Kaikki kotkasta

Kirjallisuusarvostelu

Käsitemalli arjen muutoksen tarkasteluun

Kirjallisuusarvostelu

Cianobactérias planctônicas de um lago artificial urbano na cidade de Goiânia, GO

Os criatórios de peixe do estado de Goiás são inúmeros e de intensa atividade recreativa. No entanto, estudos sobre as cianobactérias nesses ambientes são escassos, fato preocupante, uma vez que é comum notar-se intensa proliferação do fitoplâncton em pesqueiros, principalmente devido a ações antrópicas. O perigo consiste na formação de florações de espécies potencialmente tóxicas, principalmente de cianobactérias. Este trabalho visa inventariar as espécies planctônicas de cianobactérias ocorrentes em um pesqueiro (lago Jaó - um lago artificial raso) da área municipal de Goiânia (GO) (16º39'13" S-49º13'26" O). As amostragens foram realizadas nos períodos de seca (2003 a 2008) e chuva (2009), quando visualmente era evidente a ocorrência de florações. Foram aferidas variáveis climatológicas, morfométricas e limnológicas. O período de seca foi representativo nos anos amostrados apresentando no máximo 50 mm de precipitação mensal em 2005. Foram registrados 31 táxons de cianobactérias pertencentes aos gêneros Dolichospermum (5 spp.), Aphanocapsa (4 spp.), Microcystis (3 spp.), Pseudanabaena (3 spp.), Radiocystis (2 spp.), Oscillatoria (2 spp.), Bacularia, Coelosphaerium, Cylindrospermopsis, Geitlerinema, Glaucospira, Limnothrix, Pannus, Phormidium, Planktolyngbya, Planktothrix, Sphaerocavum e Synechocystis, esses últimos com uma espécie cada. Nos anos de 2003 a 2005 ocorreu predomínio de florações de espécies de Dolichospermum e em 2006 predominaram espécies de Microcystis, Radiocystis e Aphanocapsa. Das espécies inventariadas neste estudo, 21 são primeiras citações para o estado de Goiás e 13 foram constadas na literatura como potencialmente tóxicas.

A new species of Lemmermanniella (Cyanobacteria) from the Atlantic Rainforest, Brazil

The Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest is a highly heterogeneous ecosystem comprising large numbers of tropical and subtropical habitats favorable to the development of cyanobacteria. Studies on cyanobacteria in this ecosystem are still rare, however, especially those involving unicellular and colonial types. The high biodiversity and endemism of this biome has been extremely impacted and fragmented, and less than 10% of its original vegetation cover remains today. We describe here a new species of a colonial cyanobacteria, Lemmermanniella terrestris, found on dry soils in a subtropical region of the Atlantic Rainforest in the municipality of Cananéia in southern São Paulo State, Brazil. This new taxon demonstrated all of the diacritical features of the genus Lemmermanniella but, unlike the other species of the genus, it was growing on the soil surface and not in an aquatic environment. A set of morphological features, including colonies composed of subcolonies, and cell dimensions, shapes and contents distinguish it from other species of the genus. Considering that species of Lemmermanniella are found in very distinct habitats (such as thermal and brackish waters) and that they maintain the same life cycle described for the genus in all of those environments, the morphological structures of the colonies can be used as reliable markers for identifying the genus, and its species differ primarily in relation to the habitats they occupy.

Role of sensory nervous system vasoactive peptides in hypertension

The goal of the present research was to elucidate the roles and mechanisms by which the sensory nervous system, through the actions of potent vasodilator neuropeptides, regulates cardiovascular function in both the normal state and in the pathophysiology of hypertension. The animal models of acquired hypertension studied were deoxycorticosterone-salt (DOC-salt), subtotal nephrectomy-salt (SN-salt), and Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertension during pregnancy in rats. The genetic model was the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) are potent vasodilating neuropeptides. In the acquired models of hypertension, CGRP and SP play compensatory roles to buffer the blood pressure (BP) increase. Their synthesis and release are increased in the DOC-salt model but not in the SN-salt model. This suggests that the mechanism by which both models lower BP in SN-salt rats is by increased vascular sensitivity. CGRP functions in a similar manner in the L-NAME model. In the SHR, synthesis of CGRP and SP is decreased. This could contribute to the BP elevation in this model. The CGRP gene knockout mouse has increased baseline mean arterial pressure. The long-term synthesis and release of CGRP is increased by nerve growth factor, bradykinin, and prostaglandins and is decreased by alpha2-adrenoreceptor agonists and glucocorticoids. In several animal models, sensory nervous system vasoactive peptides play a role in chronic BP elevation. In the acquired models, they play a compensatory role. In the genetic model, their decreased levels may contribute to the elevated BP. The roles of CGRP and SP in human hypertension are yet to be clarified.

