608 resultados para Heterogéneo
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Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAS
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Objective: to identify the interference of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the quality of life of affected, interventions and understanding by health professionals. Method: an integrative review, aiming to answer << What are the interference in the quality of life of post-AMI customers? >> and << What are the interventions proposed in order to minimize them? >>. We selected 12 articles available in the LILACS database, between 2000 and 2011, based on the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. Results: we have selected a total of 12 articles selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria pre-established. We obtained a classification into two themes (1) interference with quality of life and (2) proposals for interventions to minimize interference. Conclusions: highlights the importance of patient involvement in care plan well structured, multidisciplinary team integration and quantity of publications by heterogeneous country on the subject.
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Este artigo resultou de trabalhos realizados no âmbito do projeto integrado de pesquisa A história da didática em instituições de formação de professores no Brasil (1827-2011) , o qual se desenvolve junto a um programa de pesquisa com o mesmo título e objetivos gerais, a saber: identificar, reunir, selecionar, sistematizar, analisar e interpretar aspectos da didática, como disciplina e campo de conhecimento em instituições de formação de professores no Brasil, entre 1827 e 2011. Trata-se de investigações inseridas no campo de investigação conhecido como história das disciplinas escolares, cujo quadro teórico-metodológico é constituído, sobretudo, segundo as formulações de Ivor Goodson e André Chervel. Para esses pesquisadores, a constituição dos saberes escolares específicos de cada disciplina, do currículo, é resultado de um complexo processo envolvendo conflitos, mediações diferentes por diversos sujeitos e instituições, diante dos papéis que, em cada época e sociedade, são atribuídos à escola. Nesse sentido, estudar a história das disciplinas, considerando o saber professoral que as embalou em cada instituição de formação de professores no Brasil, significa dar margem a aspectos de um conjunto heterogêneo de vozes e saberes que contribui para a compreensão do campo de conhecimento sobre a história da formação de professores no Brasil. Daí nossas opções metodológicas pautadas na história oral. Assim, neste artigo, nosso objetivo central é apresentar alguns apontamentos acerca das contribuições da história oral para a pesquisa em história das disciplinas escolares.
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The fracture surfaces express the sequence of events of energy release due to crack propagation by linking the relief of the fracture to the loading stresses. This study aims to evaluate the heterogeneity of the critical zone for the advancement of the crack along its entire length in a thermoset composite carbon fiber and epoxy matrix, fractured in DCB testing (Double Cantilever Beam) and ENF (End-Notched Flexure). Investigations were made from image stacks obtained by optical reflection of extended depth from focus reconstruction. The program NIH Image J was used to obtain elevation map and fully focused images of the fracture surface, whose topographies were quantitatively analyzed. The monofractal behavior for DCB samples was assessed as being heterogeneous along the crack front and along the crack for all the conditionings. For the samples fractured in ENF test, there was a strong positive correlation to the natural condition, considering the fibers at 0° for the monofractal dimension and structural dimension (Df and Ds). For fibers at 90° to crack propagation, there was a moderate positive correlation for the textural dimension of natural condition. However, for the samples under ultraviolet condition and those subjected to thermal cycles, there was no correlation between the fractal dimension and fracture toughness in mode II
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A protonterapia é um tipo de tratamento promissor quanto a diminuição de dose nos tecidos adjacentes ao tumor, devido às suas característica de deposição de energia ao interagir com a matéria. Para aumentar a acurácia do tratamento é necessário que as simulações sejam feitas a partir de um sistema de formação de imagem que utilize também um feixe de prótons, como a tomografia por feixe de prótons (pCT). Essa área atualmente está em desenvolvimento e se defronta com inúmeros problemas na formação de uma imagem precisa. Este trabalho tem o intuito de analisar a viabilidade de simulações computacionais para este tipo de feixe. O código computacional SRIM é um conjunto de programas que calcula o freamento e o alcance de íons ao interagir com a matéria. Esse cálculo baseia-se em ferramentas oriundas da mecânica quântica e também no método de Monte Carlo, para determinar, de modo probabilístico, trajetórias, colisões e ângulos. Foram realizadas simulações no programa SRIM para um alvo heterogêneo envolvendo água e osso cortical. Para analisar o comportamento do feixe transmitido, foram feitas alterações na posição e no tamanho da heterogeneidade. A partir dos dados obtidos pode-se obter valores médios, histogramas e gaussianas dos mesmos para cada simulação e tirar conclusões sobre a viabilidade e as dependências desse tipo de simulação
