Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities for Week Ending, May 9, 2008

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities

Measuring the stability of histogram appearance when the anchor position is changed

Although the histogram is the most widely used density estimator, itis well--known that the appearance of a constructed histogram for a given binwidth can change markedly for different choices of anchor position. In thispaper we construct a stability index $G$ that assesses the potential changesin the appearance of histograms for a given data set and bin width as theanchor position changes. If a particular bin width choice leads to an unstableappearance, the arbitrary choice of any one anchor position is dangerous, anda different bin width should be considered. The index is based on the statisticalroughness of the histogram estimate. We show via Monte Carlo simulation thatdensities with more structure are more likely to lead to histograms withunstable appearance. In addition, ignoring the precision to which the datavalues are provided when choosing the bin width leads to instability. We provideseveral real data examples to illustrate the properties of $G$. Applicationsto other binned density estimators are also discussed.

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities for Week Ending, May 16, 2008

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities

The sustainable debts of Philip II: A reconstruction of Castile's fiscal position, 1566-1596

The defaults of Philip II have attained mythical status as the origin of sovereigndebt crises. We reassess the fiscal position of Habsburg Castile, derivingcomprehensive estimates of revenue, debt, and expenditure from new archivaldata. The king s debts were sustainable. Primary surpluses were large and rising.Debt-to-revenue ratios remained broadly unchanged during Philip s reign.Castilian finances in the sixteenth century compare favorably with those of otherearly modern fiscal states at the height of their imperial ambitions, includingBritain. The defaults of Philip II therefore reflected short-term liquidity crises,and were not a sign of unsustainable debts.

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities for Week Ending, May 23, 2008

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities for Week Ending, May 30, 2008

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities for Week Ending, June 6, 2008

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities for Week Ending, June 13, 2008

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities for Week Ending, June 20, 2008

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities for Week Ending, June 27, 2008

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities for Week Ending, July 3, 2008

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities for Week Ending, July 11, 2008

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities for Week Ending, August 22, 2008

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities for Week Ending, July 17, 2008

Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities