432 resultados para Empregos


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O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar questões sociais e econômicas do cotidiano de quatro comunidades quilombola (Cedro, Pedra Preta, Ribeirão Grande e Terra Seca) residentes da Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Quilombos de Barra do Turvo (Vale do Ribeira/SP), e levantar o debate acerca da questão da luta pelo reconhecimento da posse da terra frente à saída dos mais jovens da comunidade para as grandes cidades. Através dos dados coletados por meio de levantamento bibliográfico a respeito do tema e entrevistas semiestruturadas com representantes das famílias das quatro comunidades, foi possível discorrer a respeito da problemática da saída dos jovens, que afeta diretamente o futuro dessas comunidades tradicionais, bem como a sugestão de alternativas que visando geração de renda para essas famílias e a inserção e o futuro estabelecimento desses jovens no cotidiano das comunidades. Os resultados deste trabalho mostram que esses quilombolas, bem como seus antepassados, formam comunidades essencialmente rurais e agrícolas, com dinâmica fortemente ligada ao meio natural circundante. Quanto às suas práticas agrícolas, as famílias se dividem em dois grupos: os praticantes da agricultura tradicional, também chamada de “coivara”, e a agroecologia, com Sistemas Agroflorestais bem estabelecidos, onde os agricultores são organizados através de uma cooperativa agroflorestal. Essa divisão agrícola, como mostrado na pesquisa, tem reflexo direto na organização social e econômica das comunidades, bem como no processo de preservação do patrimônio cultural desses grupos. A pesquisa apontou ainda para um grande êxodo dos indivíduos mais jovens das quatro comunidades rumo aos grandes centros urbanos, pela falta de interesse destes na cultural local, ou pela busca por empregos regulares, levantando o questionamento sobre a preservação da cultura e do território quilombola de Barra do Turvo

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This paper analyzes the transformations in Brazilian society, especially in relations between the fields of work, education and youth. The implementation of a new logic in the process of capital accumulation, changes meant to hit the job market, causing new social issues, especially for youth, which can be translated by rising unemployment and new job settings, thus, have sparked a broad debate around the requirements that the market imposes on that intend to engage in it, relations skills, knowledge and ability to enter the labor market of the population, reissuing the discussion on social inequalities that required the field of alternative public policies to address this situation of exclusion. Turning to the reflection on the process of qualification / training and placing young people in employment relationships, this study aims to address and reflect on educational policies aimed at the inclusion ofyouth in the labor market, as well as analyze the actions of generating jobs and skills for young people between 18 and 29 years to do so, we will examine the National Youth Inclusion Program- PROJOVEM - sponsored by the Federal Governrnent, which aims to expand the service to the youngsters excluded from school and vocational training, allowing young people to be reintegrated into the educational process, receiving social skills training

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Several alloys present the shape memory effect and among them, the equiatomic NiTi alloy, nitinol, is the most important one. It is usually used in several engineering applications and also in biomedical devices, in the fabrication of orthodontic wire, stents and Judet staples. Although a considerable amount of these biomedical devices is utilized in Brazil and a fraction of it is already made here, all nitinol used is bought abroad. Thus, it is important to develop the necessary know-how to fabricate NiTi wire and sheet. It would mean less importation with job creation and wealth generation for the country. In this work nitinol was obtained powder metallurgy from elemental powders of Ti and Ni using uniaxial compression and uniaxial compression followed by isostatic compression. The final densities achieved were determined by the Archimedes method. The precipitation of intermetallic secondary phases was studied and the samples were characterized by metallographic analysis, optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Results indicated that 50 hours sintering route showed a low amount of intermetallics, and no trace of unreacted powder. XRD and metallography at room temperature indicated B19’ as the predominant phase, which corresponds to martensite. Although density results showed little dispersion, the most dense sample was compacted under uniaxial compression and presented 4.8 g/cm3, corresponding to 20.84% porosity. Density variation was considered normal to the measurement process and independent of the compaction mode

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Pós-graduação em Direito - FCHS