Apologeticus Dei 11

Invokaatio: In nomine Jesu!

Metal-Ion-Binding Oligonucleotides: High-Affinity Probes for Nucleic Acid Sequences

Small non-coding RNAs have numerous biological functions in cell and are divided into different classes such as: microRNA, snoRNA, snRNA and siRNA. MicroRNA (miRNA) is the most studied non-coding RNA to date and is found in plants, animals and some viruses. miRNA with short sequences is involved in suppressing translation of target genes by binding to their mRNA post-transcriptionally and silencing it. Their function besides silencing of the viral gene, can be oncogenic and therefore the cause of cancer. Hence, their roles are highlighted in human diseases, which increases the interest in using them as biomarkers and drug targets. One of the major problems to overcome is recognition of miRNA. Owing to a stable hairpin structure, chain invasion by conventional Watson-Crick base-pairing is difficult. One way to enhance the hybridization is exploitation of metal-ion mediated base-pairing, i. e. oligonucleotide probes that tightly bind a metal ions and are able to form a coordinative bonds between modified and natural nucleobases. This kind of metallo basepairs containing short modified oligonucleotides can also be useful for recognition of other RNA sequences containing hairpin-like structural motives, such as the TAR sequence of HIV. In addition, metal-ion-binding oligonucleotides will undoubtedly find applications in DNA-based nanotechnology. In this study, the 3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl substituted purine derivatives were successfully incorporated within oligonucleotides, into either a terminal or non-terminal position. Among all of the modified oligonucleotides studied, a 2-(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-6-oxopurine base containing oligonucleotide was observed to bind most efficiently to their unmodified complementary sequences in the presence of both Cu2+ or Zn2+. The oligonucleotide incorporating 2,6-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)purine base also markedly increased the stability of duplexes in the presence of Cu2+ without losing the selectivity.

Recognition of nucleic acids by metal ion complexes

Metal-ion-mediated base-pairing of nucleic acids has attracted considerable attention during the past decade, since it offers means to expand the genetic code by artificial base-pairs, to create predesigned molecular architecture by metal-ion-mediated inter- or intra-strand cross-links, or to convert double stranded DNA to a nano-scale wire. Such applications largely depend on the presence of a modified nucleobase in both strands engaged in the duplex formation. Hybridization of metal-ion-binding oligonucleotide analogs with natural nucleic acid sequences has received much less attention in spite of obvious applications. While the natural oligonucleotides hybridize with high selectivity, their affinity for complementary sequences is inadequate for a number of applications. In the case of DNA, for example, more than 10 consecutive Watson-Crick base pairs are required for a stable duplex at room temperature, making targeting of sequences shorter than this challenging. For example, many types of cancer exhibit distinctive profiles of oncogenic miRNA, the diagnostics of which is, however, difficult owing to the presence of only short single stranded loop structures. Metallo-oligonucleotides, with their superior affinity towards their natural complements, would offer a way to overcome the low stability of short duplexes. In this study a number of metal-ion-binding surrogate nucleosides were prepared and their interaction with nucleoside 5´-monophosphates (NMPs) has been investigated by 1H NMR spectroscopy. To find metal ion complexes that could discriminate between natural nucleobases upon double helix formation, glycol nucleic acid (GNA) sequences carrying a PdII ion with vacant coordination sites at a predetermined position were synthesized and their affinity to complementary as well as mismatched counterparts quantified by UV-melting measurements.

