Flora Lotte "Lola" Reiss in drivers seat of car Portraits Women

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Flora Lotte "Lola" Reiss driving a car Portraits Women

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Paul and Rahel in a car with an unidentified chauffeur; Berlin Portraits Couples

Paul was the son from a previous marriage of Hermann Judey's first wife Olga Judey nee Fischmann

Erich Gustav Baum in the drivers seat of a car with his wife Grete nee Dublon and their daughter Ilse Baum in the back seat Portraits Family

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Fred Herz seated on a car hood on a country road; Harzfahrt (Harz Mountains), Germany.

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Group portrait including Sally Segall and Cäcilie Segall nee Ehrmann in Reichspoft touring car.

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Reproduction of World War I portrait of Dr. Nathan Wolf of the 2nd Company of the 1st Landsturm Infantry Regiment Portraits Men

Dr. Nathan Wolf's medals: (bottom left) silver Wound Badge; Iron Cross 2nd Class; Iron Cross 1st Class; Zaehringer Loewe (Baden); (on right) Medal of the Turkish Crescent

Stochastic kinetics of ribosomes: Single motor properties and collective behavior

Syntheses of protein molecules in a cell are carried out by ribosomes.A ribosome can be regarded as a molecular motor which utilizes the input chemical energy to move on a messenger RNA (mRNA) track that also serves as a template for the polymerization of the corresponding protein. The forward movement, however, is characterized by an alternating sequence of translocation and pause. Using a quantitative model, which captures the mechanochemical cycle of an individual ribosome, we derive an exact analytical expression for the distribution of its dwell times at the successive positions on the mRNA track. Inverse of the average dwell time satisfies a Michaelis-Menten-type'' equation and is consistent with the general formula for the average velocity of a molecular motor with an unbranched mechanochemical cycle. Extending this formula appropriately, we also derive the exact force-velocity relation for a ribosome. Often many ribosomes each synthesizes a copy of the same protein. We extend the model of a single ribosome by incorporating steric exclusion of different individuals on the same track. We draw the phase diagram of this model of ribosome traffic in three-dimensional spaces spanned by experimentally controllable parameters. We suggest new experimental tests of our theoretical predictions.

Walter Godshaw (Gottschalk) riding a motor scooter; Japan(?) Portraits Men

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Ernst Gottschalk sitting in a car petting his dog Whip; London, England.

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