Rückläufige Tendenz des Dorschbestandes in der zentralen Ostsee hält an - (262. Forschungsreise des FFK "Solea" vom 31.1.-10.2.1989)

Die stark rückläufige Tendenz des Dorschbestandes in der zentralen Ostsee, östlich von Bornholm, über die in den letzten Jahren berichtet wurde, hält nach den Untersuchungen des FFK "Solea" (31.1. - 10.2.1989)an. Im Bornholm Becken lag der durchschnittliche Grundschleppnetzfang je Stunde auf Wassertiefen flacher als 75 m, wo ausreichende Sauerstoffverhältnisse am Boden waren, im EG-Bereich mit 2,5 Korb nochmals niedriger als 1988 (3 Korb). Er lag damit fast um 2/3 niedriger als im langjährigen Mittel 1980-1986. Die besten Fänge wurden mit jeweils 3,5 Korb im Ostzipfel des EG-Meeres, im sogenannten "Bermuda Dreieck", und südlich von Nexö auf jeweils 72 m Wassertiefe erzielt. Im großen und ganzen war der Dorsch im Wassertiefenbereich zwischen 50 und 75 m des Bornholm Beckens recht gleichmäßig verteilt.

A primeira reforma psiquiátrica : uma história do tratamento moral

A presente dissertação tem como objetivo descrever o Tratamento Moral desenvolvido por Philippe Pinel no período que se estende do final do século XVIII ao início do século XIX em Paris. Trata-se de um novo método de tratamento da loucura baseado na normatização e em uma atitude mais humana de cuidado com o louco. O asilo torna-se símbolo desse modelo, hegemônico por mais de um século. Neste estudo, pretendemos descrever o que foi o Tratamento Moral, quais os fundamentos deste método e, principalmente quais as mudanças que engendrou na prática do cuidado da loucura. Para tanto, faremos uma breve descrição do tipo de tratamento dado ao louco no período que antecede o surgimento do Tratamento Moral em Paris. Com o Tratamento Moral, nasce a Psiquiatria como especialidade médica, surgem o alienista e o alienado, o asilo transforma-se em local de cura da loucura e a relação médico-paciente da seus primeiros passos. A partir de uma análise bibliográfica de fontes primárias e secundárias buscamos oferecer aos interessados neste tema dados sobre as bases e as práticas do tratamento iniciado por Pinel, parte da história da psiquiatria e da loucura que são constituintes da realidade psiquiátrica atual.

I. The Superstition Hills, California, earthquakes of 24 November 1987. II. Three-dimensional velocity structure of southern California.

Part 1 of this thesis is about the 24 November, 1987, Superstition Hills earthquakes. The Superstition Hills earthquakes occurred in the western Imperial Valley in southern California. The earthquakes took place on a conjugate fault system consisting of the northwest-striking right-lateral Superstition Hills fault and a previously unknown Elmore Ranch fault, a northeast-striking left-lateral structure defined by surface rupture and a lineation of hypocenters. The earthquake sequence consisted of foreshocks, the M_s 6.2 first main shock, and aftershocks on the Elmore Ranch fault followed by the M_s 6.6 second main shock and aftershocks on the Superstition Hills fault. There was dramatic surface rupture along the Superstition Hills fault in three segments: the northern segment, the southern segment, and the Wienert fault.

In Chapter 2, M_L≥4.0 earthquakes from 1945 to 1971 that have Caltech catalog locations near the 1987 sequence are relocated. It is found that none of the relocated earthquakes occur on the southern segment of the Superstition Hills fault and many occur at the intersection of the Superstition Hills and Elmore Ranch faults. Also, some other northeast-striking faults may have been active during that time.

Chapter 3 discusses the Superstition Hills earthquake sequence using data from the Caltech-U.S.G.S. southern California seismic array. The earthquakes are relocated and their distribution correlated to the type and arrangement of the basement rocks. The larger earthquakes occur only where continental crystalline basement rocks are present. The northern segment of the Superstition Hills fault has more aftershocks than the southern segment.

An inversion of long period teleseismic data of the second mainshock of the 1987 sequence, along the Superstition Hills fault, is done in Chapter 4. Most of the long period seismic energy seen teleseismically is radiated from the southern segment of the Superstition Hills fault. The fault dip is near vertical along the northern segment of the fault and steeply southwest dipping along the southern segment of the fault.

