La responsabilidad social corporativa y su relación con la rentabilidad: un análisis del sector bancario internacional

El estudio de la relación entre la RSC y el desempeño financiero (DEF) es complejo. En este sentido caben distintas hipótesis. En un extremo la hipótesis del impacto social (Freeman, 1984) defiende la existencia de un impacto positivo en la rentabilidad cuando se concilian los intereses y expectativas de la empresa y el conjunto de los grupos de interés. En el otro extremo, otros autores establecen una relación negativa entre la RSC y la rentabilidad (tradeoff hypothesis) mostrando que los costos asociados a la RSC exceden de los beneficios generados para la empresa (Friedman, 1962, 1970; Aupperle et al, 1985). En el medio algunos autores sostienen la existencia de mediadores o intangibles que explicarían los resultados a veces inconclusos y en definitiva sustentar una relación neutral entre ambas variables (Setó y Angla, 2011; Surroca, Tribó y Waddock, 2010; Gómez-García, 2008). Otros autores defienden la hipótesis de un círculo de valor virtuoso bidireccional o hipótesis de sinergia positiva entre la RSC y el DEF (McGuire et al, 1990; Waddock y Graves, 1997; Preston y ÓBannon, 1997; Orlitzky, et al., 2003, Orlitzky, 2005; Allouche y Laroche, 2005). De acuerdo a esta hipótesis, las compañías con resultados previos buenos liberan recursos para acometer actividades de RSC (hipótesis de la disponibilidad de recursos). Debido a ello, las investigaciones realizadas en los últimos años sobre el impacto de la RSC en el DEF arrojaron resultados inconclusos y conclusiones diferentes dependiendo de la industria, la dimensión estudiada de la RSC y del horizonte temporal considerado (Ortlitzky et al, 2003; Allouche y Laroche, 2005; Marom, 2006; Peloza, 2009; Martínez-Campillo et al 2013). En esta misma línea apuntan Godfrey y Hatch (2007) cuando señalaron la importancia de resolver estas tres cuestiones para poder comparar resultados...

Professor gender, age, and “hotness” in influencing college students’ generation and interpretation of professor ratings

Undergraduate psychology students rated expectations of a bogus professor (randomly designated a man or woman and hot versus not hot) based on an online rating and sample comments as found on RateMyProfessors.com (RMP). Five professor qualities were derived using principal components analysis (PCA): dedication, attractiveness, enhancement, fairness, and clarity. Participants rated current psychology professors on the same qualities. Current professors were divided based on gender (man or woman), age (under 35 or 35 and older), and attractiveness (at or below the median or above the median). Using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), students expected hot professors to be more attractive but lower in clarity. They rated current professors as lowest in clarity when a man and 35 or older. Current professors were rated significantly lower in dedication, enhancement, fairness, and clarity when rated at or below the median on attractiveness. Results, with previous research, suggest numerous factors, largely out of professors’ control, influencing how students interpret and create professor ratings. Caution is therefore warranted in using online ratings to select courses or make hiring and promotion decisions.

The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association

Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. Some Municipal Fiestas and Celebrations in Colonial Hispanic America by John Preston Moore – The Citadel Jefferson Davis’s Route from Richmond, Virginia, to Irwinville, Georgia, April 2-May 10, 1865 by Nora Marshall Davis – Historical Markers Survey of South Carolina Postal Savings Banks in the United States, 1871-1939 by Nancy McIntosh – Columbia High School Legislative Domination in South Carolina by George R. Sherrill – University of South Carolina

The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association

Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. The Protestant Missionary in China: Problems of the First Treaty Period, 1842-1860 by Gordon K. Harrington French Communism and the Non-Communist Intellectuals, 1949 by Frederick F. Ritsch The Charles Town Board of Police, 1780-1782: A Study in Civil Administration under Military Occupation by George S. McCowen, Jr. Racism in the Administrations of Governor Cole Blease by Ronald D. Burnside The Twentieth Century: Age of the Dictators by Preston W. Slosson

Breaking old and new ground: a comparative study of coastal and inland naming in Berwickshire

This thesis investigates the place-names of four parishes in Berwickshire and compares coastal and inland naming patterns. Berwickshire is a large county that borders on northern England and historically formed part of Anglo-Saxon Northumbria. Partly due to the survival of extensive archives from the medieval priory of Coldingham, preserved in Durham Cathedral Archives, this county holds some of Scotland’s earliest recorded place- names. The parishes that form the research area are grouped together in the north-east of the county. Two of these parishes, Abbey St Bathans and Bunkle & Preston, are inland, and two, Cockburnspath and Coldingham, have extensive coastlines. The diversity of this group of parishes allows a comparative study of the place-names of coastal and inland areas to be undertaken. The topography of Berwickshire’s thirty-two parishes is very varied, and the four parishes have been chosen to reflect this range of landscapes. The place-names within the four parishes examined in this thesis derive almost exclusively from Old English, Older Scots, Modern Scots including Standard Scottish English, with a small minority derived from Old Norse, Gaelic, and Brittonic. The chronology of Old English, Older Scots, and Modern Scots is defined as given in the Concise Scots Dictionary: Old English is the period up to 1100, Older Scots is the period 1100-1700, and Modern Scots is the period 1700 onwards (CSD, 1985: xiii). Often with place-names it is not possible to give a precise dating for the coining of a toponym. For the purposes of this study, the language label given for a toponym is that of the date of the earliest record of the place-name with earlier linguistic evidence supplementing discussion. This thesis focuses on the names of topographic features, for example hills, rocks and woodland, and the role of perception in their naming. In order to compare the role of perception in inland and coastal naming, this thesis includes a diachronic study of the toponymy of the research area, along with two case studies. The first of these is a study of the toponymy of relief features, which focuses on generic elements in order to compare the perception of one type of referent in the two environments. The second is a study of the ‘colour’ category, which focuses on qualifying elements in order to compare the use of colour terms in the two environments. This thesis is the first comparative study of inland and coastal place-names, and it is one of the first to investigate new ways of using fieldwork as a central part of its methodology. In doing so it proposes innovative and nuanced ways to understand the toponymy of diverse landscapes within a community.