa prejudicar as espécies de menor plasticidade. Das combinações avaliadas, as de maiores potencialidades para o programa de revegetação das barragens de rejeito da CMM são aquelas envolvendo a espécieLithraea brasiliensis.

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O uso ineficiente do nitrogênio (N) é um problema global, que pode diminuir a sustentabilidade da produção agrícola da cana-de-açúcar para fins energéticos devido às emissões de N2O oriundas da fertilização nitrogenada. A eficiência de utilização de nitrogênio (EUN) tem sido pouco estudada em genótipos de cana-de-açúcar, o que pode ser preocupante devido a importância da cultura para o país. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a EUN de genótipos de cana-de-açúcar, verificando se genótipos contrastantes tem preferência de absorção por amônio ao invés de nitrato, e checar se extratos radiculares de Brachiaria humidicola e Saccharum spontaneum aumentam a eficiência de utilização de N pela cultura. Para isso três experimentos foram desenvolvidos em condições controladas em casa-de-vegetação e câmara de crescimento. No primeiro deles, 18 genótipos foram submetidos a dois níveis de N: limitante (baixo N) e suficiente (alto N). Posteriormente, quatro genótipos selecionados quanto a EUN do primeiro experimento, foram cultivados em câmara de crescimento por 69 dias, onde receberam quantidades conhecidas de N-fertilizante marcado ou no 15NH4+ ou no 15NO3-, sendo avaliados 24 e 72 horas após a aplicação do fertilizante marcado. Um terceiro ensaio foi realizado, em que extratos radiculares de Brachiaria humidicola (BCH) e Saccharum spontaneum (SCS) foram aplicados ao solo com o intuito de verificar seu potencial como inibidor da nitrificação, comparando-os com a dicianodiamida (DCD), e seu efeito para o aumento do aproveitamento do N pela cana-de-açúcar. No experimento de EUN verificou-se grande variação entre os genótipos. Dos 18 genótipos avaliados, seis foram classificados como responsivos a N e eficientes na utilização de N, três foram não eficientes e responsivos; dois foram eficientes e não responsivos, e sete não eficientes e não responsivos. Esse resultado comprova que a recomendação da adubação nitrogenada pode realmente estar pouco precisa, pois não leva em consideração a EUN de cada genótipo, sendo realizada uma aplicação genérica. As medições de fotossíntese mostraram que os genótipos mais eficientes na utilização do N, não necessariamente possuem as taxas fotossintéticas mais elevadas, estando a EUN diretamente relacionada à quantidade de raízes das plantas. No segundo trabalho, verificou-se que o N na planta proveniente do fertilizante (NPPF), 72 horas após a aplicação do N, foi 36% menor quando a fonte marcada foi NO3-, atestando que a cana-de-açúcar tem preferência de absorção por amônio em relação ao nitrato nos primeiros dias após a adubação nitrogenada. Por fim, os resultados do terceiro ensaio mostraram que a aplicação de sulfato de amônio (SA), associado ao inibidor sintético DCD, manteve os valores de N-NO3- baixos ao longo de todo período de avaliação (durante 60 dias), enquanto que com SA, SA+BCH e SA+SCS houve um aumento na concentração de nitrato no solo já a partir de 15 dia após a fertilização. O uso de DCD reduziu o fluxo médio de N2O durante o período de avaliação em relação ao uso isolado do fertilizante, o que não foi observado com o uso de extratos de raízes de Brachiaria humidicola e Saccharum spontaneum

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A simple, reliable, and efficient method has been elaborated for direct determination of isotopic composition of authigenic uranium in siliceous lacustrine sediments. The method is based on studying kinetics of selective extraction of authigenic uranium from sediments by weak solutions of ammonium hydrocarbonate followed by ICP-MS analysis of nuclides. To estimate contamination of authigenic uranium by terrigenous one contents of 232Th and some other clastogenic elements in the extracts were measured simultaneously. Selectivity of extraction of authigenic uranium from the sediments treated with 1% NH4HCO3 solution appeared to be no worse than 99%. The method was applied to analysis of isotopic composition of authigenic uranium at several key horizons of the earlier dated core from the Baikal Lake. Measurements directly show that 234U/238U values in Baikal water varied depending on climate, which contradicts existing hypotheses. Measured 234U/238U ratios in water of the paleo-Baikal match corresponding values reconstructed from isotopic data for total uranium in the sediments on supposition that U/Th ratio is constant in terrigenous fraction of the sediments. Direct experimental determination of total and authigenic nuclides in sediments enhances potentiality of the method for 234U-230Th dating of non-carbonate lacustrine sediments including those from the Baikal Lake within intervals corresponding to periods of glaciation, when sediments were rich in terrigenous components. Portions of terrigenous and authigenic uranium are well separated and we can study variability of sources of terrigenous matter and refine the earlier model for reconstructing climate humidity in the East Siberia.