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Introduction: Bamboos belong to the family Graminae, Bambusoidae subfamily, represented by about 1,250 species worldwide. Originally employed in construction and power, are currently the subject of investigations related to its therapeutic properties in neoplasms. The main species used for therapeutic purposes based on popular knowledge are: Phyllostachys nigra; Bambusa breiflora; tuldoides Bambusa textilis and Bambusa. The literature on the therapeutic action of bamboo species is scarce, but recent studies report a promising effect in the treatment of cancer and other chronic diseases. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate qualitatively the phytochemical composition of plant extract obtained from the leaves of the bamboo species Bambusa textilis, comparing this composition from vegetable leaves with 18 and 24 months of age. Methodology: After collecting plant leaves with 18 or 24 months, they were identified and submitted to drying and milling. For qualitative analysis of its components were employed methods of macroscopic evaluation (mucilage), method of benzoin (resin), reaction Shinoda (flavonoids), reaction with gelatin solution (tannins), boiling and foaming (saponins) and jobs of reactive Wagner, Bertrand, Dragendorff, Mayer, picric acid and tannic acid (alkaloids) (Biavatti; MILK, 2007). Results: in the youngest leaves were found positive for alkaloids, flavonoids, resins and saponins. In the leaves of the plant with 24 months were found only alkaloids flavonoids and resins. Conclusion: the composition of vegetable substances were found associated with a significant therapeutic potential difference and the phytochemical composition in comparison with plant leaves 18 or 24 months. Additional studies are needed to quantify these components, as well as the clarification of its action in the fight against cancer and chronic diseases.

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Contractors Odebrecht, Camargo Correa and Andrade Gutierrez play an important role in Brazil's economy stressed by the number of jobs they add, capital accumulation and diversification through the acquisition of state firms and assets. Abroad, they rank among the top companies in the industry. Is there a behavioral standard among these firms? How did they grow? Why did they diversify? What triggers them to internationalization and what are the strategies they adopt in the foreign markets? The attempt to shed light on these questions resulted in the observation of patterns inside Brazilian market as they grew and diversified, but such a pattern could not be detected in the internationalization process

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This work aims to present an analysis of the Minha Casa Minha Vida, proposed by Lula's government in 2009, highlighting their main impacts for the country in the period following the international financial crisis of 2008, in addition to demonstrating the perception of different inserted agents in context. We argue that the Program implementation was a strategy for the country to overcome the crisis, moving the economy to stimulate consumption, investment and job creation. This work also analyzes the Lula government, responsible for program implementation, and seeks to show its characteristic points that led to the success of the Minha Casa Minha Vida. Finally, we demonstrate that the 2008 crisis has a side still little explored, that goes beyond the economic data that generated and can be regarded as the mainstream economic thinking crisis

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This monograph will focus on the social policies implemented by the Federal Government during the government of Luis Inácio Lula da Silva. The aim of this study is to analyze the main changes in social inequality indicators in the period 2003 - 2010. In the first chapter, we present some ideas of poverty meaning and its history in Brazil. The second chapter is dedicated to the most important cash transfer program in the history of the country, the Bolsa Familia program, and finally, in Chapter 3, is highlighted as stocks in the labor market also contributed to improve social indicators in Brazil and lift millions out of poverty and extreme poverty, such as increasing the level of formal job creation and the real increase in the minimum wage

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A cultura da cana de açúcar é de relevante importância social e econômica no Estado de São Paulo devido, principalmente à produção de açúcar e biocombustível, movimentando um representativo volume monetário, bem como relevante quantidade de empregos temporários gerados no período de colheita. Analisando a situação, do corte manual versos o corte mecanizado verificamos que ainda é uma atividade frequentemente associada à poluição ambiental pela queima prévia da palha. Neste contexto a mecanização necessariamente deve se dar ao mesmo tempo que a criação de novos postos de trabalho, ou seja, a adoção de novas tecnologias e o estabelecimento de políticas públicas garantidoras do nível de empregos e renda perdidos. Percebe-se necessidade de intervenção governamental no sentido de elaboração de políticas publicas desenvolvidas com apelo regional, a fim de assegurarem meios de sobrevivência. O sistema da cana-de-açúcar é complexo e o objetivo deste trabalho é discutir a recolocação dos cortadores de cana em atividades que lhe proporcionem renda, dignidade e melhor qualidade de vida. Portanto as políticas publicas devem ser planejadas priorizando o desenvolvimento regional tanto na região de destino, quanto nas regiões de origem dos trabalhadores, de forma a diminuir a necessidade de migração, fixando o homem em suas oportunidades assegurando meios de sobrevivência. A iniciativa governamental de qualificação através do PlanSeQ Plano Setorial de Qualificação é muito interessante porém se comparada à necessidade do setor ainda representa pouco pela necessidade da mecanização.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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O estudo da procura por empregos é uma via elucidativa não apenas para descrever as mudanças recentes da organização do mercado de trabalho, mas também para deslindar o modo como os laços sociais operam na sociedade contemporânea: nos permite desvelar a maneira pela qual mobilizam-se relações sociais, revelam-se eficazes os laços sociais, indicando o peso dos mecanismos não mercantis na organização e reprodução da vida social, em geral, e na operação do mercado de trabalho, em particular.