Ensuring dynamic strategic fit of firms that compete globally in alliances and networks: proposing the Global SNA - Strategic Network Analysis - framework

In order to sustain their competitive advantage in the current increasingly globalized and turbulent context, more and more firms are competing globally in alliances and networks that oblige them to adopt new managerial paradigms and tools. However, their strategic analyses rarely take into account the strategic implications of these alliances and networks, considering their global relational characteristics, admittedly because of a lack of adequate tools to do so. This paper contributes to research that seeks to fill this gap by proposing the Global Strategic Network Analysis - SNA - framework. Its purpose is to help firms that compete globally in alliances and networks to carry out their strategic assessments and decision-making with a view to ensuring dynamic strategic fit from both a global and relational perspective.

A Feedback Learning and Mental Models Perspective on Strategic Decision Making

This study aims to be a contribution to a theoretical model that explains the effectiveness of the learning and decision-making processes by means of a feedback and mental models perspective. With appropriate mental models, managers should be able to improve their capacity to deal with dynamically complex contexts, in order to achieve long-term success. We present a set of hypotheses about the influence of feedback information and systems thinking facilitation on mental models and management performance. We explore, under controlled conditions, the role of mental models in terms of structure and behaviour. A test based on a simulation experiment with a system dynamics model was performed. Three out of the four hypotheses were confirmed. Causal diagramming positively influences mental model structure similarity, mental model structure similarity positively influences mental model behaviour similarity, and mental model behaviour similarity positively influences the quality of the decision.

A Feedback Learning and Mental Models Perspective on Strategic Decision Making

This study aims to be a contribution to a theoretical model that explains the effectiveness of the learning and decision-making processes by means of a feedback and mental models perspective. With appropriate mental models, managers should be able to improve their capacity to deal with dynamically complex contexts, in order to achieve long-term success. We present a set of hypotheses about the influence of feedback information and systems thinking facilitation on mental models and management performance. We explore, under controlled conditions, the role of mental models in terms of structure and behaviour. A test based on a simulation experiment with a system dynamics model was performed. Three out of the four hypotheses were confirmed. Causal diagramming positively influences mental model structure similarity, mental model structure similarity positively influences mental model behaviour similarity, and mental model behaviour similarity positively influences the quality of the decision

Property and age organisation among an East African pastoralist group

Estudos sobre sistemas etários na África Oriental têm focado principalmente as regras que regulam recrutamento, com ênfase ao modo em que se mantém a autoridade e os cargos políticos, assim como à natureza não-militar e não-política dos sistemas etários. Apesar de contribuírem enormemente para a nossa compreensão das organizações etárias na região, esses estudos não lidam explicitamente com a questão da propriedade e com o modo em que ela constitui um dos principais focos para atividades de organizações etárias. De fato, quando se menciona a propriedade, ela é vista em função das famílias e, portanto, do parentesco. Apresentando e discutindo uma variedade de casos envolvendo o modo em que a propriedade é tratada por lideranças de um conjunto etário/geracional e residentes Hor e não-Hor do território Hor, este estudo conclui que a posse, o uso e controle de recursos não constitui um assunto que pertence exclusivamente à esfera de grupos de parentesco; trata-se também de uma questão central para organizações etárias. Apesar de haver, aparentemente, alguma ambigüidade decorrente da ênfase equilibrada que os Hor dedicam ao parentesco e às categorias etárias e suas complementaridades em assuntos relacionados à economia, à religião e ao direito, dados referentes aos Hor revelam uma tendência a tratar questões referentes ao uso de recursos cruciais em termos de organização etária. Trata-se de um estudo sobre os Hor (Arbore), um povo pastoril do Sudoeste da Etiópia.

Health knowledge of prostitutes in Saigon, Vietnam: a study of health attitudes and habits relating to venereal diseases taken from a group of prostitutes

A study of health knowledge and practices of prostitutes is presented here. The study took place at the V. D. Center in Saigon, Vietnam. It was designed with the objective of obtaining information to be used in preparing an educational program to be offered to the prostitutes at the Center, and for using, in preparing educational materials with focus on V. D. prevention. The outline of a course is also presented.

The portuguese insurance industry: basis for strategic process decision

Nowadays, the Portuguese insurance industry operates in a market with a much more aggressive structure than a few decades ago. Markets and the economy have become globalised since the last decade of the 20th century. Market forces have gradually shifted – power is now mainly on the demand side. In order to meet the new requirements, the insurance industry must develop a strong strategic ability to respond to constant changes of the new international economic order.One of the basic aspects of this strategic development will focus on the ability to predict the future. We introduce the subject by briefly describing the sector, its organisational structure in the Portuguese market, and challenges arising from the development of the European Union. We then analyse the economic and financial structure of the sector. From this point of view, we aim at the possibility of designing models that could explain the demand for insurance, claims and technical reserves evolution. Such models, (even if based on the past), would resolve, at least partly, one of the greatest difficulties experienced by insurance companies when estimating the budget. Thus, we examine the existence of variables that explain the previous points, which are capable of forming a basis for designing models that are simple but efficient, and can be used for strategic planning.

