Expert survey on priorities for the information society in the Caribbean

An on-line survey of experts was conducted to solicit their views on policy priorities in the area of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the Caribbean. The experts considered the goal to “promote teacher training in the use of ICTs in the classroom” to be the highest priority, followed by goals to “reduce the cost of broadband services” and “promote the use of ICT in emergency and disaster prevention, preparedness and response.” Goals in the areas of cybercrime, e-commerce, egovernment, universal service funds, consumer protection, and on-line privacy rounded out the top 10. Some of the lowest ranked goals were those related to coordinating the management of infrastructure changes. These included the switchover for digital terrestrial television (DTT) and digital FM radio, cloud computing for government ICT, the introduction of satellite-based internet services, and the installation of content distribution networks (CDNs). Initiatives aimed at using ICT to promote specific industries, or specific means of promoting the digital economy, tended toward the centre of the rankings. Thus, a general pattern emerged which elevated the importance of focusing on how ICT is integrated into the broader society, with economic issues a lower priority, and concerns about coordination on infrastructure issues lower still.

A COMUNICAÇÃO PODE SALVAR VIDAS: ALERTAS ANTECIPADOS DE EMERGÊNCIAS CLIMÁTICAS PELA TELEVISÃO DIGITAL INTERATIVA BRASILEIRA

Alertas Antecipados de Emergência são elementos importantes na redução de riscos de desastres, evitando a perda de vidas e reduzindo seu impacto econômico e material. Dentre os meios de comunicação mais eficazes para geração de alertas antecipados, a televisão digital com sua capacidade de emissão de um para muitos e ainda com suas possibilidades de gerar informações reativas com dados enviados pelo mesmo sinal de TV é, no momento, o estado da arte para ajudar a população em situações de risco, comprovado através de estudos comparativos entre os sistemas de alerta de emergência existentes hoje em todo o mundo. Neste trabalho são comparados os sistemas japonês e norte-americano, sendo que os referenciais teóricos apresentados focalizam o processo comunicacional de uma informação de emergência, a partir de diversas teorias que fundamentam o processo de comunicação em situações de crise, com os quais chegou-se à conclusão de que a tecnologia de televisão Digital Brasileira, juntamente com a infraestrutura essencial para detecção de riscos e confiabilidade para a geração de alertas antecipados já existente, dispõe de todo o ferramental necessário para a criação de um sistema nacional. Por fim são apresentadas as indicações iniciais para a criação de um modelo para uma comunicação eficaz e efetiva de informações de emergência destinado à população brasileira.

Entre rios e ruas: água, açude e tragédia em uma cidade do agreste potiguar (Santa Cruz, 1º de abril de 1981)

On the evening of April 1, 1981, the city of Santa Cruz was taken by a flood that destroyed the spillway weir Santa Cruz and much of the city, causing the population of the lower areas to abandon their homes. Residences and closest to the dam, the river and the creek Trairi Sin streets were totally affected, and many of the houses and public buildings completely destroyed. Located in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, the city of Santa Cruz is marked by a very hot climate and semi-arid. With an average normal rainfall of 498.7 mm per year, the city is affected by drought since the beginning of its foundation, around the year 1831. For its development had continued, it was necessary that the population actualize various environmental interventions Nature, especially as regards the storage and distribution of water. Considering the process of occupying the space in question, as well as the relationships that human groups have with the natural environment, we aim to analyze how human interventions affect the environment around them, modifying it to meet their needs and interests. Thus, we intend to understand how media coverage enabled the construction of a framework of tragedy. We intend to observe how the occupation of Santa Cruz led to the modification of their surroundings, trying to discuss the effects of human intervention on natural disasters. Among the research sources include newspapers A República, Diário de Natal, Tribuna do Norte, O Poti and Folha de São Paulo, as well as interviews with the then mayor of Santa Cruz, Hildebrando Teixeira de Souza, and with the couple José Henrique de Pontes and Severina Aguida de Pontes, whose house was hit by the flood. We will also take messages from the state government, the minutes of the city council of Santa Cruz and reports produced by DNOCS on the construction of the weir and its survey after the flood.

