Herra Päätoimittaja Atte Pohjanmaa 29/4 1957

Kirje 29.4.1957

As Demandas Educativa e a Formação Permanente dos Professores Estudo de Caso Escola Secundária «Amor de Deus» ano lectivo 2009/2010

O trabalho intitula-se As Demandas Educativas e a Formação Permanente dos Professores, estudo de caso escola secundária «Amor de Deus» ano lectivo 2009/2010. O trabalho está estruturado em quatro capítulos. No primeiro capítulo, procuramos fazer o enquadramento conceptual e teórico, partindo do conceito da formação permanente dos professores, como sub-capitulos: Conceitualização da temática: Conceito da Formação Permanente/ Contínua, Professor (antigo e actual), Profissão e Profissionalismo, evolução da formação permanente, os modelo de Formação Permanente na perspectiva de diferentes autores e os modelo Racionalista-academicista, Técnico e o modelo Reflexivo. No segundo capítulo, iremos abordar sobre as demandas da formação permanente dos professores na educação actual, os desafios da sociedade actual á Educação, as demandas da Integração dos alunos com Necessidades Educativas Especiais (N.E.E) e os professores na mediação dos conflitos. No terceiro capítulo, faremos uma breve caracterização da escola secundária “Amor de Deus” e também a percepções dos Professores e da Direcção da ESAD (escola secundária «Amor de Deus») sobre a formação permanente dos professores. Este trabalho tem como finalidade de descobrir quais são as perspectivas dos professores em relação à formação contínua. Para atingir este objectivo utilizou-se como metodologia, a consulta bibliográfica e o trabalho do campo.

Distribution de la morphologie des tumeurs incidentes dans le canton de Vaud [Morphologic distribution of tumors occuring in the canton of Vaud].

After a short presentation of the methodological aspects of cancer registration and morphological coding, the results concerning cancer of the upper digestive tract, lung, testis and ovary were discussed. Some distributions of the main histological types are analysed by age, sex, site and multiple primaries. Known statistical associations are described between morphology and sex for lung cancer and between morphology and controlateral tumor for ovary.

Glucose transporters in the regulation of intestinal, renal, and liver glucose fluxes.

Five functional mammalian facilitated hexose carriers (GLUTs) have been characterized by molecular cloning. By functional expression in heterologous systems, their specificity and affinity for different hexoses have been defined. There are three high-affinity transporters (GLUT-1, GLUT-3 and GLUT-4) and one low-affinity transporter (GLUT-2), and GLUT-5 is primarily a fructose carrier. Because their Michaelis constants (Km) are below the normal blood glucose concentration, the high-affinity transporters function at rates close to maximal velocity. Thus their level of cell surface expression greatly influences the rate of glucose uptake into the cells. In contrast, the rate of glucose uptake by GLUT-2 (Km = 17 mM) increases in parallel with the rise in blood glucose over the physiological concentration range. High-affinity transporters are found in almost every tissue, but their expression is higher in cells with high glycolytic activity. Glut-2, however, is found in tissues carrying large glucose fluxes, such as intestine, kidney, and liver. As an adaptive response to variations in metabolic conditions, the expression of these transporters is regulated by glucose and different hormones. Thus, because of their specific characteristics and regulated expression, the facilitated glucose transporters control fundamental aspects of glucose homeostasis. I review data pertaining to the structure and regulated expression of the glucose carriers present in intestine, kidney, and liver and discuss their role in the control of glucose flux into or out of these different tissues.

Recueil de lettres, en grande partie originales, adressées à divers membres des familles Gouffier-Boissy et Lorraine-Guise. (XVe-XVIe siècles).

