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RESILI��NCIA EM GEST��O DE PESSOAS: UM ESTUDO A PARTIR DA APLICA����O DO QUESTION��RIO DO ��NDICE DE RESILI��NCIA: ADULTOS EM GESTORES DE UMA ORGANIZA����O DE GRANDE PORTE

O contexto atual das organiza����es �� permeado por press��es, crises e incertezas, caracter��sticas da era da globaliza����o, que requer capacidade humana para adapta����es. O enfrentamento constante ��s situa����es inst��veis necessita, em qualquer n��vel relacional, do que se tem nomeado resili��ncia. Atualmente, o uso deste termo vem se expandindo devido �� sua aplicabilidade no estudo da capacidade humana de resistir �� situa����o de intensa press��o. O termo resili��ncia foi desenvol vido a partir de estudos de popula����o em estado de risco e vulnerabilidade, e atualmente tem pautado algumas discuss��es no campo organizacional. Com base neste conceito, objetiva -se, neste trabalho, estudar a resili��ncia em gestores de pessoas, em uma organiza����o de grande porte com fins lucrativos, da ��rea de Servi��os em S��o Paulo, a partir da aplica����o do Question��rio do ��ndice de Resili��ncia: Adultos - Reivich-Shatt��/Barbosa (2006). A metodologia de pesquisa adotada �� de cunho explorat��rio e descritivo. O instrumento utilizado propiciou mensurar os sete fatores constitutivos da resili��ncia no comportamento humano, sendo eles: administra����o das emo����es, controle de impulsos, otimismo com a vida, an�� lise do ambiente, empatia, auto-efic��cia e alcan��ar as pessoas. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que �� poss��vel estudar a resili��ncia em gestores de pessoas, a partir da utiliza����o do instrumento proposto. Este trabalho permitiu tamb��m associar os fatores que constituem a resili��ncia a algumas compet��ncias essenciais necess��rias para o gestor de pessoas realizar adequadamente suas atividades, sem negligenciar os aspectos de lideran��a associados �� sua atua����o.(AU)

RESILI��NCIA EM GEST��O DE PESSOAS: UM ESTUDO A PARTIR DA APLICA����O DO QUESTION��RIO DO ��NDICE DE RESILI��NCIA: ADULTOS EM GESTORES DE UMA ORGANIZA����O DE GRANDE PORTE

O contexto atual das organiza����es �� permeado por press��es, crises e incertezas, caracter��sticas da era da globaliza����o, que requer capacidade humana para adapta����es. O enfrentamento constante ��s situa����es inst��veis necessita, em qualquer n��vel relacional, do que se tem nomeado resili��ncia. Atualmente, o uso deste termo vem se expandindo devido �� sua aplicabilidade no estudo da capacidade humana de resistir �� situa����o de intensa press��o. O termo resili��ncia foi desenvol vido a partir de estudos de popula����o em estado de risco e vulnerabilidade, e atualmente tem pautado algumas discuss��es no campo organizacional. Com base neste conceito, objetiva -se, neste trabalho, estudar a resili��ncia em gestores de pessoas, em uma organiza����o de grande porte com fins lucrativos, da ��rea de Servi��os em S��o Paulo, a partir da aplica����o do Question��rio do ��ndice de Resili��ncia: Adultos - Reivich-Shatt��/Barbosa (2006). A metodologia de pesquisa adotada �� de cunho explorat��rio e descritivo. O instrumento utilizado propiciou mensurar os sete fatores constitutivos da resili��ncia no comportamento humano, sendo eles: administra����o das emo����es, controle de impulsos, otimismo com a vida, an�� lise do ambiente, empatia, auto-efic��cia e alcan��ar as pessoas. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que �� poss��vel estudar a resili��ncia em gestores de pessoas, a partir da utiliza����o do instrumento proposto. Este trabalho permitiu tamb��m associar os fatores que constituem a resili��ncia a algumas compet��ncias essenciais necess��rias para o gestor de pessoas realizar adequadamente suas atividades, sem negligenciar os aspectos de lideran��a associados �� sua atua����o.(AU)

CONSCI��NCIA SANIT��RIA: UMA QUEST��O DE COMUNICA����O E SA��DE: Um estudo sobre a Vigil��ncia Sanit��ria de Vit��ria

O trabalho �� um estudo de caso baseado na an�� lise cr��tica do processo de comunica����o utilizado pela Vigil��ncia Sanit��ria de Vit��ria, ES no desenvolvimento de suas fun����es e no cumprimento de sua miss��o de preven����o, prote����o e recupera����o da sa��de da popula����o. Atrav��s da aplica����o de question��rios estruturados com perguntas abertas, semi-abertas e fechadas com funcion��rios do setor e com uma amostra extra��da da lista de contribuintes que receberam o alvar�� sanit��rio em 2003 confeccionamos um diagn��stico dos problemas comunicacionais existentes e sugerimos mudan��as poss��veis. Optamos ter como referencial te��rico al��m da teoria cr��tica, pesquisas realizadas pelo grupo de pensadores Comunicacionais Latino Americanos porque seus trabalhos se aproximam mais da realidade brasileira. Os resultados obtidos elucidam que a comunica����o para a sa��de ainda n��o recebe o reconhecimento necess��rio nas atividades di��rias que visam a sa��de coletiva, no caso de Vit��ria. Confirmamos com a pesquisa a hip��tese de que as a����es da Vigil��ncia Sanit��ria n��o se concretizam sem comunica����o eficiente e que muito pode ser feito para melhorar o servi��o oferecido se os problemas comunicacionais forem sanados.

CONSCI��NCIA SANIT��RIA: UMA QUEST��O DE COMUNICA����O E SA��DE: Um estudo sobre a Vigil��ncia Sanit��ria de Vit��ria

O trabalho �� um estudo de caso baseado na an�� lise cr��tica do processo de comunica����o utilizado pela Vigil��ncia Sanit��ria de Vit��ria, ES no desenvolvimento de suas fun����es e no cumprimento de sua miss��o de preven����o, prote����o e recupera����o da sa��de da popula����o. Atrav��s da aplica����o de question��rios estruturados com perguntas abertas, semi-abertas e fechadas com funcion��rios do setor e com uma amostra extra��da da lista de contribuintes que receberam o alvar�� sanit��rio em 2003 confeccionamos um diagn��stico dos problemas comunicacionais existentes e sugerimos mudan��as poss��veis. Optamos ter como referencial te��rico al��m da teoria cr��tica, pesquisas realizadas pelo grupo de pensadores Comunicacionais Latino Americanos porque seus trabalhos se aproximam mais da realidade brasileira. Os resultados obtidos elucidam que a comunica����o para a sa��de ainda n��o recebe o reconhecimento necess��rio nas atividades di��rias que visam a sa��de coletiva, no caso de Vit��ria. Confirmamos com a pesquisa a hip��tese de que as a����es da Vigil��ncia Sanit��ria n��o se concretizam sem comunica����o eficiente e que muito pode ser feito para melhorar o servi��o oferecido se os problemas comunicacionais forem sanados.

The prion model for [URE3] of yeast: Spontaneous generation and requirements for���propagation

The genetic properties of the non-Mendelian element, [URE3], suggest that it is a prion (infectious protein) form of Ure2p, a mediator of nitrogen regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Into a ure2�� strain (necessarily lacking [URE3]), we introduced a plasmid overproducing Ure2p. This induced the frequent ���spontaneous generation��� of [URE3], with properties identical to the original [URE3]. Altering the translational frame only in the prion-inducing domain of URE2 shows that it is Ure2 protein (and not URE2 RNA) that induces appearance of [URE3]. The proteinase K-resistance of Ure2p is unique to [URE3] strains and is not seen in nitrogen regulation of normal strains. The prion-inducing domain of Ure2p (residues 1���65) can propagate [URE3] in the absence of the C-terminal part of the molecule. In contrast, the C-terminal part of Ure2p cannot be converted to the prion (inactive) form without the prion-inducing domain covalently attached. These experiments support the prion model for [URE3] and extend our understanding of its propagation.

Therapeutic passive vaccination against chronic Lyme disease in���mice

Passive and active immunization against outer surface protein A (OspA) has been successful in protecting laboratory animals against subsequent infection with Borrelia burgdorferi. Antibodies (Abs) to OspA convey full protection, but only when they are present at the time of infection. Abs inactivate spirochetes within the tick and block their transmission to mammals, but do not affect established infection because of the loss of OspA in the vertebrate host. Our initial finding that the presence of high serum titers of anti-OspC Abs (5 to 10 ��g/ml) correlates with spontaneous resolution of disease and infection in experimentally challenged immunocompetent mice suggested that therapeutic vaccination with OspC may be feasible. We now show that polyclonal and monospecific mouse immune sera to recombinant OspC, but not to OspA, of B. burgdorferi resolve chronic arthritis and carditis and clear disseminated spirochetes in experimentally infected C.B.-17 severe combined immunodeficient mice in a dose-dependent manner. This was verified by macroscopical and microscopical examination of affected tissues and recultivation of spirochetes from ear biopsies. Complete resolution of disease and infection was achieved, independent of whether OspC-specific immune sera (10 ��g OspC-specific Abs) were repeatedly given (4�� in 3- to 4-day intervals) before the onset (day 10 postinfection) or at the time of fully established arthritis and carditis (days 19 or 60 postinfection). The results indicate that in mice spirochetes constitutively express OspC and are readily susceptible to protective OspC-specific Abs throughout the infection. Thus, an OspC-based vaccine appears to be a candidate for therapy of Lyme disease.

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveals a rigid ��-helical assembly for the tetrameric Streptomyces lividans K+ channel

The structure of the tetrameric K+ channel from Streptomyces lividans in a lipid bilayer environment was studied by polarized attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The channel displays approximately 43% ��-helical and 25% ��-sheet content. In addition, H/D exchange experiments show that only 43% of the backbone amide protons are exchangeable with solvent. On average, the ��-helices are tilted 33�� normal to the membrane surface. The results are discussed in relationship to the lactose permease of Escherichia coli, a membrane transport protein.

Cloning and functional expression of a cDNA encoding a pheromone gland-specific acyl-CoA ��11-desaturase of the cabbage looper moth, Trichoplusia ni

Desaturation of coenzyme-A esters of saturated fatty acids is a common feature of sex pheromone biosynthetic pathways in the Lepidoptera. The enzymes that catalyze this step share several biochemical properties with the ubiquitous acyl-CoA ��9-desaturases of animals and fungi, suggesting a common ancestral origin. Unlike metabolic acyl-CoA ��9-desaturases, pheromone desaturases have evolved unusual regio- and stereoselective activities that contribute to the remarkable diversity of chemical structures used as pheromones in this large taxonomic group. In this report, we describe the isolation of a cDNA encoding a pheromone gland desaturase from the cabbage looper moth, Trichoplusia ni, a species in which all unsaturated pheromone products are produced via a ��11Z-desaturation mechanism. The largest ORF of the ���1,250-bp cDNA encodes a 349-aa apoprotein (PDesat-Tn ��11Z) with a predicted molecular mass of 40,240 Da. Its hydrophobicity profile is similar overall to those of rat and yeast ��9-desaturases, suggesting conserved transmembrane topology. A 182-aa core domain delimited by conserved histidine-rich motifs implicated in iron-binding and catalysis has 72 and 58% similarity (including conservative substitutions) to acyl-CoA ��9Z-desaturases of rat and yeast, respectively. Northern blot analysis revealed an ���1,250-nt PDesat-Tn ��11Z mRNA that is consistent with the spatial and temporal distribution of ��11-desaturase enzyme activity. Genetic transformation of a desaturase-deficient strain of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae with an expression plasmid encoding PDesat-Tn ��11Z resulted in complementation of the strain���s fatty acid auxotrophy and the production of ��11Z-unsaturated fatty acids.

Low frequency of E-cadherin alterations in familial breast cancer

In order to explore the possible role of E-cadherin in familial cancer, 19 familial breast cancer patients, whose tumours demonstrated loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the E-cadherin locus, were screened for germline mutations. No pathogenic germline alterations were detected in these individuals. However, a somatic mutation was found (49-2A���C) in one of the tumours. This tumour showed a pattern of both ductal and lobular histology. Another 10 families with cases of breast, gastric and colon cancer were also screened for germline mutations, and no mutations were found. A missense mutation in exon 12 of E-cadherin (1774G���A; Ala592Thr) was previously found in one family with diffuse gastric cancer, and colon and breast cancer. An allelic association study was performed to determine whether the Ala592Thr alteration predisposes to breast cancer. In total, we studied 484 familial breast cancer patients, 614 sporadic breast cancer patients and 497 control individuals. The frequencies of this alteration were similar in these groups. However, a correlation between the Ala592Thr alteration and ductal comedo-type tumour was seen. These results, together with previously reported studies, indicate that germline mutations and, more commonly, somatic mutations in E-cadherin may have an influence on the behaviour of the tumours, rather than predispose to breast cancer.