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Zincite and spinel phases are present in the complex slag systems encountered in zinc/lead sintering and zinc smelting processes. These phases form extensive solid solutions and are stable over a wide range of compositions, temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. Accurate information on the stability of these phases is required in order to develop thermodynamic models of these slag systems. Phase equilibria in the Fe–Zn–O system have been experimentally studied for a range of conditions, between 900°C and 1580°C and oxygen partial pressures (pO2) between air and metallic iron saturation, using equilibration and quenching techniques. The compositions of the phases were measured using Electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPMA). The ferrous and ferric bulk iron concentrations were determined using a specially developed wet-chemical analysis procedure based on the use of ammonium metavanadate. XRD was used to confirm phase identification. A procedure was developed to overcome the problems associated with evaporation of zinc at low pO2 values and to ensure the achievement of equilibria. An isothermal section of the system FeO–Fe2O3–ZnO at high ZnO concentrations at 1200°C was constructed. The maximum solubilities of iron and zinc in zincite and spinel phases in equilibrium were determined at pO2 = 1 × 10-6 atm at 1200°C and 1300°C. The morphology of the zincite crystals sharply changes in air between 1200–1300°C from rounded to plate-like. This is shown to be associated with significant increase in total iron concentration, the additional iron being principally in the form of ferric iron. Calculations performed by FactSage with a thermodynamically optimised database have been compared with the experimental results.

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The Cu-Mo system is a composite used in the electrical industry as material for electrical contact and resistance welding electrode as well as the heat sink and microwave absorber in microelectronic devices. The use of this material in such applications is due to the excellent properties of thermal and electrical conductivity and the possibility of adjustment of its coefficient of thermal expansion to meet those of materials used as substrates in the semiconductor micoreletrônic industry. Powder metallurgy through the processes of milling, pressing shaping and sintering is a viable technique for consolidation of such material. However, the mutual insolubility of both phases and the low wettability of liquid Cu on Mo impede its densification. However, the mutual insolubility of both phases and the low wettability of liquid Cu on Mo impede its densification. The mechanical alloying is a technique for preparation of powders used to produce nanocrystalline composite powder with amorphous phase or extended solid solution, which increases the sinterability immiscible systems such as the Mo-Cu. This paper investigates the influence of ammonium heptamolybdate (HMA) and the mechanical alloying in the preparation of a composite powder HMA-20% Cu and the effect of this preparation on densification and structure of MoCu composite produced. HMA and Cu powders in the proportion of 20% by weight of Cu were prepared by the techniques of mechanical mixing and mechanical alloying in a planetary mill. These were milled for 50 hours. To observe the evolution of the characteristics of the particles, powder samples were taken after 2, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 40 hours of milling. Cylindrical samples 5 to 8 mm in diameter and 3 to 4 mm thickness were obtained by pressing at 200 MPa to the mixed powders so as to ground. These samples were sintered at 1200 ° C for 60 minutes under an atmosphere of H2. To determine the effect of heating rate on the structure of the material during the decomposition and reduction of HMA, rates of 2, 5 and 10 ° C / min were used .. The post and the structures of the sintered samples were characterized by SEM and EDS. The density of the green and sintered bodies was measured using the geometric method (weight / volume). Vickers microhardness with a load of 1 N for 15 s were performed on sintered structures. The density of the sintered structures 10 ° C / min. reached 99% of theoretical density, how the density of sintered structures to 2 ° C / min. reached only 90% of the theoretical density

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Sulfur compounds emissions have been, on the late years, subject to more severe environmental laws due to its impact on the environment (causing the acid rain phenomena) and on human health. It has also been object of much attention from the refiners worldwide due to its relationship with equipment’s life, which is decreased by corrosion, and also with products’ quality, as the later may have its color, smell and stability altered by the presence of such compounds. Sulfur removal can be carried out by hydrotreating (HDT) which is a catalytic process. Catalysts for HDS are traditionally based on Co(Ni)-Mo(W)/Al2O3. However, in face of the increased contaminants’ content on crude oil, and stricter legislation on emissions, the development of new, more active and efficient catalysts is pressing. Carbides of refractory material have been identified as potential materials for this use. The addition of a second metal to carbides may enhance catalytic activities by increasing the density of active sites. In the present thesis Mo2C with Co addition was produced in a fixed bed reactor via gas-solid reaction of CH4 (5%) and H2(95%) with a precursor made of a mix of ammonium heptamolybdate [(NH4)6[Mo7O24].4H2O] and cobalt nitrate[Co(NO3)2.6H2O] at stoichiometric amounts. Precursors’ where analyzed by XRF, XRD, SEM and TG/DTA. Carboreduction reactions were carried out at 700 and 750°C with two cobalt compositions (2,5 and 5%). Reaction’s products were characterized by XRF, XRD, SEM, TOC, BET and laser granulometry. It was possible to obtain Mo2C with 2,5 and 5% cobalt addition as a single phase at 750°C with nanoscale crystallite sizes. At 700°C, however, both MoO2 and Mo2C phases were found by XRD. No Co containing phases were found by XRD. XRF, however, confirmed the intended Co content added. SEM images confirmed XRD data. The increase on Co content promoted a more severe agglomeration of the produced powder. The same effect was noted when the reaction temperature was increased. The powder synthesized at 750°C with 2,5% Co addition TOC analysis indicated the complete conversion from oxide material to carbide, with a 8,9% free carbon production. The powder produced at this temperature with 5% Co addition was only partially converted (86%)