Avaliação quantitativa do uso dos recursos hídricos em unidade de conservação e entorno: estudo de caso do Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil e Ambiental - FEB

Estudo da vazão específica nas bacias hidrográficas dos rios Aguapeí e Peixe como subsídio à gestão dos recursos hídricos

A área de estudo deste trabalho engloba as bacias hidrográficas dos rios Aguapeí e Peixe, localizadas a Oeste do Estado de São Paulo. Estas por sua vez estão vinculadas aos Comitês de Bacias Hidrográficas Aguapeí e Peixe (CBH-AP). Diante da iminência da implementação da política de cobrança pelo uso dos recursos hídricos nessa área, o presente trabalho apresenta em linhas gerais o estudo da vazão específica de forma que os resultados possam contribuir com os órgãos públicos de gestão a fim de que se execute uma gestão mais efetiva dos recursos hídricos. Com base em dados hidrológicos das estações fluviométricas inventariadas através do Sistema Integrado de Gestão de Recursos Hídricos do Estado de São Paulo (SIGRH) e da Agência Nacional de Águas (ANA) nas duas bacias hidrográficas, procedeu-se o estudo da vazão específica. Os resultados desses estudos apontam para uma maior variabilidade da vazão específica média na bacia hidrográfica do rio do Peixe, uma vez que ao longo da série histórica essa bacia apresenta maiores valores de vazão, foi possível também observar as mudanças no comportamento da vazão hidrológica nas duas bacias hidrográficas, ou seja, através dos três períodos hidrológicos identificados foi possível depreender que a vazão específica média em um período se mostra bem distribuída em ambas as bacias hidrográficas, em outro período hidrológico essa distribuição já se apresenta mais desigual. Tais informações possibilitam aos órgãos de gestão um planejamento mais refinado e eficiente

Análise ambiental simplificada no entorno de águas superficiais na bacia do rio Corumbataí (SP)

The basin of the Corumbataí river is of vital importance to over 600 thousand people, who depend on its waters for consumption. The Simplified Analisys of Environmental Impacts in the Areas Surrounding the Surface Waters of the Drainage Basin of the Corumbataí River (SP) is aimed at defining the areas which are most susceptible to degradation or already damaged and propose engineering solutions according to the environmental problems identified. Using a questionnaire to indicate possible impacts in the surroundings, I related human actions to these damage and quantified them. Having studied the basin extensively and selected 42 areas - generically identified as points and grouped as sub-basins and according to the soil usage -, I was able to identify the main environmental impacts in the basin as: sugar cane monoculture, lack of riparian forest, damaged areas due to mining, the bad state of rural roads and bridges, rubbish disposal alongside roads or directly into the river, accelerated and unplanned expansion of residential and industrial areas into the rural areas and river sources, and Rio Claro's untreated city wastewater

Análise do Programa Município VerdeAzul na Unidade de Gerenciamento de Recursos Hidricos do Pontal do Paranapanema

The increasing degradation of the environment and the depletion of natural resources, caused by indiscriminate production practices, by current and unlimited human needs and also misconceptions that natural resources are inexhaustible, make current and future environment situation, a constant concern of national and world leaders. With the purpose to confront these issues and to qualify the cities on the environmental situation in the state of São Paulo, the Department of the Environment created, in 2007, the Program “Município VerdeAzul. This paper aims to the study this program of Unit Water Resources Management Pontal Paranapanema through specific analysis of data representing the efficiency of the program directives and a comparative study between two cities unit with discrepant scores and a survey of the possible causes of obtaining low scores for municipalities participating in the project. For such a method was used that consisted of a bibliographical survey related to the main environmental liabilities Brazilians... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Urbanização, turismo e seus impactos nos recursos naturais no município de Ilhabela - SP

The urbanization process in the Brazilian cities is directly linked to its main economic activities, and causes several impacts on the natural resources. It can be seen at the city of Ilhabela, an archipelago located at the north coast of the state of São Paulo, that still has a great area of preserved Atlantic Rainforest, and where today the tourism is the main economic activity. With this in sight, this paper aimed to make a prospect of the current situation of the city, looking at the main aspects of its economic and urban development and the environmental impacts related to them. Among the aspects studied, are the irregular occupations at preservation areas on the island: the pressure on the sea ecosystems by the fishing and the boat circulation, and at the beaches by the tourists flow. Were also observed the characteristics of the city’s urban infrastructure, such as the water supply, sewer and road networks and the waste collecting. Finally, it was analyzed the way that the government acts over the preservation of the island’s natural resources, by the Municipality and the Ilhabela State Park, so that the acting of these two agents could be compared

Litofácies e relações estratigráficas da formação Aquidauana no nordeste da Bacia do Paraná - São Sebastião do Paraíso (MG)

