Changes in Access to Health Services of the Immigrant and Native-Born Population in Spain in the Context of Economic Crisis

Aim: To analyze changes in access to health care and its determinants in the immigrant and native-born populations in Spain, before and during the economic crisis. Methods: Comparative analysis of two iterations of the Spanish National Health Survey (2006 and 2012). Outcome variables were: unmet need and use of different healthcare levels; explanatory variables: need, predisposing and enabling factors. Multivariate models were performed (1) to compare outcome variables in each group between years, (2) to compare outcome variables between both groups within each year, and (3) to determine the factors associated with health service use for each group and year. Results: unmet healthcare needs decreased in 2012 compared to 2006; the use of health services remained constant, with some changes worth highlighting, such as the decline in general practitioner visits among autochthons and a narrowed gap in specialist visits between the two populations. The factors associated with health service use in 2006 remained constant in 2012. Conclusion: Access to healthcare did not worsen, possibly due to the fact that, until 2012, the national health system may have cushioned the deterioration of social determinants as a consequence of the financial crisis. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the effects of health policy responses to the crisis after 2012.

John Warren's copy of votes from a meeting of the Boston Medical Society, 1784 May 3

This document lists the eleven votes cast at a meeting of the Boston Medical Society on May 3, 1784. It was authorized as a "true coppy" by Thomas Kast, the Secretary of the Society. The following members of the Society were present at the meeting, all of them doctors: James Pecker, James Lloyd, Joseph Gardner, Samuel Danforth, Isaac Rand, Jr., Charles Jarvis, Thomas Kast, Benjamin Curtis, Thomas Welsh, Nathaniel Walker Appleton, and doctors whose last names were Adams, Townsend, Eustis, Homans, and Whitwell. The document indicates that a meeting had been held the previous evening, as well (May 2, 1784), at which the topics on which votes were taken had been discussed. The votes, eleven in total, were all related to the doctors' concerns about John Warren and his involvement with the emerging medical school (now Harvard Medical School), that school's relation to almshouses, the medical care of the poor, and other related matters. The tone and content of these votes reveals anger on the part of the members of the Boston Medical Society towards Warren. This anger appears to have stemmed from the perceived threat of Warren to their own practices, exacerbated by a vote of the Harvard Corporation on April 19, 1784. This vote authorized Warren to apply to the Overseers of the Poor for the town of Boston, requesting that students in the newly-established Harvard medical program, where Warren was Professor of Anatomy and Surgery, be allowed to visit the hospital of the almshouse with their professors for the purpose of clinical instruction. Although Warren believed that the students would learn far more from these visits, in regards to surgical experience, than they could possibly learn in Cambridge, the proposal provoked great distrust from the members of the Boston Medical Society, who accused Warren of an "attempt to direct the public medical business from its usual channels" for his own financial and professional gain.

The UK renegotiation from an EU perspective: the dog that hasn’t yet barked? EPC Commentary, 20 November 2015

Given the potential impact on the EU, the UK‘s in/out referendum and the associated reform agenda should be high up the Brussels agenda. But, curiously, so far there has been little obvious activity in Brussels, with few signs that it has the attention of the EU leadership. During the October Summit there was only a very short discussion of the UK referendum, with David Cameron pledging to set out the UK’s specific issues to be addressed (the EU reform agenda) in writing to President Tusk by early November, which he duly did on 10 November.

The faiths of the peoples,

An account of the author's visits to various places of worship in London, and to a Moslem feast at Algiers.

Me and the dog.

Double leaved.

Dog Breaking : the most expeditious, certain and easy method, whether great excellence or only mediocrity be required, with odds and ends for those who love the dog and gun /

Mode of access: Internet.

Unexplored Syria. Visits to the Libanus, the Tulúl el Safá, the Anti-Libanus, the northern Libanus, and the 'Aláh.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

The dog encyclopedia, a complete reference work on dogs.

Mode of access: Internet.

Bypaths in Dixie; folk tales of the South,

First published in 1911; this edition adds an afterword.

The dog in your life.

Cover title.

Lamellar keratoplasty in the dog;

Investigations made at the New York State Veterinary College.

Transatlantic sketches, comprising visits to the most interesting scenes in North and South America, and the West Indies. With notes on negro slavery and Canadian emigration /

The author visited British Guiana, Barbadoes, Tobago, Trinidad, Grenada, St. Vincents, Jamaica, and Cuba: thence up the Mississippi through Canada and the eastern United States.

Transatlantic sketches, comprising visits to the most interesting scenes in North and South America, and the West Indies. With notes on Negroslavery and Canadian emigration.

The author visited British Guiana, Barbados, Tobago, Trinidad, Grenada, St. Vincents, Jamaica, and Cuba; thence up the Mississippi, through Canada and the eastern United States.

The Oregonian's handbook of the Pacific Northwest.

"The data for these articles ... [were] gathered by the Oregonian through personal visits of its representatives to the different parts of this territory."--p. 3.

The works of Théophile Gautier ...

"Printed for members only."