Comparison of gingival crevicular fluid sampling methods in patients with severe chronic periodontitis

The analysis of samplings from periodontal pockets is important in the diagnosis and therapy of periodontitis. In this study, three different sampling techniques were compared to determine whether one method yielded samples suitable for the reproducible and simultaneous determination of bacterial load, cytokines, neutrophil elastase, and arginine-specific gingipains (Rgps). Rgps are an important virulence factor of Porphyromonas gingivalis, the exact concentration of which in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) has not been quantified.

Effects of implant design on marginal bone changes around early loaded, chemically modified, sandblasted Acid-etched-surfaced implants: a histologic analysis in dogs

A minimal marginal bone loss around implants during early healing has been considered acceptable. However, the preservation of the marginal bone is related to soft tissue stability and esthetics. Implant designs and surfaces were evaluated to determine their impact on the behavior of the crestal bone. The purpose of this study is to evaluate histologic marginal bone level changes around early loaded, chemically modified, sandblasted acid-etched-surfaced implants with a machined collar (MC) or no MC (NMC).

Influence of a machined collar on crestal bone changes around titanium implants: a histometric study in the canine mandible

It has been shown that peri-implant crestal bone reactions are influenced by both a rough-smooth implant border in one-piece, non-submerged, as well as an interface (microgap [MG] between implant/abutment) in two-piece butt-joint, submerged and non-submerged implants being placed at different levels in relation to the crest of the bone. According to standard surgical procedures, the rough-smooth implant border for implants with a smooth collar should be aligned with the crest of the bone exhibiting a smooth collar adjacent to peri-implant soft tissues. No data, however, are available for implants exhibiting a sandblasted, large-grit and acid-etched (SLA) surface all the way to the top of a non-submerged implant. Thus, the purpose of this study is to histometrically examine crestal bone changes around machined versus SLA-surfaced implant collars in a side-by-side comparison.

Expression of the IL-23/Th17 pathway in lesions of hidradenitis suppurativa

Hidradenitis suppurativa is a debilitating chronic disease primarily affecting intertriginous skin of the axillae, perineum, and inframammary regions. The pathogenesis of this inflammatory disease is still poorly understood. Recently, increased attention has been paid to the role of the immune system.

Reproducibility of acute mountain sickness in children and adults: a prospective study

Although a history of previous acute mountain sickness (AMS) is commonly used for providing advice and recommending its prophylaxis during subsequent exposure, the intraindividual reproducibility of AMS during repeated high-altitude exposure has never been examined in a prospective controlled study.

Effect of preventive interventions in mentally ill parents on the mental health of the offspring: systematic review and meta-analysis

Mental illness in parents affects the mental health of their children. A systematic review and a meta-analysis of the effectiveness of interventions to prevent mental disorders or psychological symptoms in the offspring were performed.

Sleep in spousal Alzheimer caregivers: a longitudinal study with a focus on the effects of major patient transitions on sleep

Findings on sleep disturbances in family dementia caregivers are conflicting. We studied the longitudinal effects of dementia caregiving and major transitions in the caregiving situation on caregivers' sleep and the effect of moderating variables.

Impact of sepsis on neurodevelopmental outcome in a Swiss National Cohort of extremely premature infants

Neonatal sepsis causes high mortality and morbidity in preterm infants, but less is known regarding the long-term outcome after sepsis. This study aimed to determine the impact of sepsis on neurodevelopment at 2 years' corrected age in extremely preterm infants.

Sleep disturbance impairs stroke recovery in the rat

There is a lack of experimental evidence to support the hypothesis that sleep may modulate stroke outcome as suggested by clinical observations. We have previously shown that sleep disturbance (SDis) over 3 days aggravates brain damage in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia. The aim of this study is to further investigate effects of SDis on long-term stroke recovery and neuroplasticity as assessed by axonal sprouting, neurogenesis, and angiogenesis.

Clinical and microbiologic results 12 months after scaling and root planing with different irrigation solutions in patients with moderate chronic periodontitis: a pilot randomized trial

The aim of this study is to determine in a randomized trial the impact on treatment outcome after 12 months of different subgingival irrigation solutions during scaling and root planing (SRP).

Enamel matrix protein adsorption to root surfaces in the presence or absence of human blood

Background: The clinical use of an enamel matrix derivative (EMD) has been shown to promote formation of new cementum, periodontal ligament (PDL), and bone and to significantly enhance the clinical outcomes after regenerative periodontal surgery. It is currently unknown to what extent the bleeding during periodontal surgery may compete with EMD adsorption to root surfaces. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of blood interactions on EMD adsorption to root surfaces mimicking various clinical settings and to test their ability to influence human PDL cell attachment and proliferation. Methods: Teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons were subjected to ex vivo scaling and root planing and treated with 24% EDTA, EMD, and/or human blood in six clinically related settings to determine the ability of EMD to adsorb to root surfaces. Surfaces were analyzed for protein adsorption via scanning electron microscopy and immunohistochemical staining with an anti-EMD antibody. Primary human PDL cells were seeded on root surfaces and quantified for cell attachment and cell proliferation. Results: Plasma proteins from blood samples altered the ability of EMD to adsorb to root surfaces on human teeth. Samples coated with EMD lacking blood demonstrated a consistent even layer of EMD adsorption to the root surface. In vitro experiments with PDL cells demonstrated improved cell attachment and proliferation in all samples coated with EMD (irrespective of EDTA) when compared to samples containing human blood. Conclusion: Based on these findings, it is advised to minimize blood interactions during periodontal surgeries to allow better adsorption of EMD to root surfaces.

Variability of growth in children starting antiretroviral treatment in southern Africa

Poor growth is an indication for antiretroviral therapy (ART) and a criterion for treatment failure. We examined variability in growth response to ART in 12 programs in Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, and South Africa.

[First detection of "Candidatus Mycoplasma haemolamae" in South American Camelids of Switzerland and evaluation of prevalence]

Haemotrophic mycoplasmas (also known as haemoplasmas), small bacterias which parasite the surface of erythrocytes, have been described in several species. Recently, molecular methods were developed for the diagnosis of haemoplasma infection. The presented study describes the first detection and the investigation of prevalence of "Candidatus Mycoplasma haemolamae" in South American Camelids in Switzerland. A random sample of the latter population was tested for haemoplasma infections using real-time PCR. The infection was detected in 18.6% of the animals and was found both in indigenous and in imported camelids. Of the tested herds 39,1% harboured at least one animal positive for haemoplasmas in PCR. There was no difference in prevalence between male and female animals and llamas and alpacas, respectively. Furthermore, the prevalence of infection was not significantly different in diseased animals compared to healthy camelids. From the latter observation and the fact that the high prevalence was accompanied by an undetectable incidence, we concluded that the pathogenicity of "Candidatus Mycoplasma haemolamae" may be low.

Functional results and quality of life after retrosigmoid vestibular neurectomy in patients with Menière's disease

Severe Ménière's disease (MD) may be debilitating and compromising, despite intensive medical treatment. Vestibular neurectomy (VN) is considered an effective surgical treatment for disabling MD. Our aim was to analyse the medium- to long-term outcome after retrosigmoid VN with special regard to vertigo, quality of life (American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery criteria), and pure tone average (PTA).

The effect of different pulse durations in the treatment of nail psoriasis with 595-nm pulsed dye laser: a randomized, double-blind, intrapatient left-to-right study

Several studies have proven the efficacy of pulsed dye laser (PDL) in the treatment of plaque type psoriasis. However, only two published studies indicate the effectiveness of PDL on nail psoriasis.