Recueil de lettres et de pièces originales, et de copies de pièces indiquées comme telles dans le dépouillement qui suit.

Contient : 1-2 Deux lettres de « JAQUES [VI, roi d'Écosse]... à monseigneur de Bethune, conseillier d'Estat... De Saincte Croix, le XIXme novembre 1599 » ; 3 Lettre de « JAQUES [VI, roi d'Écosse]... à monseigneur de Bethune,... De Saincte Croix, le cinquiesme de fevrier 1601 » ; 4-5 Deux lettres d'«ANNA [DE DANEMARCK], r[eine d'Écosse]... à monseigneur de Beton » ; 6 « Chiffre baillé à monseigneur de Bethune » allant en Écosse. « May 1599 » ; 7 Déclaration de « HENRY » IV, qui exempte « du droict d'aubeyne les Escossois qui decedderont [en France]... Donné à Fontainebleau, au moys de mars 1599 ». Copie ; 8 « Passeport pour monseigneur de Bethune [envoyé en Écosse]... Donné à Fontainebleau, le XXVe jour de may 1599 » ; 9 « Declaration du roy [HENRY IV] en faveur des marchans escossois, pour les exempter des XII deniers pour livre des marchandises qu'ils transporteront en Escosse... Donné à Fontainebleau, au moys de mars 1599 ». Copie ; 10 Lettres closes de « HENRY » IV à la « court des aydes de Normandie... Donné à Fontainebleau, le dernier jour de may 1599 ». Copie ; 11 Lettre de « HENRY [IV]... à monseigneur de Bethune, conseiller d'Estat, ambassadeur en Escosse... Escript à Blois, le XVIIIe jour d'aoust 1599 » ; 12 Copie d'une lettre de « HENRY [IV]... à mon cousin le duc de Montpensier,... Escript à Fontainebleau, le dernier jour de may 1599 » ; 13 Lettre de monseigneur « DE NEUFVILLE [DE VILLEROI]... à monseigneur de Bethune [ambassadeur en Écosse]... De Conflans pres Paris, le VIIe de juilet 1599 » ; 14 Lettre de HENRI IV à Jacques IV, roi d'Écosse. « Escript à Fontainebleau, le XXIIIe jour de may 1599 ». Copie ; 15 Mémoire sur le Sr « Colville », ancien ministre de l'église réformée en Écosse, depuis converti au catholicisme. « A Paris, le X may 1602 ». Copie ; 16 « Series regum et decreta per eos in publicis comitiis circa successionem in regno Angliae », depuis Guillaume le Conquérant jusques et y compris Jacques 1er, roi d'Angleterre. Signé : « JOANNES HONORIUS VAN AXELAE ». En latin ; 17 « Proclamation » de la reine ÉLISABETH « contre tous les jesuites, prebstres seculiers et ceulx qui les reçoipvent et maintiennent... Donné à Richemont, le cinqiesme de novembre 1602 ». Copie ; 18 « Recueil abregé des paroles que le roy [d'Angleterre, JACQUES Ier] a tenues à la dissolution de la premiere assemblée des Estatz, en juillet 1604 » ; 19 « Publication faicte à Londres apres la mort de la reine [Élisabeth] d'Angleterre, en faveur de la succession du roy d'Ecosse [Jacques VI]... martii 24, anno Domini 1602, stilo veteri ». En latin ; 20 « Passeport » pour plusieurs prêtres bannis d'Angleterre. « Fait à la court à Whitehall, le 25 d'octobre 1601 ». Copie ; 21 « Autre Passeport... Datum Whitehalle, novembris 5° 1601 ». En latin. Copie ; 22 Passeport pour les personnes qui doivent accompagner les prêtres bannis. « De la courte à Richmonde, octobre 1601 ». Copie ; 23 « Double du passeport donné aux prestres anglois... John Moushe et Françoys Barnaby,... qui doibvent passer à Rome... A la courte de Basing, le 10 de septembre 1601 » ; 24 « Discursus de providentia necessaria habenda pro restitutione fidei catholicae, quando Deus optimus maximus reginam [Élisabeth d'Angleterre] ex hac vita auferet... Presenté au pape ». En latin ; 25 « Double de la lettre de monseigneur DE BEAUMONT » à Henri IV, sur la mort de la reine Élisabeth d'Angleterre. « De Londres, le IIIe apvril 1603 » ; 26 « Copie de la proclamation faicte en Angleterre apres la mort de la roine [Élisabeth], en faveur du roy d'Ecosse », Jacques VI. 1603 ; 27 « L'Ordre gardé aux funerailles d'... Elisabeth, royne d'Angleterre, depuis le palais de Withal jusques à l'eglise cathedralle de Wosminster, le 28 d'avril 1603, stil antien » ; 28 « Extraict d'une lettre parlant de l'entrée du roy [Jacques Ier] à Londres... De Londres, du XXXe jour de mars 1604 » ; 29 « Discours de l'entrée du roy d'Angleterre », Jacques Ier, à Londres. Mars 1604 ; 30 « Declaration du roy d'Angleterre [JACQUES Ier] contre les puritains... Donné en nostre manoir de Oteland, le XVIe jour de juillet 1604 » ; 31 « Extraict d'une lettre escripte de Londres, le IIIe jour de juin 1604, en laquelle il est raconté les premiers propos tenus entre les deputés pour traicter la paix d'Espagne et d'Angleterre » ; 32 « Premiere Requeste que les catholicques d'Angleterre ont presentée à leur roy » Jacques Ier ; 33 « Double de la lettre escritte par le roy d'Angleterre [JACQUES Ier] à son parlement sur le changement de nom d'Angleterre et d'Escosse en celuy de Grande Bretaigne » ; 34 « Double d'une lettre intercepté [du Sr] ROBINSON,... sur la paix recherchée par les Espagnols en Angleterre... A Londres, le 27 mars, stilo veteri, 1602 » ; 35 « Extrait d'une lettre d'Angleterre du XXX juillet 1603, touchant la conjuration contre le roy d'Angleterre » Jacques Ier ; 36 « Advis » concernant les affaires d'Angleterre. « Fait à Wincester, le XVe octobre 1603 ». Copie ; 37 « Coppie des articles accordez entre le vice roy [d'Irlande] et Don Juan de Aquila. A Kinsale, le 17/7 janvier 1602/1601 » ; 38 « Objections proposées par les chambres de parlement premiere et seconde contre le changement de nom et stil d'Angleterre et Escosse au nom de Grand Bretaigne » ; 39 « Oratione del senator BOVIDA, fatta in Londra, a 30 di maggio 1604, in risposta al conte di Ortanton, nel primo abboccamento per il trattato di pace ». En italien ; 40 « Copie d'une letre du pape [CLEMENT VIII] au roy d'Angleterre », Jacques Ier. En latin ; 41 « Manifeste » au nom du roi d'Espagne, publié en Irlande, contre le vice roi, par « Don JUAN DEL AQUILA ». En latin. Copie ; 42 « Copie de la lettre du confesseur du duc de Parme « Fra DOMINGHO DE MENDOSA à [Élisabeth], reine d'Angletere ». En espagnol ; 43 « Coppie de l'edit » de JACQUES Ier, « roy d'Angleterre », contre les jésuites, les prêtres séculiers et tous les « catoliques... Wastminster, 22 febvrier » 1604 ; 44 « Requeste presentée » à Jacques Ier, « roy d'Angleterre, par quelques catoliques ». Copie ; 45 « Articles du serment des prebstres anglois que l'on nomme appelans ». Copie ; 46 « Sommaire de tout ce qui s'est passé en la conférence de l'Union des deux royaumes sous le nom de Grande Bretaigne ». Copie ; 47 « Requeste au roy d'Angleterre » Jacques Ier des États des « provinces unies des Païs Bas ». Copie ; 48 Lettre de JACQUES Ier, « roy d'Angleterre », à « Mariano Grimano », doge de Venise. « Data e regia nostra Grenwicensi ». En latin. Copie ; 49 « Copie de la commission » de JACQUES Ier, roi d'Angleterre, « envoyée au sheriff de Hanpshire... pour la surseance de l'execution des milordtz d'Angleterre » ; 50 Copie de l'«eedict du roy d'Angleterre [JACQUES Ier] par lequel il se donne le nom de roy de la Grande Bretagne » ; 51 Copie de la « response faite au conte d'Arainberg de la part du roy d'Angleterre », Jacques Ier ; 52 « Coppie de la lettre du roy d'Angleterre [JACQUES Ier] à messieurs des Estatz » généraux des Pays-Bas ; 53 Copie de la « response à la susdicte lettre faite au Sr Winwod, agent [de Jacques Ier] vers messieurs des Estats... Faict à La Haye, ce XXIXe aoust 1603 » ; 54 « Abregé de ce qui s'est passé au jugement des Srs Brooc, Gr. Markhim, Ed. Percham, Watson, Clerke, Brookeby et Copley », accusés de conspiration contre le roi Jacques Ier ; 55 « Coppie d'une lettre escripte le 15/25 decembre 1603 par le sieur T...M au Sr H...a, touchant la proceddure de Wincester, où les naguerres seignrs Cobam et Gray et le chevalier Griffin Marchant, tous condamnez de trahison... furent prestz d'estre executez le vendredi 9/19 de decembre 1603, auquel temps le mandement de Sa Majesté, duquel la copie est icy annexée, fut delivré, commandant de suspendre l'execution » ; 56 « Abregé de ce qui c'est faict au jugement du Sr Ragley »

