Análise experimental de um trocador de calor por mudança de fase e desenvolvimento de um modelo numérico simplificado

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEIS

Comparison of selective and non selective cyclo-oxygenase 2 inhibitors in experimental colitis exacerbation: role of leukotriene B4 and superoxide dismutase

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Análise fitoquímica de Solanum lycocarpum A. St.-Hil. e efeito do tratamento crônico sobre o peso corporal e sobre o comportamento de ratas ovariectomizadas

Pós-graduação em Biociências - FCLAS

Simulação numérica através do método dos elementos finitos e comparação experimental para obtenção de tensões e deformações específicas em fêmur com prótese total de quadril

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Comportamento ingestivo de bovinos mantidos em pastos de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés manejado em diferentes alturas de pastejo

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of grazing heights on daytime behavioral activities of Nellore beef cattle in the rainy season. The experimental area was 12 hectares divided into paddocks of one hectare each. The treatments consisted of four defoliation heights (15, 30, 45 and 60 cm) in pastures of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraes with three replicates each. It was used the continuos grazing method, with variable stocking rate. Forage samples collected on the plots were sent to the laboratory for separation of the botanical components, weighing and determination of dry matter, with the material collected by simulated grazing. The variables: grazing time, idle time and ruminating time were evaluated for 12 consecutive hours on days 15 and 16 February 2011, considering the morning and afternoon periods. It was used a completely randomized design. The height of the canopy significantly influenced the daily grazing time and ruminating time, with a quadratic response as a function of time of defoliation. The bite rate decreased as a function of heights studied. However the chemical composition of the material collected by simulated grazing did not differ between treatments. Xaraes grass swards grazed at around 45 cm height provide greater ease of apprehension by grazing cattle.

Efeito da tosquia estratégica no comportamento ingestivo de ovelhas Ile de France em pastagem de capim vaquero (Cynodon dactylon cv Vaquero) durante a estação de monta

The experiment evaluated the effects of strategic shearing on feeding behavior in Ile de France ewes in Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) grazing during breeding season. A total of 20 ewes, female, Ile de France breed, 4 years old, 71.10 kg of body weight, in grazing, in a completely randomized design with two treatments and ten repetitions, in which the treatments were composed by shorn and non-shorn animals. The length of the breeding season was 90 days, where the evaluations occurred in the 86th, 87th and 88th day of the experimental period. The grazing time (6.50 hours), rumination (1.59 hours) and idle (3.97 hours) have not changed (P> 0.05) by strategic shearing of the animals, as well as the frequency and the time by frequency grazing (18.33 grazing and 21.49 min/grazing), rumination (10.71 ruminations and 8.83 min/rumination) and idle (18.83 idles and 12.66 min/idle). In the same way, the number of bits per minute (26.37 bits) and the total daily bits (19.116 bits) of the animals were not affected. Thus, the strategic shearing in Ile de France ewes in Bermudagrass grazing during the breeding season does not alter animal feeding behavior.

Análise do comportamento térmico de paredes de madeira

This study consists in the observation and evaluation of the thermal behavior and distribution of wood composite walls, MDF – Medium Density Fiberboard, HDF – High Density Fiberboard, OSB – Oriented Strand Board and EGP – Edge Glued Panel. This study had the objective to present the experimental thermal behavior and to verify which one fit the thermal comfort standards for human labor For this work, was developed a thermal chamber, with one interchangeable side, so the wall prototypes would fit for each experiment. We studied walls made of MDF, HDF, OSB and EGP, which one had its own distinct behavior due to the panel construction. The EGP wall had shown the most reliable material for this usage at high temperatures. With this work, it was demonstrated the importance of choice for the right material and construction method for wooden composite walls, because if they were scaled poorly, the people exposed to them would be uncomfortable by the proportionate environment, and the costs for a resizing would be too high

Investigação experimental da tenacidade em tubos de aço API 5L X70 soldados pelo processo HF/ERW

Studies about structural integrity are very important when it desires to prevent disasters associated with flaws inherent in materials used in structural components. The welded joints in steel pipes used to conduction and distribution of oil and gas correspond to the regions most susceptible to flaw. Aiming to contribute to this research line, the present study was designed to assess experimentally the structural integrity of welded joints in steel pipes API 5L X70 used in pipeline systems. This assessment is given from tests of CTOD, whose aim is simulate in laboratory the real behaviour of crack from of his propagation on the welded joint obtained by high frequency electric resistance welding. In this case, the analyses are performed from specimens SE(B) obtained directly of steel pipe API 5L X70. The proposed methodology involves tests of CTOD at lower temperature, in order to assess the toughness of material in critical operation conditions. From performance of CTOD tests, was possible assess the toughness of welded joints in terms of quantity through CTOD parameter and in terms of quality from behaviour of curve load versus CMOD. In this study, also, sought to compare CTOD’s results obtained through rules ASTM E1820 (2008) and BS 7448 (1991). Although the two standards cited previously have adopted different parameters to calculated the value of CTOD, concluded that the values of CTOD tend to converge for a common value