Renormalization-group constraints on Yukawa alignment in multi-Higgs-doublet models

We write down the renormalization-group equations for the Yukawa-coupling matrices in a general multi-Higgs-doublet model. We then assume that the matrices of the Yukawa couplings of the various Higgs doublets to right-handed fermions of fixed quantum numbers are all proportional to each other. We demonstrate that, in the case of the two-Higgs-doublet model, this proportionality is preserved by the renormalization-group running only in the cases of the standard type-I, II, X, and Y models. We furthermore show that a similar result holds even when there are more than two Higgs doublets: the Yukawa-coupling matrices to fermions of a given electric charge remain proportional under the renormalization-group running if and only if there is a basis for the Higgs doublets in which all the fermions of a given electric charge couple to only one Higgs doublet.

Projecto de fundações e estrutura destinado a um hotel

O objectivo da realização deste trabalho, foi a aplicação dos conceitos aprendidos ao longo da licenciatura em Engenharia Civil, e mais aprofundados no Mestrado no perfil de Estrutura, desenvolvendo as capacidades de análise no domínio da engenharia civil associadas ao projecto de estruturas, tendo sempre em vista que o produto final seria um projecto apto a seguir para obra e ser executado. Tendo como base as características arquitectónicas do edifício e as geotécnicas do local de implantação deste, foi elaborado um projecto de um edifício com estrutura em betão armado, utilizando pré-esforço em lajes de maiores vãos. Para tal, foram aplicados conhecimentos adquiridos no âmbito do estudo do betão estrutural, da mecânica dos materiais, da engenharia sísmica, da dinâmica de estruturas e de dimensionamento de fundações. Para a análise estrutural do edifício foi utilizado o programa de cálculo automático SAP2000, bem como o programa de FAGUS para o cálculo de armaduras. Foi efectuado um vasto trabalho, quer na agregação de elementos teóricos de base para o projecto, tais como regulamentos, eurocódigos e bibliografia diversa, quer na comparação com construções similares. As hipóteses de dimensionamento que foram sendo consideradas tiveram sempre o objectivo de obter a melhor solução, traduzida na melhor custo/qualidade.

Análise comparativa de diferentes tipos de sistemas de climatização e respectivas centrais de produção de água gelada e quente num hotel

A garantia do futuro da vida como a conhecemos, bem como de um hotel está, e será baseada no seu desenvolvimento sustentável, a racionalização dos recursos naturais, a gestão da energia e da água, minimizando o impacto que a sua actividade tem sobre o meio ambiente. A gestão da energia, gestão da água e a reciclagem serão cada vez mais, os vectores principais de todos os projectos, na sua concepção e na fase de exploração. A equipa que gere uma unidade hoteleira deverá ter sempre presente o custo energético por quarto, deve procurar optimizar o consumo energético, sem afectar o bem-estar do cliente, deve respeitar o meio ambiente, deve ter em consideração, que cada vez mais o cliente irá seleccionar o hotel, não só pelo preço, mas também pelo facto do hotel, respeitar o meio ambiente. Na fase de um novo projecto ou da modernização de uma unidade hoteleira, engenheiros, arquitectos, gestores, técnicos, devem partilhar o conhecimento e desenvolvimento do projecto desde o primeiro dia. No presente trabalho é feita a análise comparativa de diferentes tipos de sistemas de climatização e respectivas centrais de produção de água gelada e quente num hotel, seleccionar soluções, e guiar diferentes entidades, promotor de hotéis, donos de hotéis, arquitectos, empresas de fiscalização, projectistas e instaladores, gestor de exploração, gestor de manutenção. Utilizando o modelo de arquitectura de um hotel existente, onze pisos, com três pisos de zonas comuns, restaurantes, salas de reunião e sete pisos de quartos, com 182 quartos, com o software de origem nos E.U.A., Hourly Air Analysis Program, na versão 4.5, e que utiliza o método de cálculo da American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers,, foi efectuado o cálculo de carga térmicas, identificação e caracterização dos sistemas de climatização a estudar , definição de possíveis tipos de centrais de água gelada e quente, simulação energética dos vários sistemas definidos e respectivas tipos de solução de hotéis. Através das simulações efectuadas e através da previsão de consumos pode-se identificar as soluções que apresentam melhor eficiência e as mais amigas do ambiente.

