The importance of quality in the consolidation of textile in Minho

The textile industry has a long tradition in Portugal and it is one of the most important sectors, despite the current economic crisis. It has always assumed a prominent role in terms of employment and a relevant position within the Portuguese economy. The lack of quality and the lower prices that other countries offer causes the loss of clients. Quality is a main tool to survive nowadays in the textile sector. To undertake our analysis, we made use of an existing database where 55 firms belonged to the textile industry, namely to the manufacturing sector. A new survey was created based on the original survey and was sent to 5 firms. Besides the survey, we also sent a few questions to the firms in order to retract more information about the actually situation in our country, concerning the textile industry. Several tables, graphs and pie charts were made to help shed light on our findings. This research was conducted in order to determine the importance of quality in the consolidation of textile firms in the north of Portugal. Most firms in our sample feel that quality improvement, business benefits, mobilizing employees’ knowledge and business image were important and that competition is very intense and is mainly by price and not by differentiation of product or service. The quality program has contributed to improve their competitive position and the improvement of their overall performance. The majority of the firms in our sample undertake TQM measures for quality purposes to meet customer expectations and prevent errors. Of all firms surveyed, the quality is certainly very important for its survival.

Information technology supporting healthcare and social care services

The authors are developing a pilot project for a Municipality in the North of Portugal, envisaging the definition and implementation of an e-marketplace for healthcare and social services, in order to facilitate the interaction between healthcare and social services professionals and people with special needs (or their relatives). Based on the results of a survey on user needs analysis and expectations conducted in 2011, the paper discusses the relevance and interest of such platforms and the main drivers and motivations of the population for using such services, as well as which services would motivate citizens to use the platform. The results of the study will be used to select the products and services perceived to be the most desired by the potential users. The paper thus makes three main contributions: (1) the results of the study confirm the interest and the perceived potential of such a service, from the end-users perspective; (2) the findings support the advantage of expanding this pilot project to a full scale implementation; and (3) the performed analysis improves our understanding of the relations between the characteristics of the inquired population and the perceived interest in such platforms.

Residents’ perceptions on impacts of hosting the “Guimarães 2012 European Capital of Culture”: comparisons of the pre-and post-2012 ECOC

Residents tend to have high expectations about the benefits of hosting a mega‐event. So, it was not surprising that the nomination of Guimarães, Portugal, as the 2012 European Capital of Culture (2012 ECOC) had raised great expectations in the local community towards its socio‐economic and cultural benefits. The present research was designed to examine the Guimarães residents’ perceptions on the impacts of hosting the 2012 ECOC approached in two different time schedules, the pre‐ and the post‐event, trying to capture the evolution of the residents` evaluation of its impacts. For getting the data, two surveys were applied to Guimarães` residents, one in the pre‐event phase, in 2011, and another in the post‐event phase, in 2013. This approach is uncommonly applied to Portugal data and it is even the first time it was done to a Portuguese European Capital of Culture. After a factor analysis, the results of t‐tests indicate that there were significant differences (p<0.05) between the samples from the pre‐ and post‐2012 ECOC on two positive impact factors (Community’ benefits and Residents’ benefits) and one negative impact factor (Economic, social and environmental costs). Respondents also showed a negative perception of the impacts in all dimensions, except Changes in habits of Guimarães residents.

Residents’ perceptions on impacts of hosting the “Guimarães 2012 European Capital of Culture”: comparisons of the pre-and post-2012 ECOC

The nomination of Guimarães, a small city located in the northwest of Portugal, as European capital of culture (ECOC) in 2012 raised great expectations in the local community towards its socio-economic and cultural benefits. As noted by various authors, namely Kim and Petrick (2005), Kim, Gursoy and Lee (2006) and Gursoy, Chi, Ai and Chen (2011), residents tend to have high expectations about the benefits of hosting a mega-event, although they tend to recognize that some costs will result from it. Therefore, the present research was designed to examine the Guimarães residents’ perceptions on the impacts of the 2012 European capital of culture (2012 ECOC) on the city and the municipality of Guimarães before and after the mega-event and the differences found between the two time periods.

Integration of Standardized Management Systems: A Dilemma?

Abstract: The growing proliferation of management systems standards (MSSs), and their individualized implementation, is a real problem faced by organizations. On the other hand, MSSs are aimed at improving efficiency and effectiveness of organizational responses in order to satisfy the requirements, needs and expectations of the stakeholders. Each organization has its own identity and this is an issue that cannot be neglected; hence, two possible approaches can be attended. First, continue with the implementation of individualized management systems (MSs); or, integrate the several MSSs versus related MSs into an integrated management system (IMS). Therefore, in this context, organizations are faced with a dilemma, as a result of the increasing proliferation and diversity of MSSs. This paper takes into account the knowledge gained through a case study conducted in the context of a Portuguese company and unveils some of the advantages and disadvantages of integration. A methodology is also proposed and presented to support organizations in developing and structuring the integration process of their individualized MSs, and consequently minimize problems that are generators of inefficiencies, value destruction and loss of competitiveness. The obtained results provide relevant information that can support Top Management decision in solving that dilemma and consequently promote a successful integration, including a better control of business risks associated to MSSs requirements and enhancing sustainable performance, considering the context in which organizations operate.