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This monograph has as objective to study the human relations and the Public Relations in the contemporary time in witch the new technologies of the information got closer to the various existent cultures, but who make of the informative society of the global era, the expansion of the capital and of the culture of the more value. Man kind is backing away from the human relations, because the social interactions in the global world are done by objects such as the television, the internet and the telephone in witch cases the subjectivity and the human contact are traded for the informative quantity, because man kind doesn’t have anymore time to think, reflect and to exchange information. Man kind isolates itself and fills it’s subjective emptiness with the products offered by the neoliberal capitalism. The public relations in the organizations seek the human values created from a complex network of social interactions in all the heterogeneous of the organization. Through the communication the public relations tries to manage the relationships with the dialogical communication, between the public-organization, to harmonize the conflicting differences of the organizational environment. Thus, the public relations has to assume the roll of the information manager, and administrator of the human relations in this new global world, informative and that functions from the capital
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This paper proposed a two-dimensional spatial model to describe the adaptive immune response for viral hepatitis B. This model considered six populations: healthy hepatocytes T, infected hepatocytes Y , hepatitis B virus V , innate immune system I, active immune system X and memory cells, X. First, a compartmental model was constructed and its equilibrium solutions and also the threshold values related to the stability of each solution were obtained. Using this model, we was able to reproduce the different trends observed for the disease, which are: individuals that eliminate the infection without forming immune response, patients with acute and chronic carriers. By including dispersion of defense cells of the immune system and virus (spatial model), we analyze two situations: homogeneous model, in which the model parameters are the same at all points of the network, and heterogeneous model, which characterizes cells more permeable and less permeable to virus invasion. For the two spatial models (homogeneous and heterogeneous) the times relatead to the viral erradication and/or virus invasion and persistence becoming smaller in relation to the compartmental model. The results also showed that for the set of values used in the simulations and if the two diffusion rates are different from zero, the model is sensitive to variations in the rate of viral spread and not dependent on the dispersion of memory cells. Finally, the heterogeneous model when compared to the homogeneous model shows that the infection can be spatially limited depending on the type of the cell involved in the infection process
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A busca pela identificação de fatores que possam apontar o diagnóstico, a resposta terapêutica e sobrevida dos pacientes portadores de neoplasias ósseas tem sido incessante. Poderá ser de grande valia na escolha da proposta terapêutica presumir a agressividade tumoral, capacidade de invasão tecidual, propensão ao desenvolvimento de metástases e resposta ao tratamento. As neoplasias ósseas constituem um grupo heterogêneo de tumores, considerando-se os sítios anatômicos e a etiologia. Existe uma grande dificuldade para se estabelecer o prognóstico nestas patologias. Estudos citogenéticos possibilitam um melhor conhecimento antecipado dessas doenças. Embora fatores ambientais e dietéticos contribuam para a etiologia do câncer, as neoplasias se originam de um processo de múltiplos passos envolvendo alterações de genes e seleção clonal da progênie variante. Estas mutações ocorrem em classes de genes reguladores da proliferação celular como os oncogenes, genes supressores de tumor, fatores de crescimento, vias de sinalização e genes de reparo de DNA. Este projeto tem por objetivo detectar e descrever alterações cromossômicas consistentes e recorrentes através da utilização da citogenética clássica e o seu envolvimento no prognóstico em neoplasias ósseas, de pacientes do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP. Os conhecimentos sobre a biologia molecular melhoram o entendimento sobre os múltiplos aspectos da carcinogênese. Entretanto, embora, as perspectivas permaneçam, não houve até agora benefícios significativos em termos de prevenção, diagnóstico tratamento e seguimento dos pacientes com lesões ósseas. Este projeto visa estudos na tentativa de contribuir para um melhor entendimento e, por conseqüência, gerar dados para posteriores empregos em terapias mais eficazes para melhorar as taxas de sobrevida e beneficiar maior número de pacientes com neoplasias ósseas
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Níveis elevados de agressividade estão diretamente relacionados ao crescimento heterogêneo e ao canibalismo, podendo levar a perdas significativas na produção no setor da aquicultura. Uma alternativa para redução da agressividade poderia ser o aumento da produção de serotonina por meio da suplementação dietética com o aminoácido triptofano (TRP). A serotonina é um neurotransmissor que regula diversos processos comportamentais, dentre eles, a agressividade e o estresse. Assim, neste estudo avaliamos o efeito da suplementação dietética com triptofano TRP no comportamento agressivo em juvenis de tilápia-do-Nilo. Os peixes foram mantidos em aquários individuais durante sete dias e alimentados uma vez ao dia “ad libitum” com as dietas: T1(controle: 0,32% de TRP), T2 (1,28% de TRP) e T3 (2,56% de TRP). O índice de agressividade foi avaliado com base na resposta do peixe à sua imagem no espelho. Contabilizamos o número de ataques (mordidas) à imagem de um espelho posicionado em uma das laterais do aquário durante vinte minutos. Os peixes alimentados com T3 apresentaram menor frequência de mordidas (P = 0,010849) durante o período de observação, em comparação ao grupo controle. Concluímos que a dieta contendo 25,6mg/g TRP altera a agressividade em juvenis de tilápia-do-Nilo e que a rações suplementadas com TRP podem ser uma estratégia eficiente no manejo de pisciculturas. Também avaliamos os efeitos do TRP exógeno na ansiedade (teste do objeto novo) e estresse (teste do confinamento) em juvenis da tilápia-do-Nilo, porém não houve diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais - Sorocaba