Chapter 5 is a field study of slip and afterslip measurements made along the Superstition Hills fault following the second mainshock. Slip and afterslip measurements were started only two hours after the earthquake. In some locations, afterslip more than doubled the coseismic slip. The northern and southern segments of the Superstition Hills fault differ in the proportion of coseismic and postseismic slip to the total slip.

The northern segment of the Superstition Hills fault had more aftershocks, more historic earthquakes, released less teleseismic energy, and had a smaller proportion of afterslip to total slip than the southern segment. The boundary between the two segments lies at a step in the basement that separates a deeper metasedimentary basement to the south from a shallower crystalline basement to the north.

Part 2 of the thesis deals with the three-dimensional velocity structure of southern California. In Chapter 7, an a priori three-dimensional crustal velocity model is constructed by partitioning southern California into geologic provinces, with each province having a consistent one-dimensional velocity structure. The one-dimensional velocity structures of each region were then assembled into a three-dimensional model. The three-dimension model was calibrated by forward modeling of explosion travel times.

In Chapter 8, the three-dimensional velocity model is used to locate earthquakes. For about 1000 earthquakes relocated in the Los Angeles basin, the three-dimensional model has a variance of the the travel time residuals 47 per cent less than the catalog locations found using a standard one-dimensional velocity model. Other than the 1987 Whittier earthquake sequence, little correspondence is seen between these earthquake locations and elements of a recent structural cross section of the Los Angeles basin. The Whittier sequence involved rupture of a north dipping thrust fault bounded on at least one side by a strike-slip fault. The 1988 Pasadena earthquake was deep left-lateral event on the Raymond fault. The 1989 Montebello earthquake was a thrust event on a structure similar to that on which the Whittier earthquake occurred. The 1989 Malibu earthquake was a thrust or oblique slip event adjacent to the 1979 Malibu earthquake.

At least two of the largest recent thrust earthquakes (San Fernando and Whittier) in the Los Angeles basin have had the extent of their thrust plane ruptures limited by strike-slip faults. This suggests that the buried thrust faults underlying the Los Angeles basin are segmented by strike-slip faults.

Earthquake and explosion travel times are inverted for the three-dimensional velocity structure of southern California in Chapter 9. The inversion reduced the variance of the travel time residuals by 47 per cent compared to the starting model, a reparameterized version of the forward model of Chapter 7. The Los Angeles basin is well resolved, with seismically slow sediments atop a crust of granitic velocities. Moho depth is between 26 and 32 km.

Arte e história do ser: a conferência a origem da obra de arte e a gênese do conceito de história do ser na obra de Martin Heidegger nos anos 1930

O estudo desenvolvido nesta tese teve por intenção investigar a relação entre a questão da arte e a história do ser, tal como esta irá progressivamente se construir na obra de Martin Heidegger, sobretudo a partir de meados da década de 1930. Com isso, pretendeu-se identificar e destacar o papel fundamental que a abordagem desta questão deteve para a chamada viragem (Kehre) e os rumos posteriores da obra deste filósofo, conduzindo seu pensamento para além dos limites da analítica existencial empreendida em Ser e Tempo (1927) e em direção à construção da chamada "história do ser" e à questão do acabamento da metafísica como niilismo, na última fase de seu pensamento e em obras como o Beiträge zur Philosofie (1938). Para tal, partimos da investigação do ensaio A origem da obra de arte, publicado em meados da década de 1930, devido ao caráter central (não apenas em sentido cronológico) que esse texto ocupa para a abordagem do problema, posto nele Heidegger empreender a revisão de conceitos como Zuhandenheit e Vorhandenheit, de modo a assim abrir lugar, em sua ontologia, para este ente que a obra de arte é, com isso permitindo que o acontecimento do ser pudesse vir a ser pensando em novas bases e em perspectiva histórico-hermenêutica.

Cartas enviadas por José María Bengoa a Justo Garate entre 1940 y 1945

10 cartas (mecanografiadas); entre 210x255mm y 210x310mm. [La carta fechada el 10-11-1942 esta incompleta, falta la primera hoja]