人工潜流湿地处理稠油采出水的实验研究

人工潜流湿地由 3个面积各为 90 0m2 的芦苇床组成 ,平均布水量分布为 6m3 d、18m3 d和 30m3 d .进水污染物平均浓度为 :COD 40 1 0 8mg L ,BOD531 88mg L ,矿物油 2 4 6 7mg L ,TN 11 6 7mg L .经潜流湿地处理后上述污染物分别减少了COD6 7 2 5 %— 80 77% ,BOD580 0 2 %— 89 0 5 % ,石油类 78 0 0 %— 88 45 % ,TN 75 32 %— 82 43 % .经检测 ,试验期间潜流湿地的渗透率为 0 5 2m d ,在这种条件下潜流湿地的耐冲击负荷强 ,出水水质稳定

石油污染土壤长料堆式异位生物修复技术研究

应用长料堆式处理技术在长 2 0m、宽 10m的实用规模预制床上对辽河油田不同类型原油污染土壤进行了处理 .处理工程设 8个长条状堆料单元 ,每个堆料单元长 8m、宽 2m、高 0 .35m .当稀油、稠油和高凝油污染土壤中石油烃总量 (TPH)为 4.16～ 7.72 g·10 0 g-1土时 ,经过 5 3d的运行 ,TPH去除率 45 .19%～ 5 6 .74% .本研究为石油污染土壤异位生物修复实用化提供了技术支持 .

Crystallographic and electrochemical characteristics of melt-spun Ti–Zr–Ni–Y alloys

Ti45Zr30Ni25Yx (x = 1, 3, 5 and 7) alloys were prepared by melt-spinning at wheel velocity of 20 m s(-1). The effect of additive Y on phase structure and electrochemical performance of melt-spun alloys was investigated. Ti45Zr30Ni25Yx melt-spun alloys were composed of I-phase and amorphous phase. T

Crystallographic and electrochemical characteristics of melt-spun Ti-Zr-Ni-La alloys

Ti-based icosahedral quasicrystalline phase (I-phase) exhibited excellent hydrogen storage property for special structure. Unfortunately, the application as the negative electrode material of the nickel-metal hydride batteries was limited due to the poor electrochemical kinetics. Meanwhile, rare-earth element was beneficial to the electrochemical properties of Ti, Zr-based alloy.

均相钕系催化剂合成窄相对分子质量分布的高顺式-1，4-聚丁二烯

考察了由Nd（vers）3（简称Nd）、Al（i—Bu）2H（简称Al）和Al（i—Bu）2Cl（简称Cl）组成的均相催化剂体系在5L釜中于70℃聚合丁二烯的反应规律，并在2m^3装置上进行了放大试验。结果表明，该均相钕系催化剂具有高的稳定性；Al／Nd（摩尔比）是影响相对分子质量分布的重要因素，当Al／Nd低于20时，产物的相对分子质量分布在3．00以下；改变Nd／Bd（摩尔比）或使用不同组成的Al，可改变聚合产物的门尼黏度，但对相对分子质量分布无明显影响。在2m^3装置上，采用均相钕系催化剂可以得到收率大于90％、相对分子质量分布小于3.00和顺式-1，4-结构摩尔分数大于97．0％的聚丁二烯

Numerical Simulation of Reactive Extrusion Processes for Activated Anionic Polymerization

In order to deal with the complicated relationships among the variables of the reactive extrusion process for activated anionic polymerization, a three-dimensional equivalent model of closely intermeshing co-rotating twin screw extruders was established. Then the numerical computation expressions of the monomer concentration, the monomer conversion, the average molecular weight and the fluid viscosity were deduced, and the numerical simulation of the reactive extrusion process of Styrene was carried out. At last, our simulated results were compared with Michaeli's simulated results and experimental results. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Size-controlled synthesis of monodispersed gold nanoparticles stabilized by polyelectrolyte-functionalized ionic liquid

The size-controlled synthesis of monodispersed gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) stabilized by polyelectrolyte-functionalized ionic liquid (PFIL) is described. The resulting AuNPs' size, with a narrow distribution, can be tuned by the concentration of HAuCl4. Such PFIL-stabilized AuNPs (PFIL-AuNPs) showed a high stability in water at room temperature for at least one month; they were also quite stable in solutions of pH 7-13 and high concentration of NaCl.

Esterification of acetic acid with N-butanol over the catalysts of surface hydrophobicity and lipophobicity

A series of silica-supported silicotungstic acid catalysts (H4SiW12O40, abbreviated as HSiW), modified with various loadings of Teflon (HSiW/SiO2-Teflon), were prepared by impregnation method. The surface properties of the catalysts were studied by means of XRD, BET, NH3-TPD and the Drop Shape Analyzer (DSA) measurements. Both the surface hydrophobicity and the surface lipophobicity of HSiW/SiO2-Teflon catalysts are enhanced by means of the addition of Teflon.