As expetativas das mães face à inclusão de crianças com Trissomia 21 no primeiro ano do ensino básico nas escolas da Região Autónoma da Madeira

Partindo da análise do conceito de inclusão de crianças com Síndrome de Down no primeiro ano do ensino básico nas escolas da Região Autónoma da Madeira, após a intervenção da Equipa de Intervenção Precoce, fazendo referência às expetativas das mães, este estudo aborda os principais fatores que poderão influenciar esta temática. Tem como objetivos analisar as expetativas das mães sobre o processo inclusivo de crianças com Trissomia 21 na transição do pré-escolar para o 1.º ciclo e compreender em que medida a Intervenção Precoce contribui para a existência de expetativas positivas ou negativas face à inclusão dos seus filhos. Ao mesmo tempo procura constatar-se quais as principais preocupações em relação à entrada dos seus filhos no primeiro ciclo. Este trabalho assenta numa abordagem qualitativa: os dados foram recolhidos através da realização de sete entrevistas a mães de crianças com Trissomia 21. Para a análise de informação recolhida, utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo com categorias definidas à posteriori. Concluiu-se que as mães têm expetativas positivas em relação à inclusão dos seus filhos tendo, no entanto, expetativas negativas em relação aos serviços prestados pelas equipas de Intervenção Precoce no que se refere à adequação de serviços, nomeadamente, o tempo destinado ao apoio da Terapia da Fala que foi considerado insuficiente pela maioria das mães. Relativamente à entrada no primeiro ciclo, as principais preocupações prendem-se com a comunicação oral que o(a) seu (sua) filho(a) irá estabelecer com os professores e colegas, com a eventual falta de sensibilização dos docentes face à problemática da T21 e, no que se refere à aprendizagem, as maiores preocupações passam pelo acompanhamento do ritmo de trabalho dos colegas e com a capacidade, ou não, de ler e escrever.

Fads and fashions in management: the case of ERP

This article discusses the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) rage. ERP represents immense investments for companies around the globe and has been promoted as a management panacea. Not surprisingly, many implementations fail to match expectations. In this study, we propose a broader perspective to comprehend the substantive, institutional, and political factors involved in the ERP phenomenon, as an alternative to the "techno-reductionism" that has characterized the prevailing approach on the subject, and present an exploratory survey of 28 implementation experiences, concentrating on the process of adoption, chosen implementation approaches and outcome assessment.

Taking the "cross" out of cross-cultural transfer of management practice

Multi-national enterprises often attempt to replicate successful management practices in "foreign" environments. However, such practices may be ethnocentric because they fit the assumptions, behaviors, expectations, and values of the home cultural environment. Unless the underlying assumptions are shared, transfer to a differing environment may fail. Even if the focus is shifted from cultural differences to implementation, implementation approaches may also be criticized as ethnocentric for the same reasons. In this article, a non-ethnocentric model is expanded and used to test the portability of one management practice, performance appraisal, from the USA to Brazil. This "Test of Portability" may help managers understand which management practices are portable, and, perhaps even more valuable, provide a rationale for adaptation or rejection.

Access to information: assessment of the use of automated interaction technologies in call centers

With the purpose of at lowering costs and reendering the demanded information available to users with no access to the internet, service companies have adopted automated interaction technologies in their call centers, which may or may not meet the expectations of users. Based on different areas of knowledge (man-machine interaction, consumer behavior and use of IT) 13 propositions are raised and a research is carried out in three parts: focus group, field study with users and interviews with experts. Eleven automated service characteristics which support the explanation for user satisfaction are listed, a preferences model is proposed and evidence in favor or against each of the 13 propositions is brought in. With balance scorecard concepts, a managerial assessment model is proposed for the use of automated call center technology. In future works, the propositions may become verifiable hypotheses through conclusive empirical research.

Focusing illusion in satisfaction with life among college students living in Brazil

Literature shows that there are significant associations between health and happiness. Various countries are considering, contemplating or formally incorporating the happiness variable into their public health policies. Moreover, the private sector has shown interest in the topic. Based on that This article examines the biases in the perception of satisfaction with life among young adults in two Brazilian cities. The study explores the associations between aspects of life and perception of happiness because public policies associated with happiness require an improved understanding of the subjectivity of the sense of well-being. A survey conducted among 368 college students enabled analysis through Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) and linear regression. The results suggest that, although there were no significant differences in general satisfaction with life between the two cities, there were indications of focusing illusion in the perception of happiness caused by expectations arising from the feeling of personal insecurity in a metropolis.

INFLUENCE OF MANUFACTURER SIGNATURE ON STORE BRANDS' LOYALTY AND PURCHASE INTENTION

ABSTRACT With today's trend toward higher store concentration, building strong store brands has become a priority for many retailing companies. This study aims to analyze the differences in store brands' purchasing likelihood between store brands with a manufacturer identification - a manufacturer signature - and store brands with no information about the manufacturer, as well as the moderating role of the manufacturer signature on store brands' purchase intention. We carried out multiple group analysis through structural equation modeling. Our findings suggest that store brand image has the most significant influence on loyalty and purchase intention for both types of store brands. Moreover, and contrary to our expectations, we did not find empirical support for the moderating role of manufacturer signature on store brands' purchasing likelihood.

Seeing films: audiences reaction to local cultural products

This paper discusses the results of a large survey conducted in 2006 on the perception Portuguese movies’ audiences have of their own locally produced films. Audience’s reception of locally produced films is marked by the rejection of the consumption of these objects as a result of a bias against locally produced cultural artefacts. The prejudice shaping this relationship, not only demands for new cultural and social politics, but also raises a number of questions on local and European media industry’s ability to cope with its own audiences’ expectations. Finally, broader considerations are made on the different ways contemporary audiences are shaping media technologies, and their respective cultural artefacts, through their own use and reception of those technologies and artefacts.

O trabalho em equipas docentes e o desenvolvimento da Educação Física

RESUMO: O sucesso das respostas aos novos desafios, exigências e expectativas que, nos dias de hoje, recaem sobre a escola, parece depender da concepção das estratégias organizacionais que globalmente a escola define, tendo em conta as características do contexto e das populações que serve. Depende por isso do modo como os actores chave se organizam e trabalham. Os modos de entender o trabalho docente em equipa prenunciam formas de entender a acção educativa e de conduzir a aprendizagem dos alunos. Tomando como ponto de partida as nossas experiências profissionais, este trabalho constitui uma reflexão sobre as possibilidades de desenvolvimento da Educação Física, baseada na escola e sustentada na organização do trabalho dos seus professores. Elaborando uma síntese dos principais problemas do seu desenvolvimento discutem-se as possibilidades e as vantagens da organização do trabalho dos professores em equipas, num contexto organizacional marcado por avanços e retrocessos nos processos de descentralização e atribuição de autonomia às escolas. Enquadra-se a organização do trabalho docente no âmbito das culturas de escola. Revisita-se o conceito de trabalho em equipa, distinguindo-o da simples participação nas estruturas da escola, realçando a sua importância na construção e gestão de conhecimento profissional através do estabelecimento de parcerias sinérgicas, onde o desempenho de papéis de liderança tem uma enorme importância. ABSTRACT: Successful responses to the new challenges, demands and expectations that currently are ascribed to schools seem to depend on the design of organizational strategies that broadly define the school, taking into account the characteristics of its context and the population it serves. Therefore, their success depends on how the key players are organized and work. The ways of perceiving the teaching team work forecast the ways of understanding the educational activity and how to lead learning. Starting from our own professional experience, this study is a reflection on the school based development of physical education, sustained by the organization of their teachers’ work. On organizing a summary of the major problems found in the development of this subject, we discuss the feasibilities and the gains got from the organization of teachers' teamwork, in an organizational context marked by promises and setbacks in the processes of decentralization and schools autonomy. The organization of teaching is to be seen as part of the school culture. We review the concept of teamwork as distinct from mere participation in the structures of the school, and its importance in the construction and management of professional knowledge will be highlighted by the establishment of synergistic partnerships, in which the performance of leadership roles is of the greatest importance. RÉSUMÉ: Le succès des réponses aux nouveaux défis, les exigences et les attentes que dans ces jours, s’accomplissent sur l'école, semble dépendre de la conception des stratégies d'organisation qui définit de façon générale l'école, en tenant compte des caractéristiques du contexte et des populations qu'elle dessert. Tout cela dépend donc de la façon dont les acteurs principaux sont organisés et travaillent. Les façons de comprendre l'équipe pédagogique démontrent des formes de comprendre l'activité éducative et de conduire à l'apprentissage des élèves. En prenant comme point de départ nos expériences professionnelles, ce travail est une réflexion sur le potentiel de développement de l'Éducation Physique, dépendante de l'école et soutenue dans l'organisation du travail de leurs enseignants. En préparant une synthèse des principaux problèmes de leur développement, on discute les possibilités et les avantages de l'organisation du travail des enseignants dans les équipes, dans un contexte organisationnel marqué par des avancées et des reculs dans le processus de décentralisation et l'accomplissement de l'autonomie aux écoles. On encadre l'organisation du travail des enseignants dans le champ des cultures de l’école. On revoit le concept du travail en équipe, en le distinguant de la simple participation dans les structures de l'école, en soulignant son importance dans la construction et gestion des connaissances professionnelles à travers l'établissement de partenariats synergiques, où les rôles de leadership joue un rôle d'une grande importance.

