Rendición o Resistencia? : El primer discurso latino

En la segunda mitad del siglo IV a. C. Roma ocupa la Italia central y se orienta al dominio de la región meridional en colisión posible con griegos y cartagineses; su influjo se extiende incluso al Jónico cuando varias ciudades de la Magna Grecia solicitan su protección, no así Tarento, que al anclar una escuadra romana en su puerto, reaccionó atacando las naves y una guarnición romana próxima. Tarento, ante una guerra inevitable, pidió apoyo al rey Pirro de Epiro, quien vio la oportunidad de extender hacia occidente las conquistas que Alejandro dejó inconclusas; su invasión de Italia generó fuerte resistencia, pero no le impidió victorias costosas ni su avance hacia el norte; propuso por intermedio de un embajador la rendición y condiciones gravosas para los romanos que estuvieron a punto de ceder. Allí surge Appio Claudia el Ciego, anciano senador ya retirado, que con un discurso breve, preciso y muy logrado produjo un giro en las decisiones de los patricios. Analizamos el discurso conservado por Plutarco en la Vida de Pirro y lo ubicamos dentro de su contexto histórico y político; gracias a él, Roma conservó sus fronteras itálicas y preparó su futura expansión.

A DIVERSIDADE RELIGIOSA NO ESPAÇO ESCOLAR ADVENTISTA DO ABCD PAULISTA

Tendo como pano de fundo a confessionalidade da rede adventista de educação presente de maneira marcante no espaço escolar e a intensa diversidade religiosa discente, esta pesquisa analisa a relação de possíveis tensões entre a confessionalidade escolar e a diversidade religiosa presente neste espaço. Leva em consideração o processo de modernidade causadora de importantes transformações na educação, na religião e na forma dos dois institutos se relacionarem. Levou-se em consideração o perfil socioeconômico e religioso dos alunos e possíveis tensões na recepção do religioso no espaço escolar adventista por parte dos discentes, inclusive por aqueles que se declaram adventistas. O espaço escolhido para esta pesquisa foi o de colégios adventistas localizadas no contexto do ABCD Paulista, que ofertam o Ensino Médio. Estas unidades escolares estão situadas nas cidades de Diadema, Santo André e São Caetano do Sul, cidades localizadas na mesma microrregião, mas com distintas realidades socioeconômicas

Evaluación participativa de los impactos sociales del turismo residencial y meta-análisis de resultados: un caso de estudio en Pipa (Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil)

Este artículo presenta una propuesta metodológica para la evaluación participativa de impactos sociales. Se ejemplifica mediante la descripción del proceso y resultados de una investigación realizada en la comunidad turística de Pipa (Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil) en la que se desarrolló un proceso de participación orientado a discutir el modelo de turismo residencial implantado en este territorio mediante el identificación y evaluación de sus impactos sociales. La novedad de esta propuesta reside en que se añade, a los beneficios y utilidades de la evaluación participativa de impactos sociales, un meta-análisis realizado sobre los resultados del proceso de participación. Este meta-análisis hace uso de las herramientas informáticas propias del Análisis de Redes Sociales aplicadas al estudio de los mapas causa-efecto elaborados por los participantes. Los resultados de este análisis cuantitativo se completan e interpretan con la información obtenida a través de entrevistas en profundidad y revisión documental, permitiendo: 1) identificar las causas últimas de los impactos sociales derivados del turismo residencial a escala local y 2) una mejor comprensión de la complejidad causal de estos impactos. El meta-análisis ha identificado que la primacía de los intereses de las empresas inmobiliarias internacionales sobre el interés general local se sustenta sobre su capacidad ilusoria de controlar la demanda mediante agresivas campañas de marketing. Esta información permite la deconstrucción del discurso desarrollista del turismo y posibilita la demarcación de nuevas áreas de acción estratégica orientadas a la maximización del beneficio colectivo.

Discurso y réplica á los delegados de los Estados Unidos, Hon. John B. Henderson, (chairman), Hon. Charles R. Flint, por el delegado de la República Argentina á la Conferencia Internacional Americana.

Cover title.

[Ventajas é inconvenientes de la adopción, cuales son hoy sus efectos] : Discurso leído ante el Claustro de la Universidad Central /

Tesis de la Universidad Central (Madrid), Facultad de Derecho, leída en 1867.

Ideas necesarias á todo pueblo americano independiente, que quiera ser libre.

Prologue signed: Vincente Rocafuerte.

El equilibrio americano; una solución del problema del Pacífico,

Eight editorials, reprinted from "El Norte," April 8-18, 1913.

A Cultura Caiçara do Litoral Norte Paulista mostrada na revista Beach&Co Estereótipos do caiçara das cidades de Caraguatatuba, São Sebastião, Ubatuba e Ilhabela em um veículo regional impresso

Estudo dos estereótipos que a revista regional Beach&Co fez do caiçara - povo nativo que mantém uma cultura relacionada ao mar e a mata nas cidades de Caraguatatuba, São Sebastião, Ubatuba e Ilhabela, no Litoral Norte Paulista. Aplicou-se uma metodologia de caráter híbrido que mesclou os Estudos Culturais com base nas obras de Douglas Kellner, Stuart Hall e Raymond Williams com a Análise de Discurso nas obras de Dominique Maingueneau, Eni Orlandi, Patrick Charaudeau e Audre Alberguine. Também foram resgatados os estudos da Cultura Caiçara feitos por Carlos Diegues, Gioconda Mussolini, Emilio Willems, e por fim redefiniu-se o gênero jornalístico Reportagem e contextualizou-se o Jornalismo Regional de Revista. Posteriormente, analisou-se a primeira década da revista Beach&Co, totalizando 120 edições publicadas de janeiro de 2002 a junho de 2012, no qual foram mostradas as diversas abordagens que a publicação fez do caiçara, bem como a evolução da própria revista nos aspectos editoriais, comercial e de design gráfico. Em seguida, selecionou-se 23 reportagens nas editorias de turismo, gastronomia, esportes e outras relacionadas à Cultura Caiçara, que tiveram seus discursos semânticos e os elementos valorativos de linguagens analisados. Nas conclusões, constatou-se que a cobertura jornalística da Beach&Co privilegia as áreas do turismo e do desenvolvimento do Litoral Norte e Baixada Santista; que a revista passou por readaptações e esquematismos dominantes na produção jornalística e encontrou mercado nas especificidades do Litoral Paulista; a Beach&Co se consolidou como uma revista regional profissional, de qualidade e criativa, distante do amadorismo, do bairrismo e da mimetização simplista; apesar de muitas vezes ter usado o caiçara para adjetivar os aspectos turísticos e gastronômicos do Litoral Norte, a revista trabalhou a produção simbólica do caiçara de forma ampla e retratou vários aspectos da Cultura Caiçara, reforçando o poder desta revista regional, como retroalimentando os sotaques do Litoral Paulista nas demais regiões do país onde a publicação também é lida.

Do discurso da resistência à resistência do discurso: as construções identitárias de Mossoró nos enunciados da literatura de cordel

This study has as objective to investigate the identity constructions of Mossoró, at the statements of the string literature. Having as thread the episode of resistance of the city against the group of Lampião at June the thirteenth of nineteen twenty seven, our study built itself at the statements present in nine strings, produced between the space-time of 1927 and 2007, year that Mossoró celebrated eighty years of the episode. Aware that the theme extrapolated the limits of the means of communication of the time and it became part of the everyday of the people from Mossoró, producing at the collective memory the image of a resistance city at the street’s names, at companies’ names, at radios’ names with the “FM Resistance”, at the discourses of the politicians, at the city hall which name is “Palace of the Resistance”, the central question that guides our investigation congregates the discussion around the dialogical relations done at the statements about the theme in vogue. This bias, the research elected as categories of analysis the concept of social voices and chronology, considering that the different identities are produced according to placements made by the subjects, as well as, by the context of production. Admitted at the area of Applied Linguistics (AL) and its line language and pratic of social the research articulates the theorizations provided from the area of Cultural Studies (especially regarding identity) with the theoretical framework of the bakhitinian Circle (regarding the social-historical conception of language and in its dialogical character). The results indicate that even existing an axiological movement around the representations of Mossoró and of the episode of 1927, the statements of the strings converge to a hegemonic discourse, corroborating with the identity profile of resistance transported over eighty decades

Análise textual das representações discursivas no discurso político brasileiro: o discurso da primeira posse da presidenta Dilma Rousseff (1°/01/2011)