Vulnerabilidade socioambiental no bairro de Mãe Luíza, Natal – RN/Brasil

This work has as object the elaboration of social environmental indicator of disaster risk that are present in precarious areas of human occupation, related to intense environmental dynamic from the perspective of the studies about the subject in Geography. The District of Mãe Luiza in Natal, capital city of Rio Grande do Norte, was defined as the study area. The place was chosen because it presents –historically- several vulnerability conditions and exposure to disaster risk. After a local social environmental description, two indexes were elaborated: the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI or IVS in Portuguese), based on 17 (seventeen) variables arranged on a questionnaire addressed to the population nucleus of the district, on regular grid (systematic sampling), classified into 5 (five) levels of SV from the weighted average; and the Physical and Natural Exposure to the Mass Movements Index (EMMI or IEMM in Portuguese) which had 16 (sixteen) variables that feature conditions of exposure to the mass movements in the district with classified levels from the weighted average of 1 (one) to 5 (five). The relationship between these two results, specialized in the district map, produced the Social Environmental Vulnerability Index (SEVI or IVSA in Portuguese) of Mãe Luiza, also classified into 5 (five) levels, following the Boolean logic correlation for cartographic overlay with use of computer software ArcGIS v.9.3, being named as: Very Low; low; average; high; and Very High Environmental Vulnerability in District. The study is based on the methodology proposed by Guerra et al (2009) for EMMI and by Almeida (2010) for SVI. They were modified and adapted according to the local reality, producing a new methodology in this study area. It was concluded that the neighborhood has most of its area with High and Very High Socio-environmental vulnerability to disasters, defined seven (7) critical areas, with Very High IVSA, and hazards associated with mass movements or flooding. In the end, the main issues that were found, such as generating elements for proposing mitigation measures and/or the proposed interventions were enumerated, related to structural order of vulnerability factors: how low constructive pattern of households; poor urban drainage; Real Estate forsaken in landslide routes; infrastructure ready access roads and slope containment. And social: as a lack of education about environmental risk; income and education of residents; presence of persons with limited mobility and/or those with special needs. This reality highlights the need for urgent action applied to the resolution and/or reduction of these problems, which is focusing the end of this work.

Trastorno de estrés postraumático y crecimiento postraumático en niños y adolescentes afectados por el terremoto del año 2016 en Chile

Se estima que los niños y adolescentes se encuentran entre las personas más vulnerables a los efectos negativos de los desastres naturales. Los estudios de seguimiento de cohortes muestran que entre el 25% y el 60% de los niños ha sufrido un evento traumático significativo antes de llegar a la adultez. Siendo una de las mayores consecuencias, la sintomatología de Trastorno de Estrés postraumático (TEPT), (Osofsky et al., 2009; Yelland et al., 2010). Otra de las respuestas que puede surgir frente a la adversidad, es el Crecimiento Postraumático (CPT), el cual alude a un cambio positivo como resultado de un proceso de lucha a partir de un suceso traumático (Calhoun & Tedeschi, 1999; Cryder et al., 2006; Kilmer, 2009). Este estudio examina la sintomatología de Trastorno de Estrés Postraumático y Crecimiento Postraumático en niños y adolescentes expuestos a un terremoto (uno de los diez más grandes del mundo) y tsunami ocurrido en Chile el año 2010, respecto a un grupo de comparación, 12 meses y 24 meses después del desastre...

Estrategias resilientes ante la situación adversa de los desahucios

Los desahucios en España se han convertido en los últimos años en un fenómeno social emergente, de interés tanto para la investigación como para la intervención de los profesionales de la acción social. Aun así, no existen estudios suficientes relacionados con esta situación adversa, y menos aún centrados en las respuestas resilientes que las personas son capaces de ofrecer ante ella. Con el objetivo de identificar los factores internos y externos que se presentan en la experiencia de las familias que viven procesos de desahucios y que les están permitiendo desarrollar estrategias resilientes ante dicha adversidad, se lleva a cabo la presente investigación en la que participan 20 sujetos, pertenecientes a familias que acuden a la Plataforma de Afectados por las Hipotecas (PAH) de Málaga. A los participantes se les realiza una entrevista semi-estructurada y a través de ellas se han podido definir las características socio-familiares de las personas afectadas, las diferentes estrategias de afrontamiento desarrolladas, las principales fuentes de apoyo con las que han contado, así como las preocupaciones que les han acompañado. Los resultados muestran los principales factores internos y externos que están presenten en las estrategias resilientes que han desarrollado las familias afectadas por los desahucios durante el proceso vivido y destacan como fuente de apoyo informacional a la PAH. Se concluye con la necesidad de continuar con esta línea de investigación para tratar de diseñar intervenciones que refuercen y fomenten las estrategias de afrontamiento ante la situación adversa del desahucio.

Análisis de la situación actual de los planes de autoprotección de las UCI canarias: percepción de los conocimientos y actitudes del personal

Programa de doctorado: Avances en Medicina Interna. La fecha de publicación es la fecha de lectura

Volatilidade dos retornos e governança: um estudo de eventos da crise do subprime

The financial crisis that occurred between the years 2007 and 2008, known as the subprime crisis, has highlighted the governance of companies in Brazil and worldwide. To monitor the financial risk, quantitative tools of risk management were created in the 1990s, after several financial disasters. The market turmoil has also led companies to invest in the development and use of information, which are applied as tools to support process control and decision making. Numerous empirical studies on informational efficiency of the market have been made inside and outside Brazil, revealing whether the prices reflect the information available instantly. The creation of different levels of corporate governance on BOVESPA, in 2000, made the firms had greater impairment in relation to its shareholders with greater transparency in their information. The purpose of this study is to analyze how the subprime financial crisis has affected, between January 2007 and December 2009, the volatility of stock returns in the BM&BOVESPA of companies with greater liquidity at different levels of corporate governance. From studies of time series and through the studies of events, econometric tests were performed by the EVIEWS, and through the results obtained it became evident that the adoption of good practices of corporate governance affect the volatility of returns of companies

Gestão de conflitos de poder nas relações intersetoriais em território minerador

Pautado pelos conceitos de “conflito” e “poder”, este estudo tem por objetivo analisar a percepção dos atores relativa aos conflitos de poder e à sua gestão pelas partes da relação intersetorial, no contexto da implantação de um projeto minerador de grande porte no município de Morro do Pilar, Minas Gerais, Brasil. A proposta é apresentar estratégias de gestão construtiva de conflitos que respondam aos interesses das partes envolvidas – Estado, empresa e sociedade civil, de forma a alcançar o equilíbrio de interesses necessário ao desenvolvimento sustentável do território. Para tal, a presente pesquisa, inserida na vertente qualitativa e de perfil descritivo e exploratório, valeu-se do método de estudo de caso para avaliar os conflitos de poder envolvendo o processo de intersetorialidade objeto deste estudo, visando sua gestão construtiva. Ao seu término, verificou-se que os projetos desenvolvimentistas mostram-se prejudiciais nos planos socioeconômico, ambiental e institucional, produzindo uma miríade de conflitos de relacionamento entre os setores envolvidos, por afetar de forma negativa a vida da população, interferindo nas condições de reprodução e permanência. Consequentemente, conclui-se pela premência de se repensar os processos de sofrimento social desencadeados pelos modelos adotados, principalmente por governos e empresas, provocando desastres ambientais oriundos da má gestão dos conflitos de poder, para que se compreenda como eles afetam a vida das pessoas reais que fazem história em condições que não escolheram.

Editorial

Este ejemplar del Boletín Bibliotecas presenta algunos aportes resultados de la investigación, inquietudes y aspectos, considerandos de interés y porque no, preocupación en temas como usuarios, servicios, calidad y vulnerabilidad a la que estamos expuestos ante desastres.

El gigantesco león se vino al suelo, escenas para nunca olvidar : tiembla en México

Fondo Margaritainés Restrepo

México se está vaciando : tiembla en México

Fondo Margaritainés Restrepo

Los perros de la esperanza, canes de diferentes razas y nacionalidades refuerzan las labores de rescate : después del terremoto

Fondo Margaritainés Restrepo

México empieza a caminar : después del terremoto

Fondo Margaritainés Restrepo

Los mariachis callaron, en Garibaldi, Alfredo está de guitarra caída : después del terremoto

Fondo Margaritainés Restrepo