Breve caracterização da situação profissional dos licenciados em ortoprotesia pela ESTeSL entre 2004/2005 e 2012/2013

Introdução – Atualmente, devido à elevada taxa de desemprego e à emigração de jovens licenciados, estes veem a carreira e o futuro profissional comprometidos no seu país de origem. Deste modo, a existência de uma reflexão sobre a sua situação profissional poderá clarificar o futuro dos estudantes e recém-licenciados da área de ortoprotesia. Objetivos – Quantificar a situação profissional dos licenciados em ortoprotesia pela Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa (ESTeSL) e criar uma ferramenta de reflexão sobre as perspetivas profissionais futuras. Metodologia – Estudo quantitativo: aplicação de um questionário fechado online, através da plataforma LimeSurvey® ao universo dos ortoprotésicos licenciados na ESTeSL. Resultados/Discussão – A maioria dos licenciados é jovem e do sexo feminino e uma minoria possui ou está em formação pós graduada (17%). Dos inquiridos, a maioria encontra-se empregada na área da ortoprotesia (78,3%) e a taxa de desemprego situa-se em 8,7%. Constata-se uma mobilidade geográfica para o distrito de Lisboa, quer para estudos como posteriormente para o local de emprego. Conclusão – A elevada taxa de desemprego verificada nos jovens licenciados em Portugal não parece ter um impacto direto na população analisada, uma vez que a taxa de desemprego obtida e a duração da procura do primeiro emprego obtidas são ambas reduzidas; contudo a, taxa de desemprego é semelhante à de outros cursos das tecnologias da saúde. Registe-se a carência de investimento em formação pós-graduada ou de complementos de formação após a licenciatura.

Análise do desempenho térmico de construções: projeto e soluções alternativas

O presente Relatório de Estágio representa o último passo para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil – Ramo de Construções, lecionado no Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP). Este relatório refere-se ao trabalho desenvolvido em estágio na entidade acolhedora Concexec – Arquitetura, Lda., através da elaboração e desenvolvimento dos projetos de térmica de edifícios referentes a duas moradias unifamiliares. Os referidos projetos foram elaborados em colaboração com a entidade patronal do estágio, precedidos de visitas aos locais das respetivas obras e análise dos respetivos projetos de especialidades considerados relevantes. Numa primeira parte do relatório está descrita a realidade da situação energética atual em Portugal, sucedida da referência e descrição de soluções construtivas disponíveis no mercado nacional que visam a melhoria da eficiência energética em edifícios de habitação. Numa segunda parte do relatório encontram-se descritos, de uma forma detalhada, os projetos de térmica de edifícios referidos e respetivas soluções alternativas, sucedidos de uma análise energética e económica que permita deduzir qual a melhor solução a ser aplicada mediante o caso. Os resultados obtidos cumpriram com todos os requisitos regulamentares estabelecidos, permitindo obter conclusões adequadas ao âmbito do presente Relatório de Estágio, cumprindo, desta forma, os objetivos que lhe foram estabelecidos. No final estão descritas as conclusões que foram obtidas durante todo o processo de pesquisa e desenvolvimento do estágio realizado.

Crystallographic studies on two hyperthermophilic enzymes

Dissertation presented to obtain the Ph.D degree in Biochemistry

Adhesive selection for single lap bonded joints: Experimentation and advanced techniques for strength prediction

The integrity of multi-component structures is usually determined by their unions. Adhesive-bonding is often used over traditional methods because of the reduction of stress concentrations, reduced weight penalty, and easy manufacturing. Commercial adhesives range from strong and brittle (e.g., Araldite® AV138) to less strong and ductile (e.g., Araldite® 2015). A new family of polyurethane adhesives combines high strength and ductility (e.g., Sikaforce® 7888). In this work, the performance of the three above-mentioned adhesives was tested in single lap joints with varying values of overlap length (LO). The experimental work carried out is accompanied by a detailed numerical analysis by finite elements, either based on cohesive zone models (CZM) or the extended finite element method (XFEM). This procedure enabled detailing the performance of these predictive techniques applied to bonded joints. Moreover, it was possible to evaluate which family of adhesives is more suited for each joint geometry. CZM revealed to be highly accurate, except for largely ductile adhesives, although this could be circumvented with a different cohesive law. XFEM is not the most suited technique for mixed-mode damage growth, but a rough prediction was achieved.

