O Balanced Scorecard no Serviço de Urgência de um Hospital Público Empresarializado: Estudo de Caso

A procura incessante de novas ferramentas de gestão como forma de solucionar dificuldades financeiras sem a perda do nível de qualidade esperado da população, tem sido uma constante nas instituições que prestam cuidados de saúde. Entre os referidos instrumentos de gestão distinguimos o Balanced Scorecard que tem tido um relevante foco de interesse para diversos tipos de organizações, incluindo as prestadoras de cuidados de saúde. Neste sentido, pretendemos com este trabalho analisar o âmbito da aplicação do BSC nas instituições hospitalares, procurando, através da realização de um estudo de caso, desenvolver um esboço de um BSC no Serviço de Urgência de um hospital classificado como Entidade Pública Empresarial.

O Balanced Scorecard num Hospital Público: Estudo de Caso

A procura incessante de novas ferramentas e técnicas de gestão como forma de solucionar dificuldades financeiras sem a perda do nível de qualidade esperado da população, tem sido uma constante nas instituições que prestam cuidados de saúde em todo o mundo. A empresarialização dos hospitais visa, essencialmente, a implementação e o aperfeiçoamento de instrumentos de gestão já amplamente utilizados no sector privado. Entre os referidos instrumentos de gestão, distinguimos o Balanced Scorecard (BSC), que tem tido um relevante foco de interesse para diversos tipos de organizações, incluindo as prestadoras de cuidados de saúde. Neste sentido, pretendemos com este trabalho analisar o âmbito da aplicação do BSC nas instituições prestadoras de cuidados de saúde, procurando, através da realização de um estudo de caso, desenvolver um esboço de um BSC num hospital EPE.

La perspectiva de los profesionales de la salud acerca de la información contable en un hospital-empresa en Portugal. Estudio de caso

Aunque en el contexto internacional sea muy estudiada, en Portugal la utilización de la información económico-financiera en el hospital público es un tema de investigación reciente. Nuestro trabajo está basado en un estudio de caso y tiene como objetivo aclarar si los profesionales que tienen poder de decisión sobre los recursos dentro del hospital, en particular los médicos y los cargos de jefe, usan la información económico-financiera disponible y cuáles son los factores que condicionan su utilización de esta información. Los resultados indican que la consulta de la información económico-financiera no es una práctica común para la generalidad de los médicos y jefes dentro del hospital, aunque un porcentaje importante de profesionales ya la integró en su rutina. El análisis estadístico confirmó solo dos de nuestras hipótesis. Por consiguiente, creemos que además de las variables explicativas identificadas en nuestro estudio, hay espacio para que futuras investigaciones identifiquen otros factores que explican la utilización de la información contable por parte de los profesionales de la salud.

Financial and economic analysis of prevention of needlesticks in the hospital sector

This paper discusses the financial and economic analysis of prevention of needlestick accidents related to Occupational Health and Safety projects and presents the application to a case study involving a Hospital.

Analysis of the return on preventive measures in musculoskeletal disorders through the benefitecost ratio: A case study in a hospital

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are among the most costly health problems that society is facing today. Prevention involves investments and it is important for organizations to make a cost ebenefit analysis of ergonomic projects. Return on prevention is a recent concern in the domain of occupational safety and health (OSH). There are many studies concerning the return on the prevention of WMSDs, in terms of the benefits for the organization in which the preventive measures are implemented. However, it is also important to perform an analysis of the impact of each measure on society (externalities). A model to perform a financial and economic costebenefit analysis related to OSH projects was developed and it was applied in the case of the prevention of WMSDs in a Portuguese hospital. An analysis of the accidents and corresponding costs has been made in six of the services of the hospital. Financial and an economic costebenefit analysis have been made and the benefitecost ratio (B/C) has been calculated. While the B/C financial ratio, considering only the benefits to the hospital, is around 2, the economic B/C ratio, taking into account all the external benefits that have been quantified, is higher than 14. Relevance to industry: Both the economic and the financial B/C ratio are important support tools for decision makers in public and private organizations, helping them to define which preventive measures should be implemented, taking into account the costs involved and the resulting quantified benefits, for the organization, for the workers and for the society.

