993 resultados para Truffaut, Francois, 1932-1984
Resumo:
Proposta de compreensao da relação entre educaçao e lutas sociais no contexto histórico da Colonização Dirigida. O trabalho de campo realizou-se na região do Alto Turi, na pré-Amazônia maranhense, onde se desenvolve o Projeto de Colonização do Alto Turi(PCAT), executado pela Companhia de Colonização do Nordeste (COLONE), empresa mista, subsidiária da Superintendência de Desenvolvimento do Nordeste (SUDENE). A questão fundamental do estudo é como os colonos se educam e se transformam, de produtores passivos e dependentes de relações assistencialistas e paterna por mudanças no PCAT. A análise do processo educativo, da reflexão e da ação desenvolvida pelos colonos, passa pela compreensão do processo histórico do Alto Turi Maranhense, isto é: do movimento migratório nordestino a partir da década de 50; da resposta a esse movimento dada pela SUDENE com a criação, em 1962, do projeto de colonização da região; da continuação do processo migratório introduzindo novos personagens (fazendeiros e comerciantes); da criação, em 1972, da COLONE, substituindo a SUDENE na execução do PCAT; da análise dos trabalhos de organização de comunidades, educação, extensão rural e cooperativismo oferecidos pela SUDENE e, posteriormente, pela COLONE à população nucleada. Esta linha de trabalho ainda implica, metodologicamente, em analisar a estrutura de classes da região, verificando o papel político e o peso social do grupo formado pelos colonos, assim como compreender as contradições que dinamizam a luta de classes na região, percebendo esse movimento no interior do processo social mais amplo, regional e nacional.
Resumo:
O historiador Frederick Jackson Turner (1862-1931) é considerado o grande pai da historiografia moderna nos Estados Unidos. Sua frontier thesis postulava a centralidade da expansão das fronteiras ocidentais no processo de formação da nacionalidade estadunidense e na consolidação da democracia política naquela nação, abandonando uma história política factual e introduzindo uma interpretação calcada em fatores econômicos e sociais, com claras implicações presentistas. Graças a esta análise revolucionária, Turner tornou-se uma espécie de patrono da profissionalização da disciplina nos Estados Unidos, formando toda uma geração de historiadores a partir de seus seminários na Universidade Estadual do Wisconsin e em Harvard. Não só isso, mas a sua teoria encontrou apelo entre elementos da classe política e empresarial, incluindo dois Presidentes da República, Theodore Roosevelt (1901-1909) e Woodrow Wilson (1913-1921). A explicação para tal sucesso pode ser encontrada na relação entre a frontier thesis e o Mito da Fronteira, através de uma narrativa que fazia uso dos ícones e imagens do Mito enquadrados em uma retórica extremamente persuasiva. Nas páginas dos escritos de Turner, os norte-americanos marcham triunfalmente em direção a conquista de todo o continente, justificada pelo seu amor à democracia e por sua devoção ao progresso material e mental dos homens. Com isso, o historiador conseguiu unir uma valorização do agrarianismo primitivo com um elogio à evolução histórica dos Estados Unidos.
Resumo:
A presente dissertação se propõe a trazer subsídios à análise da evolução das instituições bancárias do país, contemplando um período em que a economia brasileira passou por vários ajustes, destacando-se o período recessivo entre os anos de 1981 e 1983. O sistema bancário brasileiro experimentou, nas últimas duas décadas, profundas transformações. A par do processo de concentração e conglomeração, estimulada pelas autoridades da área econômico-financeira, a automação veio possibilitar uma ampliação sem precedentes dos serviços postos à disposição dos clientes. Três segmentos do sistema constituem o objeto do presente estudo: o dos bancos privados nacionais, o dos bancos oficiais federais e o dos bancos oficiais estaduais. A análise empreendida tem por objetivo comparar, com base nos parâmetros de rentabilidade e crescimento, esses três segmentos, representados por uma amostra envolvendo os dez maiores bancos privados nacionais, os 3 maiores oficiais federais e os dez maiores oficiais estaduais, no período 1979-84.