Structural Alterations of Lignins in Transgenic Poplars with Depressed Cinnamyl Alcohol Dehydrogenase or Caffeic Acid O-Methyltransferase Activity Have an Opposite Impact on the Efficiency of Industrial Kraft Pulping1

We evaluated lignin profiles and pulping performances of 2-year-old transgenic poplar (Populus tremula �� Populus alba) lines severely altered in the expression of caffeic acid/5-hydroxyferulic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) or cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD). Transgenic poplars with CAD or COMT antisense constructs showed growth similar to control trees. CAD down-regulated poplars displayed a red coloration mainly in the outer xylem. A 90% lower COMT activity did not change lignin content but dramatically increased the frequency of guaiacyl units and resistant biphenyl linkages in lignin. This alteration severely lowered the efficiency of kraft pulping. The Klason lignin level of CAD-transformed poplars was slightly lower than that of the control. Whereas CAD down-regulation did not change the frequency of labile ether bonds or guaiacyl units in lignin, it increased the proportion of syringaldehyde and diarylpropane structures and, more importantly with regard to kraft pulping, of free phenolic groups in lignin. In the most depressed line, ASCAD21, a substantially higher content in free phenolic units facilitated lignin solubilization and fragmentation during kraft pulping. These results point the way to genetic modification of lignin structure to improve wood quality for the pulp industry.

Overexpression of Glutathione Synthetase in Indian Mustard Enhances Cadmium Accumulation and Tolerance1

An important pathway by which plants detoxify heavy metals is through sequestration with heavy-metal-binding peptides called phytochelatins or their precursor, glutathione. To identify limiting factors for heavy-metal accumulation and tolerance, and to develop transgenic plants with an increased capacity to accumulate and/or tolerate heavy metals, the Escherichia coli gshII gene encoding glutathione synthetase (GS) was overexpressed in the cytosol of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea). The transgenic GS plants accumulated significantly more Cd than the wild type: shoot Cd concentrations were up to 25% higher and total Cd accumulation per shoot was up to 3-fold higher. Moreover, the GS plants showed enhanced tolerance to Cd at both the seedling and mature-plant stages. Cd accumulation and tolerance were correlated with the gshII expression level. Cd-treated GS plants had higher concentrations of glutathione, phytochelatin, thiol, S, and Ca than wild-type plants. We conclude that in the presence of Cd, the GS enzyme is rate limiting for the biosynthesis of glutathione and phytochelatins, and that overexpression of GS offers a promising strategy for the production of plants with superior heavy-metal phytoremediation capacity.

Opposite Effects on Spodoptera littoralis Larvae of High Expression Level of a Trypsin Proteinase Inhibitor in Transgenic Plants1

This work illustrates potential adverse effects linked with the expression of proteinase inhibitor (PI) in plants used as a strategy to enhance pest resistance. Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Xanthi) and Arabidopsis [Heynh.] ecotype Wassilewskija) transgenic plants expressing the mustard trypsin PI 2 (MTI-2) at different levels were obtained. First-instar larvae of the Egyptian cotton worm (Spodoptera littoralis Boisd.) were fed on detached leaves of these plants. The high level of MTI-2 expression in leaves had deleterious effects on larvae, causing mortality and decreasing mean larval weight, and was correlated with a decrease in the leaf surface eaten. However, larvae fed leaves from plants expressing MTI-2 at the low expression level did not show increased mortality, but a net gain in weight and a faster development compared with control larvae. The low MTI-2 expression level also resulted in increased leaf damage. These observations are correlated with the differential expression of digestive proteinases in the larval gut; overexpression of existing proteinases on low-MTI-2-expression level plants and induction of new proteinases on high-MTI-2-expression level plants. These results emphasize the critical need for the development of a PI-based defense strategy for plants obtaining the appropriate PI-expression level relative to the pest's sensitivity threshold to that PI.