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This paper provides an overview of the key findings of a survey that sought to examine the relationship between local government agencies and agrarian reform communities in the State of São Paulo, particularly with regard to the types of support that have been provided by these agencies to the economic activities of settlements. The research was part of the project "The agencies and services involved in the implementation of public policies for equity and growth", which was supported by the Instituto de Colonização e Reforma Agraria (INCRA/SP), whose activities were carried out throughout 2011. In methodological terms, the research was divided into two stages. In the first stage, it sought to identify the main economic activities, vocations and potential of the influencing areas of the Quilombola communities and settlements in their respective regions and micro-regions. Therefore, a survey was conducted based on secondary data. In the second stage, a qualitative, exploratory, empirical, and multiple case study research was conducted. Local public officials, in charge of the institutional relations with the agrarian reform settlements (and quilombolas communities, in this case, one of the municipalities investigated) were the primary source of data for this analysis that sought to evaluate the strength, types and quality of support (plausible or effective) provided by the municipalities to the economic activities of settlements. The results indicated a set of reasonably heterogeneous components, and frequently, distinct, of particular circumstances. Based on the results some proposals for action plans were indicated, which probably would constitute a standard reference for the formulation and implementation of public policies and actions to improve the economic activities of the settlements.
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This paper reports a master research that aimed to analyze the patterns of institutional relationships between local officials and communities of agrarian reform settlements in four counties of the State of São Paulo – Apiaí, Iaras, Promissão and Mirante do Paranapanema – particularly with regard to the types of support offered by the first to the economic activities in the settlements. In terms of methodology, we conducted a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research, outlined in the format of multiple case study. Having like data sources the local officials responsible for institutional relations with the agrarian reform settlements, technicians agents of agencys linkeds to the land question, as INCRA and ITESP, and settled in leadership positions in rural settlements, we sought to evaluate the intensity, the types and quality of the (possible or actual) support offered by municipalities to economic activities inside the settlements. We sought to evaluate the results from theoretical lens formed around the notions of local development and the significance assumed by settlements in different locations. The results showed a fairly heterogeneous and, often, disparate in particular circumstances. It was evident, from the information collected, that a positive action of the municipal government in supporting the economic activities of the settlements is essential for the release of social energy based in settlements, enabling the realization of the "amalgam of possibilities" constructed from the implementation of rural settlements.
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The challenges of dealing with diversity in the school, in a society that values standards, which homogenizes subjects, have been one of the main issues raised, both by researchers in the field of education as the segments that produce the policies in our country. The teatchers transformations, in the new needs prevailing in the era of postmodernity have inspired improvements in the teaching- -learning process and provide conditions to seek training professionals aware and critical in the process of being on social diversity. The present study aimed to investigate the challenges of teaching practice in the process of inclusion of students with disabilities in public schools in the Field of Concordia-SC. Such institutions have structures in their multigrade classes and organizations – with one teatcher for all. The methodological approach was qualitative in nature, with the instruments to collect data, semi-structured interviews and non-participant observation. We research subjects, two teachers of multigrade classes, Azucena and Dalia, which have enrollment of disabled students and the schools that comprise the Concordia Field. It was observed that as a result the main themes emerged from the interviews were: 1) Valuing and respecting the characteristics and capabilities of each student, 2) Design of classroom space as heterogeneous, rich in human diversity, 3) Cooperative work as a potentiator rhythms and different styles of learning, 4) continuing training of teachers: ensuring a “know-how”. It is hoped that the results of this study contribute to the formation and performance of the teacher in the process of inclusion of students with disabilities in school areas, especially in schools field.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)