Welt-Krieg, Welt-Revolution, Welt-Verschwörung, Welt-Oberregierung

von B. Segel

Juden, Weltkrieg, Revolution

von Bruno Lange

The quiet eye without a target: The primacy of visual information processing

Motor-performance-enhancing effects of long final fixations before movement initiation – a phenomenon called Quiet Eye (QE) – have repeatedly been demonstrated. Drawing on the information-processing framework, it is assumed that the QE supports information processing revealed by the close link between QE duration and task demands concerning, in particular, response selection and movement parameterisation. However, the question remains whether the suggested mechanism also holds for processes referring to stimulus identification. Thus, in a series of two experiments, performance in a targeting task was tested as a function of experimentally manipulated visual processing demands as well as experimentally manipulated QE durations. The results support the suggested link because a performance-enhancing QE effect was found under increased visual processing demands only: Whereas QE duration did not affect performance as long as positional information was preserved (Experiment 1), in the full vs. no target visibility comparison, QE efficiency turned out to depend on information processing time as soon as the interval falls below a certain threshold (Experiment 2). Thus, the results rather contradict alternative, e.g., posture-based explanations of QE effects and support the assumption that the crucial mechanism behind the QE phenomenon is rooted in the cognitive domain.

Die Revolution und die Juden in Ungarn : nebst einem Rückblick auf die Geschichte der Letzteren

von I. Einhorn. Bevorwortet von Julius Fürst

Die russische Revolution und die russischen Juden : Vortrag ...

von Paul Nathan

Das Proletariat und die russische Revolution

von A. Tscherewanin. Mit einer Vorrede von H. Roland-Holst und einem Anhang vom Übersetzer S. Lewitin

The Quiet Eye in Motor Performance and Learning – Functional and Theoretical Considerations

High precision in motor skill performance, in both sport and other domains (e.g. surgery and aviation), requires the efficient coupling of perceptual inputs (e.g. vision) and motor actions. A particular gaze strategy, which has received much attention within the literature, has been shown to predict both inter- (expert vs. novice) and intra-individual (successful vs. unsuccessful) motor performance (see Vine et al., 2014). Vickers (1996) labelled this phenomenon the quiet eye (QE) which is defined as the final fixation before the initiation of the crucial phase of movement. While the positive influence of a long QE on accuracy has been revealed in a range of different motor skills, there is a growing number of studies suggesting that the relationship between QE and motor performance is not entirely monotonic. This raises interesting questions regarding the QE’s purview, and the theoretical approaches explaining its functionality. This talk aims to present an overview of the issues described above, and to discuss contemporary research and experimental approaches to examining the QE phenomenon. In the first part of the talk Dr. Vine will provide a brief and critical review of the literature, highlighting recent empirical advancements and potential directions for future research. In the second part, Dr. Klostermann will communicate three different theoretical approaches to explain the relationship between QE and motor performance. Drawing upon aspects of all three of these theoretical approaches, a functional inhibition role for the QE (related to movement parameterisation) will be proposed.

The Quiet Eye and Information Processing: Facilitation of Stimulus Identification and Response Selection

Background: A prerequisite for high performance in motor tasks is the acquisition of egocentric sensory information that must be translated into motor actions. A phenomenon that supports this process is the Quiet Eye (QE) defined as long final fixation before movement initiation. It is assumed that the QE facilitates information processing, particularly regarding movement parameterization. Aims: The question remains whether this facilitation also holds for the information-processing stage of response selection and – related to perception crucial – stage of stimulus identification. Method: In two experiments with sport science students, performance-enhancing effects of experimentally manipulated QE durations were tested as a function of target position predictability and target visibility, thereby selectively manipulating response selection and stimulus identification demands, respectively. Results: The results support the hypothesis of facilitated information processing through long QE durations since in both experiments performance-enhancing effects of long QE durations were found under increased processing demands only. In Experiment 1, QE duration affected performance only if the target position was not predictable and positional information had to be processed over the QE period. In Experiment 2, in a full vs. no target visibility comparison with saccades to the upcoming target position induced by flicker cues, the functionality of a long QE duration depended on the visual stimulus identification period as soon as the interval falls below a certain threshold. Conclusions: The results corroborate earlier findings that QE efficiency depends on demands put on the visuomotor system, thereby furthering the assumption that the phenomenon supports the processes of sensorimotor integration.

Ausländische Juden im Kirchenstaat während der Revolution 1948/49

Ermanno Loevinson

Die preußischen Provinzial-Stände im Angesicht der wilden und gezähmten Revolution in und seit den Märztagen : zur Begrüßung insbesondere der gegenwärtig hier versammelten Stände der Kurmark

Boberach: In sechs Aufsätzen werden die Entwicklung des preußischen und speziell des brandenburgischen Provinziallandtages und der Erste Vereinigte Landtag dargestellt, um zu beweisen, daß sie durch die Revolution und die Verfassung nicht beseitigt werden konnten