Economic evaluation of occupational safety preventive measures in a hospital

BACKGROUND: When an organization performs an integrated analysis of risks through its Occupational Health and Safety Management System, several steps are suggested to address the implications of the identified risks. Namely, the organization should make a detailed analysis of the monetary impact for the organization of each of the preventive measures considered. However, it is also important to perform an analysis of the impact of each measure on society (externalities). OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to present a case study related to the application of the proposed economic evaluation methodology. METHODS: An analysis of the work accidents in a hospital has been made. Three of the major types of accidents have been selected: needle stings, falls and excessive strain. Following the risk assessment, some preventive measures have been designed. Subsequently, the Benefit/Cost ratio (B/C) of these measures has been calculated, both in financial terms (from the organization’s perspective) and in economic terms (including the benefits for the worker and for the Society). RESULTS: While the financial ratio is only advantageous in some cases, when the externalities are taken into account, the B/C ratio increases significantly. CONCLUSIONS: It is important to consider external benefits to make decisions concerning the implementation of preventive measures in Occupational Health and Safety projects

Foucault’s Perspective of Performance Appraisal in Public Administration

The main purpose of performance appraisal in organizations is, or should be, to improve the engagement, learning process and progress of the employees and to align individual with team and organizational performance. However, performance appraisal can also be interpreted as an instrument of normalization, discipline and surveillance. This study thus aims to explore and discuss the complex schema of intrinsic and extrinsic objectives of performance appraisal system of the Portuguese public organizations (SIADAP - Performance Evaluation Integrated System). We have developed an exploratory and qualitative case study to capture appraisers and appraises perceptions. The data were analyzed in light of foucauldian theories. According to the qualitative data, namely the discourses of the appraisers and their subordinates, the SIADAP is seen as an instrument of control and dominance that aims to introduce political rationalities, limiting the career progression of the employees. Though some key points of Foucault’s perspective were identified, foucauldian framework revealed some limitations to capture all the complexity inherent to performance appraisal. This study opens new perspectives about the SIADAP and can be of major importance as far as political reflection about performance appraisal in public organizations is concerned.

Contemporary issues in the government and administration of Latin American megacities

This paper is the first to systematically analyze and compare the structures of city governance and administration for seven major cities in Latin America, four of which are megacities (population of over 10 million), and three others are large national capitals. U.S. and U. K. models of city administration are reviewed as baseline models against which differences in Latin American may be explored. Structures of Government in Latin America show several important features and trends: 1) the lack of metropolitan (cross jurisdictional) authority; 2) the existence of strong mayors and weak councils"; 3) high levels of partisanship; 4) overlapping rather than interlocking bureaucracies; 5) pressures towards the privatization of city services, but continuing tension over the desirability of public versus private control; 6) greater fiscal responsibility and autonomy; and 7), a continuing marginalization of public participation in megacity governance.In spite of these features, many cities throughout the region (regardless of whether they are megacity size or national capitals), are actively intensifying their efforts to develop more effective, accountable and democratic governance structures.

O hospital-empresa: do planejamento à conquista do mercado

Os autores examinam os diferentes momentos que envolvem a preparação e a posterior atividade do hospital, que precisa ser administrado de maneira profissional-empresarial para que possa ser bem-sucedido. Na fase de planejamento, importa desenvolver adequada pesquisa de mercado, para delinear um projeto que responda às necessidades e às expectativas assistenciais. A seguir, deve ser desenvolvido o estudo de viabilidade econômico-financeira do empreendimento, com base em elementos realistas, para não permitir falsas conclusões. Só então se passa ao desenvolvimento dos projetos arquitetônico, de instalações, organizacionais e de informática, chegando-se à construção do hospital. Já antes de sua inauguração, deve ter início o trabalho de divulgação, no seio do público-alvo, do novo empreendimento assistencial, marcando o começo de um esforço mercadológico ininterrupto, destinado à conquista do mercado e à expansão do segmento conquistado.