Assessment of fungal contamination in a group of Lisbon's gymnasiums with a swimming pool

The study’s main purpose was the assessment of the environmental fungal contamination, the exploration of possible associations between related environmental variables and the study of the relationship between fungal contamination of air and surfaces. A descriptive study was developed based upon air and surfaces monitoring for fungal contamination in ten indoor gymnasiums with a swimming pool located in Lisbon’s urban area. Fifty 200 litres air samples and 120 surface swabs were collected. Surfaces samples were collected before and after cleaning and disinfection and temperature and relative humidity values were registered during the collection period. Twenty five different species of fungi were identified in the air samples, being the three most commonly isolated genera the following: Cladosporium (36.6%), Penicillium (19.0%) and Aspergillus (10.2%). Thirty-seven different species of fungi were identified in the surface samples. Fusarium sp. was the most frequent genera before (19.1%) and after (17.2%) cleaning and disinfection. There was a significant association between the numbers of visitors and the fungal contamination determined in the surface samples (p<0.05). There was no significant association (p>0.05) between the contamination encountered in the air samples and the one registered in the surface samples and between the fungal contamination and the temperature or relative humidity measured on location. The data obtained enabled the assessment of the establishment’s fungal contamination and led the authors to conclude, consequently, that physical activity, which generally promotes health, can in fact be challenged by this factor.

Cognitive deficit and depressive symptoms in a community group of elderly people: a preliminary study

Since the number and proportion of old people increases worldwide, health professionals and systems should be made aware and prepared to deal with their problems. Cognitive deficit and symptoms of depression are commom among the elderly, and may occur in relation to various risk factors such as health conditions and psychosocial variables. In order to study cognitive deficit and the presence of signs and symptoms of depression, 62 elderly community subjects enrolled at a Community Health Unit in Porto Alegre, southern Brazil, were interviewed. They were evaluated by means of the Mini Mental State Exam, the Montgomery-Asberg Depression rating scale, and a questionnaire on health conditions, living arrangements and social variables. Higher levels of symptoms of depression were observed among subjects exposed to major risk factors for cerebrovascular diseases (diabetes and coronary disease), while impaired cognitive performance was seen among individuals who could not count on the presence of a confidant (social network variable). The results suggest that the early identification of major risk groups among old people can help to prevent institutionalization and keep individuals in the community.

Acompanhamento da construção do Hotel Europa Plaza, em Lisboa

O presente relatório de estágio apresenta-se como Trabalho Final de Mestrado, realizado no âmbito do Mestrado em Engenharia Civil, do Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa e tem como objectivo apresentar as actividades desenvolvidas durante o mesmo. O estágio de 4 meses de duração, iniciado em Março de 2011, foi realizado na empresa FICOPE - Fiscalização, Coordenação e Projectos de Engenharia, Lda., onde o estagiário integrou a equipa de fiscalização para a edificação do Hotel Europa Plaza. A obra situa-se na Av. da República nº93, em Lisboa e o Hotel é constituído por 8 pisos elevados e 4 enterrados. Aquando do início do estágio a sua construção encontrava-se na fase final de estrutura, tendo o estagiário acompanhado também parte da fase inicial de acabamentos e instalações. Durante o estágio, o aluno participou nas diversas actividades de fiscalização, tais como, acompanhamento e controlo de execução, aprovação e verificação de materiais, controlo de custos e planeamento, consultas e contactos entre todos os intervenientes da obra, com o objectivo de resolução de incompatibilidades de projecto e alterações. O estágio permitiu a consolidação dos conhecimentos adquiridos ao longo do percurso académico, através do contacto directo com a obra e seus diversos processos construtivos empregues, assim como, a percepção do funcionamento das diversas entidades envolvidas na execução da obra.

Validation of a measurement scale for the relationship between the orientation to corporate social responsibility and other business strategic variables

The importance of Social Responsibility (SR) is higher if this business variable is related with other ones of strategic nature in business activity (competitive success that the company achieved, performance that the firms develop and innovations that they carries out). The hypothesis is that organizations that focus on SR are those who get higher outputs and innovate more, achieving greater competitive success. A scale for measuring the orientation to SR has defined in order to determine the degree of relationship between above elements. This instrument is original because previous scales do not exist in the literature which could measure, on the one hand, the three classics sub-constructs theoretically accepted that SR is made up and, on the other hand, the relationship between SR and the other variables. As a result of causal relationships analysis we conclude with a scale of 21 indicators, validated scale with a sample of firms belonging to the Autonomous Community of Extremadura and it is the first empirical validation of these dimensions we know so far, in this context.

From efficiency to optimality in proportional reinsurance under group correlation

Based on our recent discovery of closed form formulae of efficient Mean Variance retentions in variable quota-share proportional reinsurance under group correlation, we analyzed the influence of different combination of correlation and safety loading levels on the efficient frontier, both in a single period stylized problem and in a multiperiod one.