Resumo:
Em função dos fenômenos ocorridos em âmbitos interno e externo da economia, verificaram-se alterações nos saldos comerciais brasileiros. O País passou a apresentar superávits comerciais já em fins dos anos 1970, vindo a se firmarem, esses resultados, na primeira metade da década de 1980. Essa reversão dos saldos deficitários comerciais no País acirrou discussões acerca de seus principais determinantes, que podem ser resumidos em duas vertentes básicas: uma que atribui a esses resultados condicionamento estrutural e outro que privilegia fatores de política econômica. Procura-se nesta monografia, abordar os condicionantes de estrutura e conjuntura dos superávits, no sentido de se extrair algumas conclusões acerca da sustentabilidade desses, resultados, sem comprometimento das metas sociais do País em momentos críticos da economia.
Resumo:
Aborda o desenvolvimento recente da economia brasileira do ponto de vista dos principais elementos macroeconômicos, situando especificamente o papel da agricultura. Opera uma revisão das teses neoclássicas, bem como da economia política sobre o tema, tecendo considerações sobre as perspectivas de crescimento da oferta de alimentos básicos em um contexto que não contempla transformações no padrão de acumulação atual.
Um Vice-reinado na República do pós-30: Juarez Távora, as interventorias do Norte e a Guerra de 1932
Resumo:
Esta tese investiga a trajetória da região geopolítica conhecida como Norte, durante o Governo Provisório varguista (1930-1934). Ela começou a ser gestada no imediato pós- 30 e, nos anos seguintes, tornou-se uma das forças políticas mais ativas de todo o período. O Norte era formado pelo então território federal do Acre e os estado do Amazonas, Pará, Maranhão, Piauí, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe, Bahia e Espírito Santo. Nesta conjuntura, as principais posições políticas e militares nesses estados passaram a ser ocupadas pelos que adotaram a autodesignação de revolucionários nortistas. A invenção e consolidação dessa identidade política tinha como elemento agregador o reconhecimento de Juarez Távora como grande líder e representante dos interesses da região junto ao Governo Provisório. Chamado ironicamente, por seus opositores, de “Vice-rei do Norte”, Távora liderou esse grupo durante todo o período, construindo uma importante aliança entre essa região geopolítica e o Governo Provisório. Desse modo, o Norte, seus revolucionários e seu líder foram os principais apoiadores de Vargas na defesa do projeto de centralização política, em oposição a outras correntes, sobretudo as que pregavam o retorno ao regime constitucional. Dessa forma, o Norte participou decisivamente do processo de radicalização que desembocou na guerra civil de 1932, enviando milhares de soldados para os campos de batalha e combatendo, dentro da região, os possíveis aliados do movimento rebelde liderado por São Paulo. Com o fim da guerra e confirmado o retorno do país ao regime constitucional, apesar da tentativa de permanecer como um grande bloco político, a região se fragmenta e os antigos laços que definiam a identidade dos revolucionários nortistas se dissolvem, assim como a liderança indiscutível de seu líder e herói, Juarez Távora.
Resumo:
Alasdair Gray is now an established figure in the Scottish literary scene and has numerous claims to be considered an important voice writing in English. First Lanark: A Life in Four Books (1981) and then 1982 Janine (1984) contributed to the recognition of Gray as one of the founding fathers of the new Scottish writing and as a figure of importance in international contemporary fiction due to his innovative, experimental and postmodernist novels. As the title of this dissertation - “Alasdair Gray’s 1982 Janine (1984): A Postmodernist Scottish Novel” - suggests, it aims at analysing the author’s second novel, 1982 Janine (1984), in a thematic and formal perspective, in order to justify the choice of the terms - Postmodernist and Scottish - to classify this novel. 1982 Janine projects a world through Jock McLeish’s mind and is a powerful stream-of-consciousness narrative. Jock is an alcoholic who lives a personal crisis and, therefore, tries to escape from his depressing reality through sexual fantasies and political diatribes. During a single night in a Scottish hotel room, he drinks and dreams, and spends the whole night alone with his fantasies and fears, his memories and hopes. In Chapter 11, the most daring experimental section of the novel, Jock attempts to commit suicide by taking an overdose of tablets with alcohol but fails. Following this, he decides to review his life and make for a new beginning; the novel thus closing with an optimistic note. Also, the narrative is based on a constant interweaving of sex fantasy with political satire, that is, it is through his protagonist that Gray manages to convey the state of Scotland as well as the concerns and aspirations of the Scottish people and then, proceed to a political and social critique. This dissertation appears structured in three chapters. In Chapter I - “Alasdair Gray: A Postmodernist Scottish Writer” - I present Gray as a powerful postmodernist writer who also sees himself as a Scottish author, and more particularly as a Glaswegian, who concentrates on Scottish subject matter in his literary work. In a first section, I offer a brief survey of the Scottish literary scene from the fourteenth to the twentieth century, in order to understand Gray’s choice of setting and themes and to check his influence or indebtedness to previous Scottish authors. As 1982 Janine is also a good example of selfconscious experimental writing, in a second section, I present various seminal fictional works that introduced and developed experimentalism in British fiction, in order to evaluate the influence of modernist developments in form and technique on recent experimental writing. The third section consists of an introduction to Gray’s work for he is not only a novelist, but also an artist, a playwright, a poet, an activist and a scholar. Chapter II - “Postmodernist Features in 1982 Janine” - aims at listing and examining the postmodernist devices that the novel includes, in what content and form are concerned. On the one hand, the use of a developed type of the modernist stream of consciousness, the presence of a protagonist who feels entrapped in a specific system, the quest for freedom, the incoherence and fragmentation of time, the nonchronological order of the narrative, the blending of fantasy and “reality”, as well as the importance of the Scottish material are definitely current aspects within postmodernist literature that can be found in Gray’s novel. On the other hand, the handling of literary self-conscious devices, such as typographical experimentation, presence of metafiction and intertextuality, and inclusion of an Epilogue, are likewise among recurrent postmodernist features. As the title - “A Narratological Analysis of 1982 Janine” - evidences, Chapter III offers a description of the mechanics of the narrative and its functioning in order to better understand the narrative technique of postmodernist fiction. This study is based primarily on Gérard Genette’s theoretical framework and terminology, presented in Narrative Discourse: An Essay in Method, an analytical tool that allows me to provide a more objective and scientific analysis. Hence, I follow the Genettian division of narrative discourse in Time, Mood and Voice while examining the novel. Finally, I proceed to a description of the intertextual relationships 1982 Janine establishes with other texts.
Resumo:
The necessity of the insertion of the capital of Rio Grande do Norte in the world-wide commercial scene and its claim as the seat of political power, in ends of nineteenth and beginning of twentieth century, determined the direction of urban interventions undertaken by government to restructure the city. In that matter, there were several actions of improvements and embellishment in Natal, which had, as a starting point, the adequacy works of the port, located in the Ribeira quarter, with the aim of ending the physical isolation that reinforced its economic stagnation. Besides the problems faced in the opening bar of the Potengi River, and would complement the required improvements, other barriers demonstrate the tension established between the physic-geographic field and the man: the flooded and slope which connected Cidade Alta and Ribeira the first two quarters of the city.The execution of these works demanded knowledge whose domain and application it was for engineering. But, how the actions done for the engineers, in sense to transform natural areas into constructed spaces made possible the intentional conformation of the quarter of the Ribeira in a commercial and politician-administrative center, in the middle of the XIX century and beginning of the XX? Understand, therefore, the employment