Lettres signées : « Guiot Pot (fol. 1) ; Charles [VIII] (fol. 2) ; Artus Gouffier [-Boissy, plus tard duc de Roannois] (fol. 3, 50, 54) ; Loysde Graville (fol. 4) ; J., prothonotaire de Montmorency (fol. 5) ; A. de Montmorency [à sa soeur Mme de Boissy] (fol. 6) ; Pierre [IIe du nom, duc de Bourbon] (?) (fol. 8, 13) ; Charles [de Bourbon, duc de Vendôme] (fol. 9, 11,12) ; Estyene de Vesc (fol. 14, 25, 29) ; Dragut, capitano del' armata del Gran Signore, avec des pièces diverses en turc provenant de la chancellerie de Soliman II et adressées à Henri II (fol. 15) ; de La Trimoille, Loys de Halewin, Estyene de Vesc, Myolans (fol. 24 et suiv.) ; Guillaume Briçonnet (fol. 30) ; Charles de Lorraine, [duc de Lorraine] (fol. 36) ; Susanne de Bourbon, [épouse de Claude de Rieux. sgr. de Rochefort] (fol. 38) ; Charles de Croy, [comte de Porcean et de Seneghen] (fol. 42) ; Ymbert de Batarnay (fol. 45, 46) ; A. (?) de Bueil (fol. 47) ; G. Gouffier(fol. 48) ; Loys Gouffier (fol. 52) ; Guillaume Bertrand (fol. 58) ; de La Trémoille (fol 66) ; [le maréchal de] Sainct-André (fol. 68) ; La Roche-de-Pozay, Poton, de Raissé et Babou (fol. 70) ; Françoys de Clèves, [duc de Nevers] (fol. 71, 72) ; » etc.

Concomitant chemoradiotherapy versus acceleration of radiotherapy with or without concomitant chemotherapy in locally advanced head and neck carcinoma (GORTEC 99-02): an open-label phase 3 randomised trial.

BACKGROUND: Concomitant chemoradiotherapy and accelerated radiotherapy independently improve outcomes for patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of a combination of these approaches. METHODS: In our open-label phase 3 randomised trial, we enrolled patients with locally advanced, stage III and IV (non-metastatic) HNSCC and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-2. We randomly allocated patients centrally with a computer program (with centre, T stage, N stage, and localisation as minimisation factors) in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive conventional chemoradiotherapy (70 Gy in 7 weeks plus three cycles of 4 days' concomitant carboplatin-fluorouracil), accelerated radiotherapy-chemotherapy (70 Gy in 6 weeks plus two cycles of 5 days' concomitant carboplatin-fluorouracil), or very accelerated radiotherapy alone (64·8 Gy [1·8 Gy twice daily] in 3·5 weeks). The primary endpoint, progression-free survival (PFS), was assessed in all enrolled patients. This trial is completed. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00828386. FINDINGS: Between Feb 29, 2000, and May 9, 2007, we randomly allocated 279 patients to receive conventional chemoradiotherapy, 280 to accelerated radiotherapy-chemotherapy, and 281 to very accelerated radiotherapy. Median follow-up was 5·2 years (IQR 4·9-6·2); rates of chemotherapy and radiotherapy compliance were good in all groups. Accelerated radiotherapy-chemotherapy offered no PFS benefit compared with conventional chemoradiotherapy (HR 1·02, 95% CI 0·84-1·23; p=0·88) or very accelerated radiotherapy (0·83, 0·69-1·01; p=0·060); conventional chemoradiotherapy improved PFS compared with very accelerated radiotherapy (0·82, 0·67-0·99; p=0·041). 3-year PFS was 37·6% (95% CI 32·1-43·4) after conventional chemoradiotherapy, 34·1% (28·7-39·8) after accelerated radiotherapy-chemotherapy, and 32·2% (27·0-37·9) after very accelerated radiotherapy. More patients in the very accelerated radiotherapy group had RTOG grade 3-4 acute mucosal toxicity (226 [84%] of 268 patients) compared with accelerated radiotherapy-chemotherapy (205 [76%] of 271 patients) or conventional chemoradiotherapy (180 [69%] of 262; p=0·0001). 158 (60%) of 265 patients in the conventional chemoradiotherapy group, 176 (64%) of 276 patients in the accelerated radiotherapy-chemotherapy group, and 190 (70%) of 272 patients in the very accelerated radiotherapy group were intubated with feeding tubes during treatment (p=0·045). INTERPRETATION: Chemotherapy has a substantial treatment effect given concomitantly with radiotherapy and acceleration of radiotherapy cannot compensate for the absence of chemotherapy. We noted the most favourable outcomes for conventional chemoradiotherapy, suggesting that acceleration of radiotherapy is probably not beneficial in concomitant chemoradiotherapy schedules. FUNDING: French Ministry of Health.

Caracterización de redes de cerco artesanal para anchoveta destinada al consumo humano directo

Las características principales de las redes de cerco artesanales anchoveteras para CHD (PS 01.1.0 “ISSCFG”), utilizan tamaños de malla en el copo y cuerpo de ½” ~ 13 mm de material nylon Poliamida (PA). Se encontró una diferencia en las dimensiones, el material y diámetro del hilo del paño usado, entre las redes de las ANC-CHD tradicionales (Paita, Chimbote, Callao e Ilo) que utilizan paños anchoveteros de R310tex, R381tex R462tex, con longitud de relinga superior (LRS) de 183-366 m (100 a 200 bz), altura de paño estirado (AHE) de 27 a 64 m (15 a 35 bz); y las redes de cerco ANC-Pisco que utilizan paños anchoveteros de R155tex y R230tex, con LRS de 270 a 396 m (145 a 215 bz) y AHE de 30 m (16 bz). Del análisis regresional experimental, las principales características de la red (LRS, AHE), y la embarcación–capacidad de bodega-(CBOD) presentaron correlaciones significativas para la flota ANC-Tradicional (r = 0,86 y 0,91), mientras que en la flota ANC-Pisco las correlación de la función CBODLRS fue de 0,30 y la AHE fue constante (30 m) para todo el rango de LRS (270 - 396 m).

Incremental neural networks for function approximation

A new strategy for incremental building of multilayer feedforward neural networks is proposed in the context of approximation of functions from R-p to R-q using noisy data. A stopping criterion based on the properties of the noise is also proposed. Experimental results for both artificial and real data are performed and two alternatives of the proposed construction strategy are compared.

Monitoring inflammatory bowel disease activity: clinical activity is judged to be more relevant than endoscopic severity or biomarkers.

BACKGROUND: There is increasing evidence for the clinical relevance of mucosal healing (MH) as therapeutic treatment goal in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to investigate by which method gastroenterologists monitor IBD activity in daily practice. METHODS: A questionnaire was sent to all board-certified gastroenterologists in Switzerland to specifically address their strategy to monitor IBD between May 2009 and April 2010. RESULTS: The response rate was 57% (153/270). Fifty-two percent of gastroenterologists worked in private practice and 48% worked in hospitals. Seventy-eight percent judged clinical activity to be the most relevant criterion for monitoring IBD activity, 15% chose endoscopic severity, and 7% chose biomarkers. Seventy percent of gastroenterologists based their therapeutic decisions on clinical activity, 24% on endoscopic severity, and 6% on biomarkers. The following biomarkers were used for IBD activity monitoring: CRP, 94%; differential blood count, 78%; fecal calprotectin (FC), 74%; iron status, 63%; blood sedimentation rate, 3%; protein electrophoresis, 0.7%; fecal neutrophils, 0.7%; and vitamin B12, 0.7%. Gastroenterologists in hospitals and those with ≤ 10 years of professional experience used FC more frequently compared with colleagues in private practice (P=0.035) and those with > 10 years of experience (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Clinical activity is judged to be more relevant for monitoring IBD activity and guiding therapeutic decisions than endoscopic severity and biomarkers. As such, the accumulating scientific evidence on the clinical impact of mucosal healing does not yet seem to influence the management of IBD in daily gastroenterologic practice.