Sex education for individuals who have a developmental disability : the need for assessment

This study was an evaluation of the sexual knowledge of individuals who have '"a developmental disability and the effect of sex education. This was also a pilot study involving the evaluation of the Socio-Sexual Knowledge and Attitudes Assessment Tool (SSKAAT; Griffiths & Lunsky, in press). This tool is a revised version of the Socio-Sexual Knowledge and Attitudes Test (SSKAT; Wish, Fiechtl McCombs, & Edmonson, 1980). Thirty-two individuals participated in the study (20 males and 12 females), who were receiving supports from local community agencies. Participants were assessed using the SSKAAT and SSKAT in an initial assessment and in a 6-week follow-up. Sixteen participants received a 6-week sex education program, Life Horizons I and II (Kempton & Stanfield, 1988a, 1988b), between the assessments, while 16 participants served as a control group. It was found that sex education was successful at increasing knowledge regarding sexuality, as demonstrated by increased scores on both the SSKAT and SSKAAT. However, the current study did not demonstrate any significant effect of gender on knowledge about sexuality. It was also found that IQ did not have a significant effect on knowledge regarding sexuality. The present study found the SSKAAT to be very reliable, with test-retest reliabilities ranging from .87 to .99. This appeared to be an improvement over the original SSKAT, whose reliability ranged from .72 to .90. Furthennore, the revised SSKAAT was fOlmd to provide a much more in-depth assessment of sexual knowledge and attitudes for individuals who have a developmental disability.

The association of faculty's teaching philosophy and teaching behaviour, and critical thinking and self- direction in learning

The intent in this study was to investigate in what ways teachers· beliefs about education and teaching are expressed in the specific teaching behaviours they employ, and whether teaching behaviours, as perceived by their students, are correlated with students· critical thinking and self-directed learning. To this end the relationships studied were: among faCUlty members· philosophy of teaching, locus of control orientation, psychological type, and observed teaching behaviour; and among students· psychological type, perceptions of teaching behaviour, self-directed learning readiness, and critical thinking. The overall purpose of the study was to investigate whether the implicit goals of higher education, critical thinking and self-direction, were actually accounted for in the university classroom. The research was set within the context of path-goal theory, adapted from the leadership literature. Within this framework, Mezirow·s work on transformative learning, including the influences of Habermas· writings, was integrated to develop a theoretical perspective upon which to base the research methodology. Both qualitative and quantitative methodologies were incorporated. Four faCUlty and a total of 142 students participated in the study. Philosophy of teaching was described through faCUlty interviews and completion of a repertory grid. Faculty completed a descriptive locus of control scale, and a psychological type test. Observations of their teaching behaviour were conducted. Students completed a Teaching Behaviour Assessment Scale, the Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale, a psychological type test, and the Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal. A small sample of students were interviewed. Follow-up discussions with faculty were used to validate the interview, observation, teaching behaviour, and repertory grid data. Results indicated that some discrepancies existed between faculty's espoused philosophy of teaching and their observed teaching behaviour. Instructors' teaching behaviour, however, was a function of their personal theory of practice. Relationships were found between perceived teaching behaviour and students· self-directed learning and critical thinking, but these varied across situations, as would be predicted from path-goal theory. Psychological type of students and instructor also accounted for some of the variability in the relationships studied. Student psychological type could be shown as a partial predictor of self-directed learning readiness. The results were discussed in terms of theory development and implications for further research and practice.

