995 resultados para 16-157


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ΔE-E望远镜探测器是用于重离子校反应测量的一种装置,它可以测量产物的电荷数和能量。在单路ΔE-E的基础上,我们研制了一路ΔE气体探测器和十路E金硅石垒探测器构成的多路ΔE-E望远镜探测系统。电离室窗直径为8cm,阴极到栅极距离为6cm,栅极到阳极距离为2cm,充入50的Ar(90%) + CH_4 (10%)气体,测得对~(241)Am的5.41Mev/α其能量分辩为13%。所用的十块金硅石垒探测器能量为1%左右。此系统可以同时测量22 °范围内的10个角度点,这对角分布测量将十分有利。该探测器系统对~(16)O + ~(12)C反应体的Z分辩约为6%,它可以清楚的分开C到Mg的各种元素。利用上述多路ΔE-E探测系统,我们测量了E_(16O) = 50Mev-90Mev的16_O束流轰击~RC、~(24)Mg、~(28)Si和~(32)S等四个体系校反应产物的角分布、能谱和激发函数。在测量激发函数时,我们选取能量步长为ΔE_(Lab) = 1Mev,以便观察振荡结构在角分布测量时,对于三个能量点,我们测量了5.1 °- 39 °范围内的13个角度点。由于时间限制,本毕业论文仅给出~(16)O + ~(28)Si反应的全熔合激发函数和角分布。并且运用G-M模型和Wiecki公式对全熔合截石进行了理论计算。从激发函曲线看,实验结果的平均趋势与G-M模型的理论结果符合的相当好,同时还发现了该体系全熔合截石随能量有规律的起伏,这种起伏具有公认的振荡结构和某些特征,因此这些起伏极有可能就是振荡结构

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利用近物所1.7米回旋加速器加速出的97MeV的~(16)O束流轰击~(51)V靶,九组不同的望远镜系统用于对~(16)O + ~(51)V反应中击射α粒子进行单举测量及α粒子与类弹产物符合测量。所有的探测器组号通过电子学线路和近物原的MODAS 1数据获取系统以事件方式记录在磁带上,实现了42参数同时获取。与此同时,利用所提供的束流,完成了CsI(Tl)晶体phoswich探测器的调试工作,得到了好的结果。在VAX/11-780计算机上用PAX数据分析程序对实验数据进行离线分析,得到了α粒子单举能谱、角分布,E-O平面内d~2σ/dEαΩ等高图和速度平面内d_2σ/PCdEdΩ截面等高图;得到了复合核蒸发和直接α粒子发射的截面值。同时也得到了α粒子——类弹产物符合的α粒子能谱和前方向击射α粒子与类弹产物符合的两维能量联图。为了对直接机制中予平衡发射α粒子的贡献有一估计,用激子模型对~(16)O + ~(51)V反应系统进行了理论计算,得到了复合核蒸发及予平衡发射α粒子产额占总产额中所占的比份。实验结果和理论分析表明:除复合核蒸发和予平衡发射的贡献外,还有其它反应机制的存在。通过二体和三体运动学对所得到的符合实际数据进行分析,证明了类弹、类靶跟随发射和弹核破裂(break-up)机制的存在。综合所有的实际结果,我们认为:~(16)O + ~(51)V反应系统中α粒子主要采源于复合核的蒸发和予平衡发射机制,除此而外还应包括类弹、类靶发射和弹核破裂等反应机制的贡献

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The pro sectile-like fragments of ~(16)O + ~(64)Ni Reaction (Elab = 96 MeV) were measured by using ionization chamber telescopes. The countour plots of d~36/dndEdz in TKE-θ plane angular distribution integrating over different TKE window. The z-distribution and angular distributions of different fragments from He to O were obtained. The main mechanisms dominating in this reaction were discussed

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用蒸发中子反应产生~(157)Tb和~(153)Er,收集活性样品,作x, #gamma# 单谱及符合谱测量,对~(157)Yb和~(153)Er的(EC+#beta#~+)衰变进行了研究,给出了~(157)Yb及~(153)Er的衰变纲图,其中~(157)Yb的衰变纲图包括25条新#gamma#射线,分析~(157)Yb的衰变纲图,~(153)Er的衰变纲图包括15条#gamma#射线,并指定出~(153)Er半衰变期值,该值与文献给出值符合得很好。指定了~(153)Er的衰变纲图中能级状况