Cette recherche décrit la représentation discursive que la présidente Dilma Rousseff fait de soi-même, dans son discours devant le Congrès National, lors de la journée d’investiture, le 1/1/2011. Notre travail se situe dans le domaine théorique et méthodologique de la linguistique du texte et, plus spécialement, dans la perspective de l’Analyse Textuelle des Discours – ATD (ADAM, 2011 [2008a]), qui se définit comme « une théorie de la production co(n)textuelle de sens qui doit se fonder sur l’analyse de textes concrets ». Elle nous fournit la notion théorique et analytique de « représentation discursive », qui se focalise sur la dimension sémantique du texte. Nous nous appuyons, aussi, sur des travaux récents sur les représentations discursives, réalisés dans la recherche brésilienne sur l’ATD (RODRIGUES, PASSEGGI, SILVA NETO, 2010, 2012; RAMOS, 2011; OLIVEIRA, 2013; QUEIROZ, 2013; ZAMBLANO-OLIVEIRA, PASSEGGI, 2013). Les principales opérations sémantiques de construction de la représentation discursive utilisées dans notre travail sont la Référenciation et la Prédication. L’approche méthodologique est, en même temps, qualitative et quantitative, priorisant l’identification des occurrences, ainsi que la description détaillée de leurs valeurs sémantiques et textuelles. Les résultats de la recherche sont de trois ordres : méthodologique, théorique et descriptif-interprétatif. Méthodologique : nous proposons une approche que nous désignons comme « marquage textuel » (ou « mappage textuel ») qui permet de marquer (étiqueter) les valeurs sémantiques des formes linguistiques, permettant leur identification dans le flux textuel, c.-à-d., dans la dimension séquentiellecompositionnelle du texte. Théorique : nous introduisons la notion de « domaines de la représentation discursive » qui organisent et articulent les différents éléments qui composent la représentation discursive de la présidente. Quant aux résultats descriptifsinterprétatifs du discours de l’investiture, ils indiquent que la représentation discursive de la présidente se configure au moyen de différents domaines conceptuels, explicités par les référenciations et les prédications. Ils mettent en relief les désignations et les actions / états, aussi bien de la femme – domaine du genre – que de la présidente – domaine du rôle politique et institutionnel. La présidente se représente explicitement et avec emphase comme l’agent responsable par les actions exprimées par les prédications verbales (verbes d’action), consciente de l’importance de son rôle politique et social. Les prédications nominales signalent clairement une représentation discursive qui englobe les domaines conceptuels politique, moral, éthique, comportemental et émotionnel (forte, accueillante, pionnière, consolidatrice, infatigable, humble, engagée, démocrate, victorieuse et courageuse). Le discours d’investiture réalise, donc, des désignations positives de la présidente, lesquelles se situent dans un temps présent et prospectif – avec des perspectives de futur – comme leader politique du Brésil, avec une participation active dans la transformation du pays, tenant compte aussi de son histoire de vie, sa biographie de luttes. Ainsi, la description empirique et l’interprétation de ce discours particulier contribue à l’analyse textuelle des représentations discursives dans le discours politique brésilien contemporain. Elle soulève, aussi, des questions théoriques et méthodologiques qui nous semblent pertinentes pour le développement de cette aproche.

“Justice will be made“ Bush e o discurso construtor das guerras contra o terror

This work was built aiming to present how they built the speech of the presidential administration of George W. Bush to engender the Wars on Terror. Through an analysis of sources, magazines, newspapers and official speeches of the President; construct a survey that shows the process of development discourse of the U.S. government in order to make credible to the world the existence of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq. To accomplish this feat, the first attempts to deconstruct the work that would be the terrorist and their actions against the hegemonic governments, and perform an important discussion with the theme of the story of the present time and the need for a search like this nowadays. To deconstruct the idea of being a terrorist present as President George W. Bush uses the attacks of September 11th and fear as tools to build a war with a real intentionality toward the conquest of Iraqi oil and finish a task that his father, George H. Bush had left unfinished.