Welland Canal Survey of Lands Philip Carrol, 1830, 1846, n.d.

Survey map and description of Philip Carrol's land created by The Welland Canal Company. Included are three written descriptions of the lands along the Northern Reservoir, Southern Reservoir as well as the Canal and Reservoir with a drawing of the aforementioned lands. Noteable features for the Northern Reservoir include; line between Philip Carrol's land and Widow McAlpine's land. The land contains 9 acres, 2 roads and 24 perches of wood land. The survey is dated 1830. Noteable features for the Southern Reservoir include; Road to shorthills, side line North, and Watson's land. This survey is not dated. Noteable features for the Canal and Reservoir include; West line of lot, lot.213. The land contains 9 acres and 5 perches. The surveyor's updates for this survey are dated 1846. Surveyor notes are seen in pencil on the map.See also Pp 109-113

Part Time University Teaching in Ontario: A Self-Study

This qualitative self-study explored the disappointment I felt as a part-time university teacher in a mid-sized, primarily undergraduate Ontario university, where I experienced difficulty integrating my beliefs about teaching into my practice of teaching. The purpose of this qualitative study was to inquire into why it was difficult for me, representative of a part-time university teacher in a mid-sized, primarily undergraduate university, to enact the critical pedagogical practices I espoused in my teaching philosophy. The secondary purpose was to apply the findings of the study to reframe my university teaching practice in a way that met my need to enact my beliefs about university teaching while complying with the broader geo-political conditions of part-time university teaching in Ontario (Loughran, 2006; Russell & Loughran, 2007). This study is grounded in the sociological theoretical framework of critical pedagogy (Freire, 1970; Giroux, 1988, 2010; McLaren, 2003) and the methodological framework of The Self-Study of Teacher Education Practices (S-STEP). This study combined the methods of Brookfield’s (1995; 2002) critically reflective practice and Cole and Knowles (2000) practice of reflexive inquiry with Creswell’s (2005) methods of thematic analysis to answer the research question: Why is it difficult for me to enact my beliefs about university teaching as a part-time teacher in an Ontario university? Findings suggest the geo-political contexts of part-time university teaching work can impact a teacher’s ability to enact his/her beliefs about teaching within his/her practice of teaching.

Photograph - Owls Bicycle Club, 1889

A photograph of the Owls Bicycle Club in the year 1889. The men are in the rear of the Watson memorial with St. Joseph's convent/orphanage and St. Catharines Cathedral in the background. There are 21 men on bicycle including Stanley G. Smith (second row, fourth from the left).

Effects of Cerebral Blood Flow and PETCO2 on Cognitive Function During Passive Heat Stress

This thesis tested whether cognitive performance during passive heat stress may be affected by changes in cerebrovascular variables as opposed to strictly thermally-induced changes. A pharmacological reduction in cerebral blood flow (CBF) using indomethacin along with a hypocapnia-induced CBF reduction during passive heat stress (Tre ~1.5°C above baseline) were used to investigate any cerebrovascular-mediated changes in cognitive performance. Repeated measures analysis of variance indicated that One-Touch Stockings of Cambridge (OTS) performance was not affected by a significant reduction in CBF during passive heat stress. More specifically, OTS accuracy measures did not change as a result of either a reduction in CBF or increasing passive heat stress. However, it was found that OTS response time indices improved with increasing passive heat stress independent of CBF changes. In conclusion, a significant reduction in CBF does not cause additional changes in performance of an executive functioning task during severe passive heat stress.