Diversidade de maçãs (Malus Domestica Borkh.) nas feiras de produtores de Nova Iorque

Visitando feiras de produtores locais na cidade de Nova Iorque por um ano, entre junho de 2008 e maio de 2009, verificou-se significativa amplitude varietal das maçãs, demonstrando-se um aspecto particular da diversidade vegetal. Evidenciadas no verão pela presença volumosa, é no outono e inverno que se nota a diversidade intraespecífica, atravessando todos os períodos sazonais. Verificou-se a existência de mais de quatro centenas de espécies vegetais disponíveis no mercado, escolhendo-se a maçã como um dos tipos mais evidentes para a análise da diversidade, uma vez que se oferecem em 65 cultivares nas feiras do estado ao qual emprestam o apelido. Representam um tipo de diversidade que extrapola ao conceito de especialização, usualmente atribuído à agricultura dos países desenvolvidos, uma vez que convivem com outras espécies nos espaços em que são cultivadas. O objetivo deste artigo é demonstrar a diversidade genética e de usos das maçãs que se expressa na atividade comercial exercida nas ruas e praças nova iorquinas.

Consórcio intermunicipal para gestão ambiental nos municípios de pequeno porte 1 e 2 do nordeste paraense: uma possibilidade para gestão ambiental?

Após a publicação da Lei Complementar Federal no. 140 (LC 140/2011), de 08/12/2011, que definiu as competências dos municípios na gestão de políticas públicas ambientais, surgiu a necessidade de propor ações pelo poder público municipal para sua implementação. Para assegurar a eficácia da referida lei, os municípios deveriam estruturar-se para licenciar e fiscalizar as atividades degradadoras, ou potencialmente degradadoras, em seus territórios. Os órgãos criados no âmbito das políticas municipais ambientais demandariam estruturação física e de pessoal que, por serem onerosas, se tornaram verdadeiros óbices à priorização do gestor para garantir as condições necessárias para a gestão ambiental municipal. Dessa forma, a cooperação entre os entes federados, por intermédio do instrumento de Consórcio Público se apresenta como uma alternativa estratégica para implementação da lei nos municípios de pequeno porte para encaminhamento das questões ambientais. Entende-se que um planejamento territorial regional facilitaria o encaminhamento para solicitação de recursos, bem como para a celebração de contratos e convênios que beneficiassem os municípios consorciados. O presente estudo analisa a Capacidade Institucional de gestão ambiental entre os municípios de Vigia de Nazaré, São Caetano de Odivelas, Santo Antônio do Tauá e Colares e propõe um protocolo de intenções para formalização de um consórcio público para gestão intermunicipal do meio ambiente. De acordo com o IBGE, referidos municípios são de pequeno porte classes 1 e 2, localizados na Região Nordeste do Estado do Pará. No decorrer da pesquisa, após as visitas aos municípios, constatou-se a falta de capacidade institucional para promover a gestão ambiental em seus próprios territórios pelos municípios, como carência de servidores, baixa capacitação, escassez de recursos financeiros, omissões legislativas, inoperância dos conselhos e dos fundos municipais, além de ausência de aparelhamento como viaturas e equipamentos de medição. Por outro lado foi detectado que já ocorreram reuniões entre os gestores municipais para buscar uma solução conjunta para os problemas da região, dada a proximidade territorial e as semelhanças dos seus recursos naturais. Neste passo, ao final se construiu uma proposta para implementação de um consórcio intermunicipal, mediante um termo de cooperação para gestão ambiental integral entre os municípios.

Ensino na comunidade: aspectos socioeconômicos e demográficos das famílias visitadas por estudantes de medicina e enfermagem

Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

MOLECULAR TYPING OF Giardia duodenalis ISOLATES FROM NONHUMAN PRIMATES HOUSED IN A BRAZILIAN ZOO

A pesquisa de infecções por Giardia e a caracterização genotípica deste protozoário foi realizada em primatas não humanos (PNH) mantidos em Zoológico a fim de avaliar o seu potencial zoonótico. As amostras dos animais consistiram de fezes colhidas do piso de 22 baias onde eram mantidos 47 primatas de 18 diferentes espécies. Exames coproparasitológicos foram realizados pelos métodos de concentração por sedimentação e centrífugo-flutuação e revelaram a presença dos seguintes parasitas e suas respectivas frequências: Giardia (18%); Entamoeba spp. (18%); Endolimax nana (4.5%); Iodamoeba spp. (4.5%); oxiurídeos (4.5%) e estrongilídeos (4.5%). O DNA extraído de todas as amostras fecais foi submetido à técnica de PCR para a amplificação dos genes gdh e tpi de Giardia, porém, só foram obtidos amplicons das quatro amostras positivas provenientes de Ateles belzebuth, Alouatta caraya, Alouatta fusca and Alouatta seniculus. O seqüenciamento dos fragmentos amplificados foi possível apenas para as amostras oriundas de Ateles belzebuth (BA1), Alouatta fusca (BA2) e Alouatta caraya (BA3), cuja análise fenética de ambos os genes revelou pertencerem ao genótipo A. As análises das sequências de tpi revelaram que todas as amostras pertencem ao subgenótipo AII. No que se refere ao gene gdh as análises revelaram uma amostra pertencente ao subgenótipo AII (BA3) e duas ao subgenótipo A1 (BA1 e BA2). Considerando o potencial zoonótico do genótipo A e o fato de que os animais não apresentavam sintomas de infecção, os dados do presente trabalho salientam a importância de se realizar, periodicamente, exames coproparasitológicos dos animais de zoológico, para implementação de medidas preventivas para resguardar a saúde dos animais em cativeiro, a de seus tratadores e dos visitantes de parques zoológicos.

Pollen spectrum of propolis samples from São Paulo State, Brazil

The pollen spectrum of propolis is a good indicative of the phytogeographical origin of the bee product and the local flora available for bee visiting. The present study aimed to perform pollen analysis of propolis produced by Apis mellifera L., in the São Paulo State, Brazil. Propolis samples were directly obtained from beekeepers and slides were prepared for qualitative and quantitative analysis of pollen after propolis extraction. According to the results twenty-eight types of pollen were found and distributed in fifteen botanical families. Pollens from Mimosoideae and Myrtaceae types were found in all samples. In São Paulo State, there is a wide variety of vegetal sources which are components of the final propolis composition.

Relax and cut: limitantes duais para o problema do caixeiro viajante

Pós-graduação em Matemática - IBILCE

Environment and dispersal paths override life strategies and residence time in determining regional patterns of invasion by alien plants

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Enhanced production of parthenocarpic cucumbers pollinated with stingless bees and Africanized honey bees in greenhouses

Crops have different levels of dependence on pollinators; this holds true even for cultivars of the same species, as in the case of cucumber (Cucumis sativus). The aim of this research was to assess the attractiveness of flowers of three Japanese parthenocarpic cucumber cultivars and evaluate the importance of Africanized bees (Apis mellifera), and the Brazilian native stingless bees, Jata (Tetragonisca angustula) and Ira (Nannotrigona testaceicornis) on fruit production. Several parameters, including frequency of bee visits to flowers as well as duration of nectar collection and fruit set were examined; additionally, fruit weight, length and diameter were evaluated. Three greenhouses located in Ribeirao Preto, SP, were used for planting three cucumber cultivars (Hokushin, Yoshinari and Soudai). The female flowers were more attractive than male flowers; however, Jata bees were not observed visiting the flowers. The Africanized and the Ira bees collected only nectar, with a visitation peak between 10 and 12h. Visits to female flowers had a longer duration than visits to male flower visits in all three cultivars. Africanized bee colonies declined due to loss of bees while in the greenhouse; the native stingless bee colonies did not suffer these losses. When bees were excluded, fruit set was 78%; however, when bees had access to the flowers, fruit set was significantly (19.2%) higher. Fruit size and weight did not differ with and without bees. This demonstrates that even in parthenocarpic cucumber cultivars, which do not require pollination in order to from fruits, fruit production is significantly increased by bee pollination.

Os contributos da semiótica para o desenvolvimento do pensamento jurídico dos séculos XX e XXI: possibilidades de abordagem das problemáticas de positivismo e o pós-positivismo a partir da semiótica jurídica

Pós-graduação em Direito - FCHS

Arthropod-borne pathogens circulating in free-roaming domestic cats in a zoo environment in Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Comparative anatomy of reproductive structures in Cyclanthaceae (Pandanales)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Valores culturais e organizacionais em transformação: estudo sobre o Programa de Intercâmbio Social da Aiesec

Many young people have chosen go on exchange experiences, expecting to live in a context full of diversity, to know elements in the country they are visiting and also to develop themselves personally and professionally. Organizational and cultural values can be acquired or developed through these professional exchange experiences. This paper aimed to understand the vision of young people who went on the social exchange of AIESEC related to cultural and organizational values in the experience. AIESEC is a global and nonprofit organization formed by university students, with the objective of peace and the fulfillment of the humankind needs. Thus, professional exchanges are the main tool for achieving this goal. The study analyzes the experiences of 15 exchange students as well as the point of view of five managers of the organization in order to gain a broad perspective in relation to exchange experiences to understand how young people understand the concept of culture. The interview results suggest that in labor relations, autonomy and egalitarianism are values that go together, while the harmony could be observed by the fact that the projects deal with the issue of sustainability. Furthermore, responsibility, tolerance and collective were the human values that the exchange students developed the most, indicating that experience enables openness to live the diversity and to the intercultural dialogue in order to value local cultures of the visited countries