Gustavo Barroso, o führer brasileiro: nação e identidade no discurso integralista barrosiano de 1933-1937

The purpose of this paper is to analyze how Gustavo Barroso sought to discursively construct what would be the Brazilian spatiality through an Interpretation of national history marked by the Jewish conspiracy theory, a racist doctrine in various aspects dialogued with Nazi doctrine, and the thought the Catholic Restoration. Writing that built a given image of the nation. Writing and producing product that is the source of other discourses that operate on the world, appointing him, enveloping him in a load of meanings. Interpretations of time and space that discursively construct realities and ways of being in the world. For the development of this work we will focus mainly on the analysis of the literature of the period integralist Gustavo Barroso since the year 1933 until the year 1937, as well as undertake an analysis of the Cohen Plan, which we understood to be the heir of a grid of thought that falls in line with the theories of political and racial anti-Semitic plot. Thus, we assume that it is necessary to think of the space also in their political and cultural dimensions, and with an barrosiana significance of national space, expressed in the discursive field, the result of a given historical moment and engaged with certain power relations, which unfold through complex relationships, we understand that Barroso made the reading of the Brazilian nation would be its own representation.

“Somos quem podemos ser”: os homens (trans) brasileiros e o discurso pela (des)patologização da transexualidade

This research analyzed the discourse of Brazilian transmen in relation to (un) pathologizing of identity (trans). Therefore, it seeks to analyze the perception of the meanings attributed by Brazilian transmen to their experiences within the context in which their experience is considered a psychiatric disorder, which can be (or not) be diagnosed by doctors and psychologists. Whereby, obtaining such permissions becomes a necessity to perform bodily changes, as well as referrals for modifications of civil documentation. The methodology used was discourse analysis and research techniques were semi-structured interviews and systematic observation of the meetings of Cartografias Trans group, psychotherapeutic care group of transpeople to the Centro de pesquisa e atendimento à travestis e transexuais - CPATT in Curitiba , Paraná. The theoretical framework of the research suppoted mainly, but not only, in the studies proposed by queer theory. In this sense the research found by entering the field and analyzing the data brought, among other things, the existence of a strategic discourse by Brazilian transmen toward depathologization of their identities, manifested mainly on the notion of to have the identity (trans) pathologized does not make them sick.

Divulgação científica para empoderamento institucional: o discurso da revista Darcy e a midiatização da academia

Science has remained in hegemonic position among the various forms of knowledge that enable us perceive our surroundings. After a growing movement of introversion of the scientific field, which enabled the empowerment of the academy, it is growing today the discussion about the need to spread knowledge of this area to society. Our study aims to observe the discourse of institutional science communication, taking into account the historical conditions that made possible the emergence of science as legitimate observation of nature and of man and also the credibility granted to the media. Therefore, we have as our study object the editorials of the Darcy magazine, for scientific and cultural journalism of the University of Brasilia. We focused on observing the discourse of knowledge sharing by the media, using the concepts of field, from Bourdieu’s work, and Agamben’s "profanation" together with notions from the organizational communication area. Also, the concepts of dispositive, discourse and knowledge-power used are based on the studies from the French school which associate them to the need of thinking power as a relation between what is and what is not said, having Michel Foucault as an important exponent of this area. The research, which uses as a method the Discourse Analysis, shows us a process of mutual validation of the scientific and journalistic discourses, which contribute to the strengthening of the institution itself as well as the scientific field, in texts which have as a backdrop the institutional image and reputation.

Entre a cruz e a espada, a foice e o martelo: a representação do anticomunismo no Rio Grande do Norte

The objective of this dissertation is to investigate the propagation of an anticommunism movement in Rio Grande do Norte Estate, Brazil, in a process that started on the first decades of the twentieth century and shows reflections until today. Firstly, we introduce the operation promoted by the catholic oriented newspaper A Ordem. Through the analysis of publications from 1935 to 1945, we observe its role in an image campaign of the “Communist Conspiracy” event, in an attempt to legitimate the power of Right wing groups, specially the Catholic Church and the Military Police. The newspapers discourse is analyzed in serial, quantitative and qualitative perspectives. Secondly, we search to understand the space dynamic of the anticommunism discourse thought the creation of evocation and representation spaces that ended up becoming memory places. Our considerations are based on the concept of representation by Roger Chartier, observing the way communism is represented by A Ordem, as well as the spatial category used to reactivate the anticommunist memory and represent it. We analyze the interests that are served by the construction of the monuments, the Oral History, as well as the relation between the local communities with them. Thirdly, we establish a parallel with many authors, in an approach that gathers Cultural and Social elements and Political History, in order to find explanations for the articulation of these discourses.