The Aquidauana Formation is characterized by sandstones of variable granulation, mudstones and diamectites abundant in clay, typical colors like brick red (vermelho tijolo) of glacial, fluvial and lacustrine origin. It’s chronostratigraphic equivalent to the Itarará group from the Neo Carboniferous age, that under the exploratory view, such units represent important intervals in the basin, occurring together with them minerals as well as energy resources as petroleum, underground water and coal – what requires a great paleogeography and stratigraphy knowledge for its exploration. By gathering information from the columnar sections of the area, it was possible to characterize the sedimentary facies, the stacking pattern as well as the association. It was also made an attempt of stratigraphic correlation, which showed great difficulties since glacial environments present a great lateral discontinuity of the facies besides the complex relationship process of formation. As a result, it was obtained 8 sedimentary facies, the lateral and vertical relations and genesis process. It is proposed that the sedimentary environment in the study area is the fluvio glacial, characterized by alluvial systems formed by defrosted water which transport the sediments that are deposited in plains in front of the glacier (distal outwash). Petrographic thin section analysis showed that the transportation process was ineffective. The grains present punctual to lobular contacts, characterizing good porosity and permeability to the rock, varying these qualities according to more or less existence of matrix. The presence of Iron Oxide deposited between the recrystallization border and feldspathic mineral indicates that this rock has possibly presented a primary rubefaction, intensified by alkaline fluid percolation

Avaliação da toxicidade sobre Ceriodaphnia dubia das águas dos rios Atibaia, Jaguari e efluente tratado de refinaria de petróleo

Ensuring availability of quality water for human consumption causes becomes an increasing number of studies for the analysis of effluent before and after treatment, so that its release into receiving bodies do not cause significant changes in the river water and on the biological communities related to them. The biomarkers of toxicity have long been used to verify the potential toxic effluent and its correlation with the treatment efficiency of them. In this context, the cladoceran Ceriodaphnia dubia stands out because it is a benthic aquatic organism highly sensitive to environmental changes. In this study, to evaluate the interference of the release of treated wastewater of oil refinery in Rio Atibaia, we sought to determine the toxicity on population dynamics of Ceriodaphnia dubia microcrustacean in water samples upstream and downstream from the launch site, compared with samples from Rio Jaguarí at the point of capture by the company itself and treated effluent. We have studied the number of offspring produced in 10 replicates, each starting with a test individual of up to 24 hours for each sample and correlated the results with physical-chemical and microbiological tests performed by a laboratory technician. For most tests, the results indicate that the treated effluent gives sub-lethal toxicity to the microcrustacean, as delay the onset of the reproductive cycle of the same

Topobatimetria e geração de modelo digital de terreno no monitoramento da dinâmica fluvial do ribeirão Guaratinguetá

This research was developed with the goal of creating a Digital Terrain Model(DTM),through a topo-bathymetric data gathering that allows the monitoring of the fluvial dynamics of part of Guaratinguetá’s creek, where preliminary evaluations identified, in a short period of time, intense changes on its riverbed. Modern topography technics and tools were used for the data gathering, such as the use of geodesic GPS and Total Station. The DTM was primal for the project e execution of the desilting works of the researched part of the creek, being used to estimate the amount of soil to be moved. The comparison between the digital terrain models generated before and after the desilting has showed the efficiency and aplicability of this technique in the monitoring of the fluvial dynamics changes of Guaratinguetá’s creek

Construindo desenvolvimento sustentável: contextualização dos mecanismos da gestão empresarial de recursos hídricos superficiais no estado de São Paulo

A escassez de água para a manutenção dos processos naturais ou para abastecimento humano e em empreendimentos seja em quantidade ou qualidade, corrobora a necessidade e a urgência de comprometimento efetivo de responsabilidade do ser humano com os recursos hídricos e com o ambiente. Falar em Gestão Ambiental (GA), entretanto, especialmente no Brasil, tornou-se lugar comum no discurso de diversos segmentos da sociedade, e em muitos casos desprovido de sentido efetivo. No meio empresarial, ações e discurso ambiental veiculados são reflexo da atuação de diferentes perfis de profissionais, com diferentes tipos de treinamento, e regidos por interesses que nem sempre remontam preocupação com o meio. A regulamentação sobre como devem ser exercida a atuação na área de ambiental, entretanto, bem como monitoramento institucional desta atuação, ainda se encontram em estágio de construção. Mas, a crescente pressão da demanda socioeconômica na iniciativa privada responde por crescente consumo de água e produção de águas residuárias. Para que o desenvolvimento atingido seja sustentável nestes empreendimentos é, portanto, urgente que haja disseminação de informação a gestores ambientais e a comunidade, disponibilizando ferramentas para um gerenciamento mais adequado – com entendimento da situação, de alternativas para amenizar impactos gerados, de como o empreendimento se insere neste cenário e com acompanhamento do desenvolvimento institucional. Assim, este trabalho tem como proposta a produção de material de referência na contextualização da situação dos mecanismos da gestão de recursos hídricos superficiais no estado de São Paulo para empreendimentos, dentro do foco do saneamento básico. Isso foi realizado através de revisão bibliográfica em livros e artigos científicos, teses acadêmicas, levantamento...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Bioengenharia no controle de processos erosivos de áreas de hidrelétricas – o caso da PCH Costa Rica (MS)

The crescent increasing demand of the electric power in Brazil has stimulated the implantation of Small Central Hydroelectric Power (SCHP) in several regions of the country. However, the silting up of the reservoirs is one of the main problems faced by hydroelectric power plants and SCHP. In this context, this research aimed evaluate the phenomenology and propose the enforcement of appropriate bioengineering techniques to control the intense erosive process of the hydrographical basin of the “Alto Rio Sucuriú,” that cause silting up of the reservoirs of the SCHP Costa Rica, located in the municipal district of Costa Rica (MS). In order to identify the phenomenology of the main falling in of this basin, a diagnosis of the conditions of the physical environment of the region (climate, geology, pedology, hydrology, and use of the ground) was realized. A surveying was also realized to specify the geometric feature of the falling in using the Total Station of the Ruide brand, series RTS 860R and the geodetic GPS of the Ashtech brand and the data obtained was used on the preparation of the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the falling in. Based on this diagnosis an official register of the falling in was done with identification of the different types of present erosion. Due to the advanced erosive stage of the falling in researched, the use of bioengineering techniques could be the best solution considering that the traditional engineering techniques make use of heavy material like concrete, iron and large machines that besides causing higher impact to the natural and esthetic aspects of the environment also require a higher investment of capital. This research establish a great cooperation to the knowledge of the erosive process and of the rehabilitation of the degraded areas with application of bioengineering techniques not only hydrographical basin of “Alto Rio Sucuriú” but also to other basins that show similar situation

Planejamento ambiental da bacia hidrográfica do córrego Embirí – UGRHI Pontal do Paranapanema – São Paulo: inventário e diagnóstico

This study aimed to contribute to the environmental planning of the watershed Embirí stream - UGRHI Pontal Paranapanema (belonging to the Paranapanema Management unit) in the cities of Presidente Prudente and Regente Feijó, São Paulo. This basin is located in the area of the Santo Anastácio river source, responsible for supplying water to about 30% of the population of Presidente Prudente. The methodological procedures based on Leal (1995) and Rodriguez et al. (2004), and the steps include inventory and diagnosis of the basin. We conducted extensive literature review, cartographic and documentary on the subject area of research, field work, preparation of thematic maps and summary chart of physical units and environmental use and land cover, participatory mapping of environmental risks, quality analysis of water. Most of the basin of the stream of twine had a high environmental fragility and the main problems found were lack of riparian vegetation, erosion, siltation of water bodies, irregular disposal of debris and the dumping of sewage. The results were summarized in the diagnosis and can identify the most important environmental impacts, environmental and spatial weaknesses of the legislation, and thus draw up proposals for action to the area that is substantially degraded

Planejamento ambiental da bacia do Balneário da Amizade – São Paulo

Esta monografia esta relacionado à pesquisa de iniciação científica inserida no Grupo de Pesquisa em Gestão Ambiental e Dinâmica Socioespacial (GADIS), da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, UNESP, campus de Presidente Prudente, e vincula-se a projetos mais amplos desenvolvidos com apoio da FAPESP, do CNPq e FEHIDRO. De modo geral, este trabalho possui o objetivo de contribuir para o planejamento ambiental da bacia do Balneário da Amizade, como também para o gerenciamento de seus recursos hídricos, aprofundando conhecimentos teórico-metodológicos sobre o tema. Os procedimentos metodológicos seguem a proposta de Rodriguez (1994) adaptada por Leal (1995), na qual incluem etapas de elaboração do Inventário, Diagnóstico Ambiental, Prognóstico e Propostas, de modo a identificar as características de uso e ocupação da bacia do Balneário da Amizade, mapear seus principais problemas ambientais e elaborar propostas visando sua recuperação ambiental e a preservação de seus recursos hídricos, além de analisar políticas públicas direcionadas para a bacia. A importância desta pesquisa se inicia com a escolha da área de estudo, já que a mesma é uma importante bacia hidrográfica para os municípios de Presidente Prudente e Álvares Machado... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Toxicidade a Saccharomyces cerevisiae e ecotoxicidade de efluente contendo corante remazol vermelho brilhante tratado pelo processo fotoeletrolítico

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Contribuição das águas subterrâneas para a vazão do Ribeirão Boa Vista ou Córrego do Lajeado

This paper aimed to give a contribution to improve water resources management, consists of the analysis of interaction among groundwater and streamflow, by through the analysis of the relationship between basic and total streamflow, based on measured hidrological data from Ribeirão Boa Vista or Córrego Lajeado. watershed. Comparisons among groundwaterflow in this basin with another one in Rio Corumbataí basin were made based on the specific basic flow, in order to verify the possibility of the utilization of measured hydrological data in other basins with similar geological characteristics and soil use and occupation. Based upon the comparisons that were made, specific basic flow does not represent a good tool for extrapolation of measured data, indicating that this comparison shall be weighted by others characteristics as permeability and thickness of geological formations. Finally, it was possible to conclude that basic flow may be considered as an additional parameter for analysis of hydrological and hydrogeological characteristics of a basin and to provide subsidies to release legal licenses for water resources uses. related to surface water as well as for groundwater and may also be used as a tool for consolidation of integrated management of water resources, that is considered as a necessary and essential practice to avoid conflicts between users of water resources in a river basin.