Sistema financeiro e crescimento económico

Os resultados que a atual crise, iniciada em 2008, de cariz inicialmente financeira mas que teve, e tem, importantes repercursões na economia real a nivel mundial, tornaram protagonista a discussão sobre a possível relação entre o Sistema Financeiro e o Crescimento Económico. Os varios países afetados, em particular os países da União Europeia, têm reunido esforços para reformular as políticas económicas e financeiras como forma de recuperar as economias e evitar futuras crises. Os custos e efeitos da crise fizeram emergir vários estudos que põem em causa a correlação assumida como sempre positiva entre o desenvolvimento da vertente financeira e o crescimento da economia real que até aqui era tida como certa. O principal objetivo desta dissertação é analisar a forma como o rápido crescimento e uma sobredimensão do Setor Financeiro, motivado essencialmente pela desrugulação financeira e pelo boom financeiro registado a partir dos anos 90, podem influenciar o crescimento da economia real, fazendo emergir a tese da existência de um limiar a partir do qual o efeito das finanças no crescimento económico pode ser perverso. A literatura sobre a relação entre o Sistema Financeiro e o Crescimento Económico não é unívoca quanto ao sinal entre as duas vertentes, hevendo uma leitura recente em que a taxa de crescimento e a excessiva dimensão financeira, desviando demasiados recursos dos outros setores da economia, podem ser um entrave à sustentação do crescimento da economia real. Tentando confirmar ou infirmar a existência de um limiar de crescimento da economia real decorrente da vertente financeira (transmitido, sobretudo, pelo crédito ao setor privado e pelo emprego financeiro), foi feita uma análise econométrica, com dados em painel com base nos países da União Europeia no período de 1990 a 2010. Os resultados obtidos apontam para a confirmação da hipótese da existência de um limiar de crescimento, em particular a relação “parabólica” existente entre o Financiamento e o Crescimento. Adicionalmente, o estudo revela uma influência negativa dos gastos públicos sobre o crescimento.

O contrato psicológico na expatriação

Nos últimos anos, o número de expatriados tem apresentado uma tendência de crescimento a nível mundial. Desta forma, a gestão de expatriados, que integra o subsistema da gestão internacional de recursos humanos, passa a ter uma atenção renovada e tem vindo a crescer enquanto área de intervenção de gestão de recursos humanos. Por sua vez, o contrato psicológico tem sido visto, cada vez mais, como um fator relevante na explicação das relações laborais e o número de estudos em torno desta temática tem aumentado. O sucesso da expatriação é diretamente influenciado pelo contrato psicológico e depende, em grande parte, da forma como são desenvolvidas as práticas de GRH (Homem & Tolfo, 2008). Desta forma, é essencial compreender a reação dos trabalhadores perante a mudança (Bligh & Carsten, 2005; Shield, Thorpe, & Nelson, 2002), uma vez que o comportamento de resposta aos mesmos pode ser um contributo para marcar a diferença decisiva entre o sucesso ou o fracasso da missão internacional. Neste mesmo contexto, assiste-se a uma crescente atenção sobre o contributo que o Contrato Psicológico pode ter em contextos de incerteza. O individuo, enquanto trabalhador de uma organização que decide aceitar uma missão internacional e ir viver para outro país, tem necessidade de se enquadrar num relacionamento contínuo e motivador com a entidade empregadora. A noção do contrato psicológico torna-se fundamental para o entendimento das relações de trabalho, a partir das perceções das pessoas envolvidas. Muitos dos aspetos destes relacionamentos são implícitos (não escritos) o que pode provocar diferentes interpretações sobre as expectativas, promessas e obrigações entre partes. Vários autores defendem que o contrato psicológico é um meio fundamental na compreensão e gestão das atitudes e comportamentos dos indivíduos nas organizações (Bunderson, 2001; Kraimer, Wayne, Liden, & Sparrow, 2005; Lemire & Rouillard, 2005). O objetivo deste trabalho é conhecer o estado do contrato psicológico nos expatriados: antes da missão, após a fase de adaptação ao país de destino e na repatriação. Foi utilizada a metodologia qualitativa e para tal, foi aplicada uma entrevista individual semiestruturada e um questionário sociográfico às pessoas que se encontravam, à data, expatriadas. No total foram realizadas dez entrevistas e a análise das entrevistas foi efetuada através da Grounded Theory. Os resultados sugerem que há apenas cumprimento do contrato psicológico na fase da preparação da missão internacional, havendo, por outro lado, incumprimento do contrato psicológico durante a expatriação e na repatriação, de acordo com a perceção que os expatriados têm acerca do fim da expatriação. No entanto, a maioria dos expatriados entrevistados avalia positivamente a experiência da expatriação, apesar de as organizações parecerem ter apenas algumas regras estabelecidas de suporte ao expatriado, nomeadamente suporte logístico e financeiro, e não disporem de um programa completo e aprofundado de suporte à gestão da expatriação. Os resultados sugerem ainda que é essencial que as organizações estimulem a comunicação com os expatriados e fomentem o suporte que deve ser constante e intrínseco a todas as fases da expatriação, a fim de evitar a sensação de “abandono”.

Strength and damage analysis of composite-aluminium adhesively-bonded single-lap joints

With the need to find an alternative way to mechanical and welding joints, and at the same time to overcome some limitations linked to these traditional techniques, adhesive bonds can be used. Adhesive bonding is a permanent joining process that uses an adhesive to bond the components of a structure. Composite materials reinforced with fibres are becoming increasingly popular in many applications as a result of a number of competitive advantages. In the manufacture of composite structures, although the fabrication techniques reduce to the minimum by means of advanced manufacturing techniques, the use of connections is still required due to the typical size limitations and design, technological and logistical aspects. Moreover, it is known that in many high performance structures, unions between composite materials with other light metals such as aluminium are required, for purposes of structural optimization. This work deals with the experimental and numerical study of single lap joints (SLJ), bonded with a brittle (Nagase Chemtex Denatite XNRH6823) and a ductile adhesive (Nagase Chemtex Denatite XNR6852). These are applied to hybrid joints between aluminium (AL6082-T651) and carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP; Texipreg HS 160 RM) adherends in joints with different overlap lengths (LO) under a tensile loading. The Finite Element (FE) Method is used to perform detailed stress and damage analyses allowing to explain the joints’ behaviour and the use of cohesive zone models (CZM) enables predicting the joint strength and creating a simple and rapid design methodology. The use of numerical methods to simulate the behaviour of the joints can lead to savings of time and resources by optimizing the geometry and material parameters of the joints. The joints’ strength and failure modes were highly dependent on the adhesive, and this behaviour was successfully modelled numerically. Using a brittle adhesive resulted in a negligible maximum load (Pm) improvement with LO. The joints bonded with the ductile adhesive showed a nearly linear improvement of Pm with LO.

How do wages react to the business cycle? A microeconometric approach

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Economics from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics

Proxy statement proposals after the 2008 financial crash

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Finance from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics

What hides behind the fixed-term contracts wage gap?

In Portugal, about 20% of full-time workers are employed under a fixed-term contract. Using a rich longitudinal matched employer-employee dataset for Portugal, with more than 20 million observations and covering the 2002-2012 period, we confirm the common idea that fixed-term contracts are not desirable when compared to permanent ones, by estimating a conditional wage gap of -1.7 log points. Then, we evaluate the sources of that wage penalty by combining a three way high-dimensional fixed effects model with the decomposition of Gelbach (2014), in which the three dimensions considered are the worker’s unobserved ability, the firm’s compensation wage policy and the job title effect. It is shown that the average worker with a fixed-term contract is less productive than his/her permanent counterparts, explaining -3.92 log points of the FTC wage penalty. Additionally, the sorting of workers into lower-paid job titles is also responsible for -0.59 log points of the wage gap. Surprisingly, we found that the allocation of workers among firms mitigates the existing wage penalty (in 4.23 log points), as fixed-term workers are concentrated into firms with a more generous compensation policy. Finally, following Figueiredo et al. (2014), we further control for the worker-firm match characteristics and reach the conclusion that fixed-term employment relationships have an overrepresentation of low quality worker-firm matches, explaining 0.65 log points of the FTC wage penalty.

Relatório de estágio na Caixa Geral de Depósitos

This report will describe the activities undertaken during my internship at the Personnel Department (DPE-UPE4.1) in Caixa Geral de Depósitos (CGD), Lisbon, between September 22, 2014, and February 28, 2015. I consider that it is important to note from the outset i) that the subject of my training was suggested by my supervisor in the DPE and accepted by me; and ii) that the internship consisted essentially of carrying out research and information gathering into the different social systems that coexist within the bank and the application of each legal system in solving concrete situations of the CGD employees. The research and analysis of information was important not only for my study but for the CGD itself, as it enables the department to have such an important matter, full of specific characteristics, condensed into a single document, i.e. this report. This is a complex reality. The various welfare systems differ according to the contractual agreement linking the employee to the employer at the date when the labour contract is signed, and also the unique/singular characteristics of the CGD. In the early stage I started by trying to understand the financial institution and its organization and role and the department where I worked. So I analyzed the CGD Statutes and the legal measures that crystallized the scheme for its employees and I also researched its domestic and international operations. The first month was devoted to the research and analysis of such legislation to understand the creation of the CGD and its path to date. In the second and third months I studied the legal social systems that are applied to different groups of CGD workers. This period was quite important to identify and understand the differences between those regimes of CGD employees as well as the procedure inherent in each case. I highlighted the non-implementation of “the social protection regime of convergence” to the workers of this institution; the differences regarding the allocation of sickness subsidies paid to workers who belong to Social Security and CGA contributors, as well as the enforcement of internal rules to all the workers when a work-related accident happens. Then I focused on to assessing and examining external legislation and several internal regulations in order to obtain solutions to questions raised and situations involving by the workers, in order to understand how the DPE solves these situations. Over the last three months of internship, after this more theoretical work, I began the analysis of concrete situations involving employees carrying out their duties in Portugal and abroad. Some of these situations had been received by the department before the beginning of my internship and others over this period. When I was “working” in the DPE I analyzed “cases” that had been solved and some others without a final solution because they were still in courts. As for the last ones (new cases) I was able to follow their assessment and sometimes their outcome. Some of them became study cases for me. Over these five months of my internship, several cases were analyzed and discussed by legal experts of DPE in which I could participate. I always worked hard. I know that this action contributed to elucidate me about the treatment of the issues, and allowed me to have a direct contact with some workers and be part of a dynamic work team. For these reasons, my internship report is not merely descriptive of activities. It consists of an analysis of rules (legislation) and a regulatory framework of activities and it is also a description of several specific situations solved or in a solution process. Through this work I intend to make known the particular reality of a modern Portuguese financial institution not only because of its importance in our country but also such a large number of employees work here (in Portugal and abroad). I should add that throughout my internship I was allowed to attend conferences, within the scope of the bank in order to get a broader view of some issues related to the daily life of the DPE and the CGD. So, I participated in I Jornadas Bancárias and the Conferência Internacional do Contrato a Termo, given that the CGD is a bank and the DPE deals with legal and labour relations.

Proxy statement proposals after the 2008 financial crash

In traumatic financial times, both shareholders and the media promptly blame companies for lack of decent corporate governance mechanisms. Proxy statement proposals have increasingly been used by the more active shareholders as to vindicate managers to correct anomalies and restore financial markets’ confidence. I examine the proposals of the largest companies in the S&P 500 index after the Lehmann Brothers crash and their effect on stock prices. Proposals initiated by shareholders negatively impact the company’s stock price, particularly if the proposers are unions, pension funds and institutional investors. Also, I find corporate governance proposals to harm firm’s market performance, unlike compensation and social policy proposals whose effects are intangible. The exception to these disappointing attempts to improve companies’ conduct relies on proposals shared by several investors.

The role of individual ability and structural embeddedness on entrepreneurial success

In the present thesis I analyse the roles of individual ability and structural embeddedness on entrepreneurial success. The results retrieved from a matched employer-employee longitudinal data set show prior worker productivities and environmental embeddedness to have a persistent positive impact on the size and growth rates of new firms. What is more, embeddedness facilitates the impact of ability on start-up performance with outsiders of comparable abilities starting smaller and slower growing firms. Those in higher ability categories are more likely to transfer and also, albeit to a lesser extent, close their ventures, an effect attributed to the higher opportunity costs associated with the group. Firms managed by embedded agents enjoy longer longevities and have better chances of finding a new owner after the departure of the previous one. Finally, higher ability types show evidence of specialisation in serial entrepreneurship.

A possibilidade de utilização das publicações nas redes sociais como prova nos procedimentos disciplinares e despedimento dos trabalhadores

In these days, Internet and social media represent a big advance in communication. Using the internet brings people a lot of benefits and facilities, but with them comes risks and problems that are turning the line between public and private life smaller. The frequent use of internet and the unbridled use of it we see nowadays on its utilization brings problems related to people privacy, and the dividing line between private and public life is becoming more blurred and admitting the employer intromission on employee’s private life. So, it assumes the largest importance understand in which way this employee’s on exposure on social media brings problems and risks to employment relationship and establish some criteria in order to decide what needs legal protection. But should we affirm that protection when the employee’s publications on social media brings problems to the employer or the company? We think, in these cases, and considering some facts, employee’s private life should cede before the employer’s rights.

Relatório de estágio na Caixa Geral de Depósitos

This report will describe the activities undertaken during my internship at the Personnel Department (DPE-UPE4.1) in Caixa Geral de Depósitos (CGD), Lisbon, between September 22, 2014, and February 28, 2015. I consider that it is important to note from the outset i) that the subject of my training was suggested by my supervisor in the DPE and accepted by me; and ii) that the internship consisted essentially of carrying out research and information gathering into the different social systems that coexist within the bank and the application of each legal system in solving concrete situations of the CGD employees. The research and analysis of information was important not only for my study but for the CGD itself, as it enables the department to have such an important matter, full of specific characteristics, condensed into a single document, i.e. this report. This is a complex reality. The various welfare systems differ according to the contractual agreement linking the employee to the employer at the date when the labour contract is signed, and also the unique/singular characteristics of the CGD. In the early stage I started by trying to understand the financial institution and its organization and role and the department where I worked. So I analyzed the CGD Statutes and the legal measures that crystallized the scheme for its employees and I also researched its domestic and international operations. The first month was devoted to the research and analysis of such legislation to understand the creation of the CGD and its path to date. In the second and third months I studied the legal social systems that are applied to different groups of CGD workers. This period was quite important to identify and understand the differences between those regimes of CGD employees as well as the procedure inherent in each case. I highlighted the non-implementation of “the social protection regime of convergence” to the workers of this institution; the differences regarding the allocation of sickness subsidies paid to workers who belong to Social Security and CGA contributors, as well as the enforcement of internal rules to all the workers when a work-related accident happens.Then I focused on to assessing and examining external legislation and several internal regulations in order to obtain solutions to questions raised and situations involving by the workers, in order to understand how the DPE solves these situations. Over the last three months of internship, after this more theoretical work, I began the analysis of concrete situations involving employees carrying out their duties in Portugal and abroad. Some of these situations had been received by the department before the beginning of my internship and others over this period. When I was “working” in the DPE I analyzed “cases” that had been solved and some others without a final solution because they were still in courts. As for the last ones (new cases) I was able to follow their assessment and sometimes their outcome. Some of them became study cases for me. Over these five months of my internship, several cases were analyzed and discussed by legal experts of DPE in which I could participate. I always worked hard. I know that this action contributed to elucidate me about the treatment of the issues, and allowed me to have a direct contact with some workers and be part of a dynamic work team. For these reasons, my internship report is not merely descriptive of activities. It consists of an analysis of rules (legislation) and a regulatory framework of activities and it is also a description of several specific situations solved or in a solution process. Through this work I intend to make known the particular reality of a modern Portuguese financial institution not only because of its importance in our country but also such a large number of employees work here (in Portugal and abroad). I should add that throughout my internship I was allowed to attend conferences, within the scope of the bank in order to get a broader view of some issues related to the daily life of the DPE and the CGD. So, I participated in I Jornadas Bancárias and the Conferência Internacional do Contrato a Termo, given that the CGD is a bank and the DPE deals with legal and labour relations.