effects of technology on the physical-geographical Ribeira, is the objective of this work that uses theoretical and methodological procedures of Urban Environmental History, by analyzing the relationship between the environment and the man, mediated by knowledge and use of technologies. The documental research was used, as primary sources, the Messages of the Provincial Assembly Government that later became the Legislative Assembly of Rio Grande do Norte reports and articles on specialized publications, in addition to local newspapers. The work is structured in five chapters. First, some comments about Urban Environmental History (Chapter 1) supplemented with analysis of the conceptual construction of nature in the Contemporary Era and its application in the city (chapter 02), the following chapters (03 and 04) deal with the rise of engineers as a active group in the Brazilian government frameworks and their vision about the nature inside the urban environment and it is studied how the professional technicians dealt with the improvement work of the harbor and in the shock with the natural forces. Other works that would complement this "project" of modernization and had had natural obstacles to be removed the Ribeira flood and slope constitute the subject of the fifth chapter. Finally, some final considerations retake the initial discussions aiming an association between the technique and the nature as junction elements inside the process of constitution of a Modern Natal
Resumo:
To Analyze the Managing Plans of Natal in the decades of 1970, 1980 and 1990, identifying elements that had contributed for the growth of the Lagoa Nova quarter, capital one of the Rio Grande do Norte state. Ahead of the sped up growth of the urban centers, many times is not given to analyze which law had taken care of to its objective, and which the imperfections that had appeared during the application of these laws. To make the comparisons in you square them chosen at there distantinct times made possible to analyze the form as the ground of Lagoa Nova absorbed the proposals laws.Therefore toanalyze influences it of the Managing Plans, to make comparatives analyses between the urbanistics condicion, made possible to understand that the fabric urban of the quarter of Lagoa Nova is a true granary of information that it makes possible to the dedicated ones to the urban studies, a true field of analysis
Resumo:
Strandings of live or dead aquatic mammals constitute an important instrument to provide information regarding the occurrence, biology and ecology of these species. The aim of this study was to register the stranded species of cetaceans, the frequency and the spatial-temporal distribution of theses strandings during the period of 1984 to 2005, in the coast of Rio Grande do Norte. Data was acquired through the monitoring of strandings in the north, north-west and south coast of RN, and through information obtained from institutions and newspaper archives of the State. A total of 122 strandings of cetaceans were registered along the coast of Rio Grande do Norte. Of the 14 species of cetaceans registered, four species had higher frequencies: Sotalia guianensis (n= 65), Steno bredanensis (n = 6), Globicephala macrorhynchus (n = 6) and Physeter macrocephalus (n = 7). Out of 118 strandings, 93 occurred in the south coast (78.8 %), 23 in the north coast (19.5%) and 2 (1.7%) in the north-west coast of the State. The highest frequency of strandings occurred during the months of August to March and the maximum number of strandings occurred from 2000 onwards, as a consequence of the intense monitoring of the Pequenos Cetáceos Project in Rio Grande do Norte
Resumo:
The development of epidemiological practices in the last years of the nineteenth and early twentieth century was characterized by both an influence of medical geography and the emergence of microbes and vectors of diseases. Both theories were used to explain outbreaks in Rio Grande do Norte specially in Natal. In this process were organized new institutions linked to public health, unhealthy spaces and prescribed hygiene measures. The redefinitions of the spaces were linked to updated elements of Hippocratic medicine such as aerism and emphasis on medical topography. How the physicians of the town were organized in the face of new meanings and fields of expertise in the demarcation of diseases and regulation of their own practices against the illegal medical practitioners? Likewise, the very occurrence of epidemics mobilized people, urban institutions and apparatuses. But how the Hippocratic legacy that leads to the idea of bad air originated by swamps from the eighteenth and nineteenth century has been linked to new microbial assumptions and disease vectors in the early twentieth century? How an invader from Africa, (the mosquito A. gambiae) mobilized transnational efforts to combat malaria and redefined the epidemiological practices? The aim of this work is to understand how epidemiological practices redefine the way we define spaces, practices and disease from both an approach influenced by a relational history of spaces and a theoretical synergy which includes topics in Science Studies, Post Structuralist Geography and some elements of Feminist Studies. Documentary research were surveyed in the reports of the provincial presidents, government posts to the Provincial Assembly, specialized medical articles and theses, and documents from the Rockefeller Foundation and national and international journals. In this regard shall be given to both material and discursive aspects of space-related practical epidemiological that Natal as much (in general) Rio Grande do Norte between bad air and malaria.