The Sticky Information Macro Model: Beyond Perfect Foresight

Sticky information monetary models have been used in the macroeconomic literature to explain some of the observed features regarding inflation dynamics. In this paper, we explore the consequences of relaxing the rational expectations assumption usually taken in this type of model; in particular, by considering expectations formed through adaptive learning, it is possible to arrive to results other than the trivial convergence to a fixed point long-term equilibrium. The results involve the possibility of endogenous cyclical motion (periodic and a-periodic), which emerges essentially in scenarios of hyperinflation. In low inflation settings, the introduction of learning implies a less severe impact of monetary shocks that, nevertheless, tend to last for additional time periods relative to the pure perfect foresight setup.

Aspectos psicossociais associados à percepção da dor pós-operatória em indivíduos submetidos a cirurgia coronária

Objectivo: Identificar os factores psicossociais que influenciam a percepção da dor pós-operatória em doentes submetidos a cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (CRM). Material e Métodos: Estudo exploratório correlacional de 91 doentes (71 homens e 20 mulheres) submetidos a CRM (pontagem aortocoronária) por esternotomia). A idade média era de 63,8 ± 9,6 anos (entre 39 e 84). Foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: Escala Analógica Visual às 24, 48 e 96 horas do pós-operatório; Questionário de Caracterização Demográfica; Mental Health Inventory de 5 itens; Percepção de Saúde Geral (SF-36); Escala de Expectativas de Dor; Escala de Percepção de Apoio; Escala de Expectativas de Auto-eficácia; Satisfação com o tratamento, médicos e enfermeiros (American Pain Society Questionnaire) aplicados às 96 horas após a cirurgia. Resultados: Os doentes que apresentaram expectativas elevadas de dor, percepcionaram maior apoio, apresentaram níveis elevados de auto-eficácia para lidar com a dor ou, se pertenciam ao sexo masculino, sentiram menos dor. De igual modo, os doentes que apresentaram melhor saúde mental, percepcionaram a sua saúde como boa e os doentes que expressaram maior satisfação com o tratamento sentiram menos dor. A dor não foi influenciada pela idade, grau de escolaridade ou pela satisfação com a conduta de médicos e enfermeiros. Conclusão: Após as primeiras 48 horas do pós-operatório, a experiência de dor é influenciada por factores psicossociais, em oarticular pela expectativa de dor, expectativa de auto-eficácia, apoio percebido, percepção da saúde geral, percepção de saúde mental e satisfação com o tratamento para a dor. Perante os resultados, evidencia-se a necessidade de conjugar conhecimentos no sentido de dar respostas mais alargadas e de carácter multidisciplinar no tratamento da dor pós-operatória em CRM devendo, a par de outros aspectos, focar-se na gestão das expectativas dos doentes. ABSTRACT - Objective: To identify the psychological factors that influence post-surgery pain perception in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Methods: This was an exploratory correlational study of 91 patients (71 men and 20 women) who underwent CABG (aortocoronary anastomosis) by sternotomy. Mean age was 63.8 ± 9.6 years (between 39 and 84). The following instruments were used: visual analogical scales at 24, 48 and 96 hours of post-surgery; demographic characteristics survey; pain expectations scale; perceived support scale; self-efficacy scale, Mental Inventory (5 items); health perception scale; and satisfaction with treatment, doctors and nurses (American Pain Society questionnaire) at 96 hours after surgery. Results: Patients who had presented high expectations of pain, perceived more support, presented high levels of self-efficacy to deal with pain or were male, felt less pain. Furthermore, patients who presented better mental health, perceived their general health as being good, or expressed greater satisfaction with treatment, felt less pain. Pain was not influenced by age, level of education or satisfaction with doctors and nurses. Conclusion: After the first 48 hours following surgery, the pain experience is influenced by psychosocial factors, in particular by expectation of pain and of self-efficacy, perceived support, perception of general and mental health, and satisfaction with pain treatment. The results confirm the need to bring together different kinds of knowledge for a broad, multidisciplinary approach to postoperative CABG pain treatment, focusing, along with other aspects, on management of patients’ expectations.