Avaliação do uso de fantomas antropomórficos na análise experimental dos fatores que afetam o contraste de imagens radiográficas

This experimental study aimed the evaluation of the use of anthropomorphic phantoms in the analysis of the influence of the acquisition parameters in the contrast of radiographic images. The analyzed factors were the variation of the peak kilovoltage (kVp) and the product of the filament circuit by the time of exposition (mAs). The influence of these factors was verified for different anthropomorphic phantoms: foot, knee and chest. The image contrast behavior with the simulators was compared to values obtained with the use of an aluminum ladder being the behavior of this reference for analysis and discussion. To assure the reproducibility of images, quality control tests were made and evaluation of procedure conditions before the experiments. The results obtained are shown in a scale of images where it was possible to evaluate the impact in the darkness of images. Regions with different compositions were analyzed which were different in image, this way the values of optical density and contrast are represented as charts and graphics. We conclude that the use of anthropomorphic phantoms in the evaluation of the influence of tension of the tube and time of exposition in the contrast of the radiographic images is not indicated for a quantitative analysis through optical density, once they present incompatible results with the data as reference as the aluminum ladder even so these simulators present a great property in qualitative analysis regarding the differentiation of structures and subjective evaluations

Avaliação da eficácia da analgesia com acupuntura pela análise imuno-histoquimica da expressão de proteína C-Fos: estudo em modelo experimental de dor aguda em ratos

The behavior and experience of pain are characterized by alertness and anxiety, which disappear soon after the healing process begins. Based on this area, the present study aimed to quantify the expression of c-fos in segments of the brain of rats after surgical stimulation in one rear hind paw (analgesia), using anesthesia with sodium thiopental and practices of acupuncture pre and post operative. The animals were stimulated with intraperitoneal injections of solution (NaCl) 0.2% (2ml), and divided into three groups, control, preoperative and postoperative. Each treatment was divided in manual acupuncture (AM) and electroacupuncture (EA). The animals were randomly distributed in each group. The c-fos expression was quantitated using immunohistochemistry for all situations. The results showed a great efficiency of all treatment compared to the control group (p <0.001), thus reenforcing data in the literature on the potential of acupuncture analgesia. There were no statistical differences among the different treatments, although there was a trend of EA being more efficient than AM

Avaliação teórico-experimental da distribuição de dose absorvida em radioterapia em tumores de pele

O trabalho propõe rotinas computacionais usando o Método de Monte Carlo com o Código MCNP-5, para analisar os perfis de dose de radiação liberada nos tratamentos de tumores de pele e otimizar os cálculos radiométricos dos feixes de radiação estudados. Foram realizadas medidas dosimétricas do feixe de radiação, comparando os resultados obtidos com os respectivos valores fornecidos pelo serviço de física médica das instituições, com resultados informados pelo fabricante do equipamento e com as simulações computacionais efetuadas com o Código MCNP-5. A quantificação dos erros relativos percentual entre os resultados simulados e os fornecidos pelo Serviço de Radioterapia (E1), os informados pelo fabricante (E2) e os medidos experimentalmente (E3) são inferiores a 4,0% e validam a metodologia computacional proposta para avaliação do comportamento do feixe de raios-X superficial e do feixe de raios γ da unidade de Cobaltoterapia. A metodologia de análise do espectro energético e da curva de porcentagem de dose profunda (PDP) desenvolvida neste trabalho pode ser estendida para estudos de outros feixes clínicos e subsidiar os dados radiométricos utilizados nos planejamentos e cálculos de dose realizados pelo profissional da física médica na sua rotina nos Serviços de Radioterapia

Efeitos indiretos das aranhas Peucetia spp. (Oxyopidae) e Misumenops argenteus (Thomisidae) no sucesso reprodutivo de Trichogoniopsis adenantha (DC) (Asteraceae) e no comportamento das guildas associadas à planta

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Constraints on the teaching work: the use of experimental activities in a Municipal Public School System

O trabalho escolar pode ser concebido como o resultado de complexas relações entre as prescrições legais, os diversos atores e as condições materiais da realidade objetiva de determinada escola, apresentando diferentes dimensões que condicionam seu desenvolvimento, envolvendo aspectos de natureza organizacionalestrutural e de natureza político-ideológica. O presente trabalho é resultado do curso de extensão realizado com professoras de ciências naturais de uma rede escolar pública municipal. Utilizando a abordagem de pesquisa qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso, objetivamos identificar os principais condicionantes que atuam sobre o trabalho docente e que são responsáveis pela baixa frequência de utilização de atividades experimentais. Os condicionantes identificados no estudo realizado se enquadraram em quatro fatores: relacionados à organização da escola e das aulas; ligados às condições estruturais e materiais; relacionados ao professor; e relacionados ao comportamento do aluno.

Avaliação da deposição e da agitação de calda em reservatórios de pulverizadores agrícolas utilizando uma análise numérica (CFD) e experimental

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEB

Comportamento morfo-fisiológico de Commelina benghalensis em resposta a herbicidas aplicados em pós-emergência

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS