Development of appropriateness explicit criteria for cataract extraction by phacoemulsification

Background: Consensus development techniques were used in the late 1980s to create explicit criteria for the appropriateness of cataract extraction. We developed a new appropriateness of indications tool for cataract following the RAND method. We tested the validity of our panel results. Methods: Criteria were developed using a modified Delphi panel judgment process. A panel of 12 ophthalmologists was assembled. Ratings were analyzed regarding the level of agreement among panelists. We studied the influence of all variables on the final panel score using linear and logistic regression models. The explicit criteria developed were summarized by classification and regression tree analysis. Results: Of the 765 indications evaluated by the main panel in the second round, 32.9% were found appropriate, 30.1% uncertain, and 37% inappropriate. Agreement was found in 53% of the indications and disagreement in 0.9%. Seven variables were considered to create the indications and divided into three groups: simple cataract, with diabetic retinopathy, or with other ocular pathologies. The preoperative visual acuity in the cataractous eye and visual function were the variables that best explained the panel scoring. The panel results were synthesized and presented in three decision trees. Misclassification error in the decision trees, as compared with the panel original criteria, was 5.3%. Conclusion: The parameters tested showed acceptable validity for an evaluation tool. These results support the use of this indication algorithm as a screening tool for assessing the appropriateness of cataract extraction in field studies and for the development of practice guidelines.

Variable structure control for maximum wind power extraction

EuroPES 2009

Lignin extraction, purification and depolymerization study

280 p. : il.

Extraction of CP Properties of the H(125) Boson Discovered in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 and 8 TeV with the CMS Detector at the LHC

In this thesis we build a novel analysis framework to perform the direct extraction of all possible effective Higgs boson couplings to the neutral electroweak gauge bosons in the H → ZZ^(*) → 4l channel also referred to as the golden channel. We use analytic expressions of the full decay differential cross sections for the H → VV' → 4l process, and the dominant irreducible standard model qq ̄ → 4l background where 4l = 2e2μ,4e,4μ. Detector effects are included through an explicit convolution of these analytic expressions with transfer functions that model the detector responses as well as acceptance and efficiency effects. Using the full set of decay observables, we construct an unbinned 8-dimensional detector level likelihood function which is con- tinuous in the effective couplings, and includes systematics. All potential anomalous couplings of HVV' where V = Z,γ are considered, allowing for general CP even/odd admixtures and any possible phases. We measure the CP-odd mixing between the tree-level HZZ coupling and higher order CP-odd couplings to be compatible with zero, and in the range [−0.40, 0.43], and the mixing between HZZ tree-level coupling and higher order CP -even coupling to be in the ranges [−0.66, −0.57] ∪ [−0.15, 1.00]; namely compatible with a standard model Higgs. We discuss the expected precision in determining the various HVV' couplings in future LHC runs. A powerful and at first glance surprising prediction of the analysis is that with 100-400 fb^-1, the golden channel will be able to start probing the couplings of the Higgs boson to diphotons in the 4l channel. We discuss the implications and further optimization of the methods for the next LHC runs.

Gauge Invariant Spectral Cauchy Characteristic Extraction of Gravitational Waves in Computational General Relativity

We present a complete system for Spectral Cauchy characteristic extraction (Spectral CCE). Implemented in C++ within the Spectral Einstein Code (SpEC), the method employs numerous innovative algorithms to efficiently calculate the Bondi strain, news, and flux.

Spectral CCE was envisioned to ensure physically accurate gravitational wave-forms computed for the Laser Interferometer Gravitational wave Observatory (LIGO) and similar experiments, while working toward a template bank with more than a thousand waveforms to span the binary black hole (BBH) problem’s seven-dimensional parameter space.

The Bondi strain, news, and flux are physical quantities central to efforts to understand and detect astrophysical gravitational wave sources within the Simulations of eXtreme Spacetime (SXS) collaboration, with the ultimate aim of providing the first strong field probe of the Einstein field equation.

In a series of included papers, we demonstrate stability, convergence, and gauge invariance. We also demonstrate agreement between Spectral CCE and the legacy Pitt null code, while achieving a factor of 200 improvement in computational efficiency.

Spectral CCE represents a significant computational advance. It is the foundation upon which further capability will be built, specifically enabling the complete calculation of junk-free, gauge-free, and physically valid waveform data on the fly within SpEC.

Avaliação dos níveis de metaloproteinases da matriz no fluido gengival durante a movimentação dentária ortodôntica

Durante o tratamento ortodôntico, a resposta inicial dos tecidos periodontais ao estímulo mecânico envolve várias alterações estruturais e bioquímicas que permitem a movimentação do dente. As metaloproteinases da matriz (MMPs) parecem desempenhar um papel importante na manutenção da integridade funcional da matriz extracelular periodontal. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar, em diferentes intervalos de tempo, os níveis de metaloproteinases da matriz -1, -2, -3, -7, -8, -12 e -13 no fluido gengival (FG) de caninos superiores submetidos ao movimento de distalização e testar a hipótese de possíveis alterações nos níveis destas MMPs com o emprego de forças ortodônticas. Amostras de FG foram obtidas de dezesseis pacientes ortodônticos saudáveis (nove do sexo masculino e sete do sexo feminino, com idades entre 13 e 27 anos, média de idade 17,7 anos) que possuíam indicação de exodontias dos primeiros pré-molares superiores e tiveram os caninos distalizados como parte da terapia ortodôntica. Um dos caninos superiores foi distalizado ortodonticamente, sendo considerado dente teste. O canino contralateral não foi submetido a nenhuma força, no entanto foi incluído na aparatologia ortodôntica e utilizado como controle. A coleta de FG foi realizada nos sítios mesial (tensão) e distal (pressão) dos dentes testes e controles 7 dias antes da montagem da aparatologia ortodôntica, imediatamennte após a aplicação da força ortodôntica, e após 1 h, 24 h, e 7, 14 e 21 dias, respectivamente denominados -7d, 0h, 1h, 24h, 7d, 14d e 21d. A arcada superior de cada paciente foi dividida em um lado teste e um lado controle. Os resultados mostraram que foram encontradas diferenças significativas no volume do FG apenas nos intervalos de tempo entre -7d e 0h nos lados controle-pressão (CP), teste-tensão (TT) e teste-pressão (TP). Em TP foi observado ainda aumento do volume entre os tempos 0h e 14d. Foi possível detectar no FG as MMPs estudadas nos lados controle/teste e lados pressão/tensão, em todos os intervalos de tempo. As flutuações dos níveis das MMPs apresentaram poucas alterações significativas nos diferentes intervalos de tempo, nos lados controle/teste e lados pressão/ tensão. As diferenças intergrupos (TT, TP, CT e CP) em cada tempo não mostraram resultados significativos assim como as comparações entre os lados pressão e tensão para cada tempo individualmente. Os níveis de expressão da MMP-8 foram muito superiores aos das outras MMPs avaliadas, porém sem diferenças signficativas entre os lados teste e controle.