996 resultados para 20. Jahrhundert


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The results of the femtosecond optical heterodyne detection of optical Kerr effect at 805 nm with the 80 fs ultrafast pulses in amorphous Ge10As40S30Se20 film is reported in this paper. The film shows an optical non-linear response of: 200 fs under ultrafast 80 fs-pulse excitation and the values of real and imaginary parts of non-linear susceptibility chi((3)) were 9.0 X 10(-12) and -4.0 X 10(-12) esu, respectively. The large third-order non-linearity and ultrafast response are attributed to the ultrafast distortion of the electron orbits surrounding the average positions of the nucleus of Ge, As, S and Se atoms. This Ge10As40S30Se20 chalcogenide glass would be expected as a promising material for optical switching technique. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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A spin-coated film of lead tetra-(tert-butyl)-5,10,15,20-tetraazaporphyrin complex (PbTAP(t-Bu)(4)) was obtained and characterized by IR spectra, absorption spectra and atomic force microscopy. The response and recovery characteristics of the film to NH3, NO2 and C2H5OH vapor were investigated at room temperature. In addition, the reversibility and stability of the film to NH3 were also studied. The results indicate that the PbTAP(t-Bu)(4) derivative can be exploited as an NH3 sensor at room temperature. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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In this article, we report an all-fiber master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) system, which can provide high repetition rate and nanosecond pulse with diffraction-limit. The system was constructed using a (2 + 1) X 1 multimode combiner. The Q-Switched, LD pumped Nd:YVO4 solid-state laser wets used (is master oscillator. The 976-nm fiber-coupled module is used as pump source. A 10-m long China-made Yb3+-doped D-shape double-clad large-mode-area fiber was used as amplifier fiber. The MOPA produced as much as 20-W average power with nanosecond pulse and near diffraction limited. The pulse duration is maintained at about 15 its during 50-175 kHz. The system employs a simple and compact architecture and is therefore suitable for the use in practical applications such as scientific and military airborne LIDAR and imaging. Based oil this system. the amplification performances of. the all fiber amplifier is investigated. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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En el siguiente estudio se analiza, mediante el test de 20 minutos, la mejora en el rendimiento de diez remeros pertenecientes a un club de elite. Estos sujetos, se sometieron a dos test en diferentes fechas de la temporada. Se hizo una comparación entre ambas pruebas. Las variables analizadas en esa comparación y que muestran la evolución de los deportistas son las siguientes: wattios, ritmo y frecuencia cardiaca. Analizando los wattios se calculó la potencia obtenida durante todo el test, con el ritmo nos referimos a las paladas por minuto y mirando la frecuencia cardiaca pudimos obtener dos indicadores: cuál es el porcentaje de la frecuencia cardiaca máxima con la que cada deportista realizó la prueba y en qué medida recuperaba cada sujeto.

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Futbolean egoten ari den garapenarekin bat, indibidualizaziorako joera ezartzen ari da futbolean, postu espezifiko bakoitzaren beharren arabera entrenatzaile zein prestatzaile fisikoek entrenamendu prozesuak egokituz. Ikerlan honen helburu nagusia zelaiko postu espezifikoen arteko ezberdintasunak aztertzea izango da azelerazio gaitasunean, trebetasunean, behe gorputz adarreko indar elastiko esplosiboan eta ahalmen aerobikoan denboraldiko bi une ezberdinetan. Horrez gain, jokalariek bi une ezberdinen artean izandako bilakaera aztertuko da. 16-20 urte bitarteko 37 jokalarik parte hartu dute ikerketan, hurrengo postuetan sailkatuz: erdiko atzelariak (EA), hegaleko atzelariak (HA), erdilariak (ERD), hegaleko erdilariak (HEG) eta aurrelariak (AUR). 15m linealeko lasterketa, Barrow test egokitua, kontra mugimenduzko jauzi bertikala beso askeekin eta Yoyo intermittent recovery test Level 1 proba fisikoak burutu ziren aurredenboraldiko lehen astean (T1) eta gabonetako lehiaketa etenaren osteko astean (T2). Jokalariak orokorrean aztertuta trebezian eta ahalmen aerobikoan izan zituzten ezberdintasun adierazgarriak bi proba fisiko aldien artean. Postuen arteko ezberdintasunei dagokionez, azelerazio gaitasunean, trebetasunean eta ahalmen aerobikoan aztertu ziren ezberdintasun adierazgarriak lehenengo proba fisiko aldian. Bigarren proba fisiko aldian berriz soilik trebetasunean aztertu ziren ezberdintasun adierazgarriak postuen artean. Denboraldian zehar izandako bilakaerak ere aztertu dira, postuen artean ezberdintasunik egon gabe proba batean ere ez. Esan beharra dago formazioko adinetan jokalariak postu ezberdinetan jokatu ahal izatea bilatzen dela, hori dela eta, ez dute postu batekiko espezializazioa izango. Interesgarria izan daiteke, formazioko aldi honetatik aurrera prestatzaile fisiko eta entrenatzaileentzat, postu espezifiko bakoitzeko jokalariei entrenamendu espezifikoak ezartzea, postu bakoitzaren behar fisiko zein tekniko-taktiko espezifikoetan hobekuntza nabariagoak izateko helburuarekin.

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One additional Chalci campaign that, in line with the previous Chalci campaigns 78-01, 78-02, and 79/01, has as its major objective the trawl exploration of the Ivoirian continental shelf at the depth of 10 to 120 metres.

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为了寻找可能替代蓝宝石作为氮化镓外延的新型衬底,通过48h的气相传输平衡,分别在1000℃、1030℃、1050℃、1070℃和1100℃制备了一层单相多晶的γ铝酸锂膜。X射线衍射和扫描电镜分别用于表征膜的物相、取向和表面形貌。结果显示,γ铝酸锂择优取向的好坏取决于气相平衡传输温度,在1050℃制备的γ铝酸锂具有高度的[100]择优取向;在γ铝酸锂(001)面上的双轴拉应力可能有助于[100]择优取向的形成;γ铝酸锂晶粒表面裂纹的方向一致性与其择优取向紧密相关。上述结果表明在合适的工艺条件下,气相传输平衡