Fabrication and electrochemical characterization of electrostatic assembly of polyelectrolyte-functionalized ionic liquid and Prussian blue ultrathin films

Polyelectrolyte-functionalized ionic liquid (PFIL) and Prussian blue (PB) nanoparticles were used to fabricate ultrathin films on the ITO substrate through electrostatic layer-by-layer assembly method. Multilayer growth was examined by UV-vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The resulting ITO/(PFIL/PB)n electrode showed two couples of well-defined redox peaks and good electrocatalytical activity towards the reduction of hydrogen peroxide.

Ion-Responsive Behavior of Ionic-Liquid Surfactant Aggregates with Applications in Controlled Release and Emulsification

We propose a simple but efficient, rapid, and quantitative ion-responsive micelle system based on counter-anion exchange of a surfactant with an imidazolium unit. The ion-exchange reaction results in the amphiphilic-to-hydrophobic transition of the imidazolium salt, leading to the destruction of the micelles, which has been successfully applied to control led release and emulsification.

Holmium porphyrin compound liquid crystals: Synthesis and properties

5,10,15,20-Tetra-[(p-alkoxy-m-ethyloxy)phenyl]porphyrin and [5-(p-alkoxy)phenyl-10,15,20-tri-phenyl]porphyrin and their holmium(III) complexes are reported. They display a hexagonal columnar discotic columnar Col(h)) liquid crystal phase and were studied by cyclic voltammetry, surface photovoltage spectroscopy (SPS), electric-field-induced surface photovoltage spectroscopy (EFISPS) and luminescence spectroscopy. Within the accessible potential window, all these compounds exhibit two one-electron reversible redox reactions. Quantum yields of Q band are in the region 0.0045-0.21 at room temperature. The SPS and EFISPS reveal that all the compounds are p-type semiconductors and exhibit photovoltaic response due to pi-pi* electron transitions.

Crystallographic and electrochemical characteristics of Ti45Zr35Ni13Pd7 melt-spun alloys

Ti45Zr35Ni13Pd7 alloys are prepared by melt spinning at different cooling rates (v). The phase structure and electrochemical hydrogen storage performance are investigated. When U is 10 m/s, the alloy consists of icosahedral quasicrystalline phase (I-phase), C14 Laves phase and a little amorphous phase. When v increases to 20 or 30 m/s, a mixed structure of I-phase and amorphous phase is formed. Maximum discharge capacity of alloy electrode decreases from 156 mAh/g (v = 10 m/s) to 139 mAh/g (v = 30 m/s) with increasing v. High-rate discharge ability at the discharge current density of 240 mA/g decreases monotonically from 61.2% (v = 10 m/s) to 56.8% (v = 30 m/s).

Crystallographic and electrochemical characteristics of Ti-Zr-Ni-Pd quasicrystalline alloys

Ti45Zr35Ni20-xPdx (x = 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7, at%) alloys were prepared by melt-spinning. The phase structure and electrochemical hydrogen storage performances of melt-spun alloys were investigated. The melt-spun alloys were icosahedral quasicrystalline phase, and the quasi-lattice constant increased with increasing x value. The maximum discharge capacity of alloy electrodes increased from 79 mAh/g (x = 0) to 148 mAh/g (x = 7). High-rate dis-chargeability and cycling stability were also enhanced with the increase of Pd content. The improvement in the electrochemical hydrogen storage characteristics may be ascribed to better electrochemical activity and oxidation resistance of Pd than that of Ni.

Charge Transport Processes of Immobilized Heteropolyanions at Self-assembled Monolayer Modified Gold Electrode by Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance Measurement

The in situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance(EQCM) technique was used to investigate the ion transport of immobilized heteropolyanions at a self-assembled monolayer(SAM) modified gold electrode during electrochemical redox process. A mixed transfer method was presented to analyse the abnormal change of resonant frequency based on the simultaneous insertion/extraction of different ions. The results indicate that the migration of HSO4- anions was indispensable in the redox process of the heteropolyan ions in a I mol/L H2SO4 solution and played a key role in the abnormal change of the resonant frequency. Such a change was attributed to different packing densities derived by means of differently immobilized methods.

Synthesis and properties of ferrocene-functionalised polythiophene derivatives

The ferrocene-functionalised thiophene derivatives (TFn) with different length of oxyethylene chains were synthesized and polymerized chemically with iron (III) chloride as an oxidant. The resulting ferrocene-functionalised polythiophenes (PTFn) show good solubility in most solvents, such as chloroform (CHCl3) tetrahydrofuran (THF), acetone, etc. The structure and properties of the PTFn polymers were confirmed by IR, H-1 NMR, AFM and photoluminescence (PL). The polymers PTFn show good redox activity with no attenuation of the electroactivity after multiple potential cycling. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.