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利用142Nd(16O,5n)153Er和147Sm(16O,6n)157Yb反应并藉助与氦喷嘴快速带传输装置和x(γ) γt-符合测量技术首次建立了153Er和157Yb的(EC/β+)衰变能级纲图。 对153Er的(EC/β+)衰变纲图的分析,得到结果有, 1) 辨认了256.7KeV和634.2KeV的二条低位能级分别为d3/2和d5/2的单质子态。因此,153H0的基态 的形状为球形。在同位素链Ho(Z=67)上,随着中子数的增加,奇质量数Ho核的基态核形状由球形过渡到变形发生在中子数86和88之间。 2) 位于1700.1KeV能级为三粒子态,具有[(πh11/2 νh9/2)1+ νf7/2] , , 的结构特征。 经对157Yb的(EC/β+)衰变纲图分析,得到结果有, 1) 发现了建立在157Tm基态上的Kπ= 转动带的带头部分。用可变转动惯量的三轴行变粒子转子模型对157Tm的转动能谱的计算结果表明,157Tm的基态Kπ= 转动带所对应的形变是三轴形变,相应的形变参数为ε2=0.23,ε4=0.01,γ=35°。给出了随着中子数的增加,奇质量数Tm(Z=69)核的基态核形状由球形过渡到非球形发生在中子数86和88之间。 2) 辨认了一条位于激发能为3502KeV的同质异能态,其寿命>40ns。

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本文以黄土高原丘陵区陕北延安燕沟流域为例,研究了退耕地土壤有机碳、全氮和酶活性对植被恢复过程的响应。结果表明,随植被恢复年限的增加,植被盖度、多度和物种数均呈现先增加后减少然后又增加的趋势。同当年对照农地相比,随着植被恢复年限的增加,表层(0~20 cm)土壤有机碳、全氮、蔗糖酶、脲酶和碱性磷酸酶活性均明显增加,过氧化氢酶活性随植被恢复年限的增加变化不明显。同对照农地相比,表层土壤有机碳、全氮、蔗糖酶、脲酶和碱性磷酸酶活性分别增加了35%~184.6%、5.7%~157.4%、89.6%~566%、32.9%~331.2%和0.18%~184.8%。表层土壤有机碳和脲酶活性对植被恢复的响应是在植被恢复初期(0~8年),随植被恢复年限的增加而增加,植被恢复8~29年期间,随植被恢复年限的增加而减少,而植被恢复29 a以后,又随植被恢复年限的增加而增加。而表层土壤全氮、蔗糖酶和碱性磷酸酶活性对植被恢复的响应是在植被恢复初期(0~16年),随植被恢复年限的增加而增加,植被恢复16~29年期间,随植被恢复年限的增加而减少,植被恢复29 a以后,又随植被恢复年限的增加而增加。表层土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶和碱性磷酸酶活性与有机碳...

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A series of acene-type conjugated molecules(1-5) containing 2-6 pyrazine units and up to 16 rectilinearly arranged fused aromatic rings were synthesized by condensation coupling of 1,2-diamines and 1,2-diketones. The energy gap of the molecules estimated from absorption edge decreases with an increase in molecular length, indicating the well-delocalized nature of the molecules. The cyclic voltarnmetry measurements suggest that the n-type properties of these ribbonlike pyrazine derivatives are dependent on the molecular length and the number of the pyrazine units.

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采用乌头碱和人肠内细菌体外温孵的方法,探讨乌头碱在肠内的生物转化规律.乌头类生物碱在ESI正离子模式条件下形成质子化分子[M+H]+,利用离子阱电喷雾串联质谱和傅立叶离子回旋共振电喷雾串联质谱方法可以直接分析乌头碱的转化产物.本文首次报道了乌头碱在人肠内菌群环境中产生16-O-去甲基乌头碱,16-O-去甲基乌头碱可进一步被肠内细菌转化,通过脱乙酰基、脱苯甲酰基、脱甲基、脱羟基以及酯化反应,产生新型的单酯型、双酯型和20余种脂类生物碱等转化产物.

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A 'discrete' (H2O)(16) cluster, featuring four basic cyclic nine-membered rings and a twelve-membered ring, illustrates a new mode of supramolecular association of water molecules.

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A facile and wet-chemical approach was employed to control synthesis of self-organizing, hyperbranched nanoporous Au microsheet with high quality in bulk quantity. This method produced nanoporous Au microsheets with a thickness of 7-15 nm. The microsheets were composed of irregularly interconnected planar Au nanoplates with interstices, i.e. nanopores of 10-50 nm. And the nanoporous Au microsheets were enveloped in 10-30 nm thick polyaniline (PANI) sheaths. The morphology of the nanostructured Au composites could also be easily tuned by changing the concentration of aniline and chlorauric acid. The dendritic and epitaxial growth of nanoporous Au microsheet was believed as the diffusion-limited process confined in the lamellar emulsion phase through self-assembly of aniline and dodecylsulfate. The solution reaction proceeded at a mild condition (room temperature and aqueous solutions), and less toxic reagents were employed instead of extreme toxic and corrosive chemicals.

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Both bare and self-assembled monolayer (SAM) protected gold substrate could be etched by allyl bromide according to atomic force microscopy (AFM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric (ICPMS) analysis results. With this allyl bromide ink material, negative nanopatterns could be fabricated directly by dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) on SAMs of 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid (MHA) on Au(111) substrate. A tip-promoted etching mechanism was proposed where the gold-reactive ink could penetrate the MHA resist film through tip-induced defects resulting in local corrosive removal of the gold substrate. The fabrication mechanism was also confirmed by electrochemical characterization, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis and fabrication of positive nanopatterns via a used DPN tip.