Um olhar para o Programa Acessa Escola: condições dos laboratórios de informática das escolas públicas de Guaratinguetá

Considering the necessity of implementation of the Information Technologies and Communication (ICT) in the public Brazilian schools, the São Paulo State government hearing the call of the federal government and, with the objective to promote the digital inclusion, created the Programa Acessa Escola. The research that we realized and bring expressed on this text, is about such program and allowed us comprehend how it had been developed in the public state schools of the city of Guaratinguetá. By visiting the schools, we saw the manner that each school make use of his informatics laboratory; how they understand the government Project; how they develop actions of use of the laboratory and, particularly, how they use the informatics laboratory to the teaching and learning of mathematics helping the professor and the students. To make possible to understand this use, was realized interviews with the responsible intern of each one of the 14 (fourteen) schools of Guaratinguetá; with the pedagogical coordinator or director of the school and with the mathematics teacher. By the analysis, realized using a qualitative approach of phenomenological nature, we understand that the intern see himself as an auxiliary of the student and professor in the use of the laboratory. The director or pedagogical coordinator understand that the laboratory is an excellent resource to the school, but still exist the necessity of more resources that allow to attend properly the community; and the mathematics teacher consider important the program in the school as much for the students digital inclusion as for the teaching but they feel not safe to use into his classes, because they consider that there is a lack of capacitation and collaboration to make their activities relevant to the learning. That make possible to recognize what is the function of the intern and what is the way that the students and professor ... ( Complete abstract click eletroctronic access below)

Comunidade de formigas (Hymenoptera: formicidae) em cultivo de videiras no município de São Roque - São Paulo

The cultivation of grapes is one of the most traditional cultures and the world's oldest one. In Brazil, cultivars occupy an area of approximately 90 thousand hectares, covering the south, southeast and northeast, in latitudes ranging from 30 º 56 '15''S up to 5 º 11' 15''S. The culture of the vine may be the target of the attack of some diseases and pests, and currently the main concern for growers is the subterranean mealybug, Eurhizococcus brasiliensis (Hemiptera: Margarodidae), known as pearl-ground. This arthropod infests the roots causing a progressive languish of the vine, even causes its death. In southern Brazil it is known that some species of ants can disperse pearl-ground for short distances, however, there is no information about that in the State of Sao Paulo. Thus, it is extremely important to perform studies with this focus on wine regions in this State. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the species of underground ant community in different grape varieties found in vineyards in the town of São Roque – SP, Brazil. With that purpose, samples were collected within one year. We used underground pitfalls spread across twelve points. In each of the points were placed two traps, one containing honey and the other containing sardine as attractive. The results revealed the presence of three morphospecies of ants in Niágara Rosada and four in other grape varieties, there was no significant difference in the species richness among the cultivars (Kruskal-Wallis - 0.33, p = 0.5). In both trials, the most frequent species was Brachymyrmex sp.4, suggesting that there is no dominance of distinct species of Niágara Rosada and the other grape varieties. There was no dissimilarity in species richness of the ones visiting honey or sardines (Kruskal-Wallis - 0.08, p = 0.7) and the analysis of variance indicated a great similarity in species richness between the rainy and dry seasons (Kruskal-Wallis - 0.09, p = 0.7)

The mean corpuscular volume and hydroxyurea in brazilian patients with sickle cell anemia: a surrogate marker of compliance

The suppression of erythropoiesis by Hydroxyurea (HU) therapy is associated with increase in mean corpuscular volume, in addition to the increase in Hb F. Monitoring the mean corpuscular volume values and the presence of macrocytosis are effective tools of adherence to the treatment with HU in patients with sickle cell anemia. The aim of this study is to monitor the mean corpuscular volume values after starting treatment with HU to determine if macrocytosis can be used as a surrogate marker of compliance with therapy. We conducted a prospective cohort study over one year with measurements of blood counts and mean corpuscular volume after starting therapy with HU in 95 patients with sickle cell anemia who were regularly followed in our ambulatory outpatient unit. In one-year of successful use of HU the mean value of the mean corpuscular volume increased significantly. The Andersen and Gill model demonstrated that the increase of one unit of MCV implies a 5% reduction in the risk of visiting the emergency room. Monitoring mean corpuscular volume values after prescribing HU alerts the provider of noncompliance in order to counsel the patient in question for better adherence to the use of HU that could improve the quality of care and to reduce morbidity and the frequency of acute pain crises and associated healthcare costs.